First national report to the conference of the parties to the convention on biological diversity

Abstract

1. The Republic of Maldives ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity in November 1992. The Government of the Maldives has prepared this First National Report to the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, with the assistance of the Global Environment Facility (GEF), in response to Decision II/17 of the Second Conference of the Parties (1995). This document reports on measures taken for the implementation of Article 6 of the Convention, “General Measures for Conservation and Sustainable Use”. This report further takes into account other COP decisions that have explicit implications for national reporting.

2. This report has the following objectives: (a) identify the status and trends in biological diversity and the factors which affect biodiversity conservation and use;

(b) report on the status of implementation of the articles of the Convention and the COP decisions that apply to Contracting Parties.

3. Status and trends in biological diversity are being monitored through monitoring of biodiversity services, uses, threats to biodiversity and conservation oriented monitoring and evaluation. Trends in biodiversity use are towards more intensive and multiple use of marine biodiversity. Trends in the use of terrestrial species are more closely regulated through the established permit systems. However, information is sparse on biodiversity inventories for both marine and terrestrial species and ecosystems. Isolated studies have been carried out with regard to specific species and habitats, yet documentation and listings are mostly unavailable.

4. Factors that affect biodiversity conservation and use include changes in the economy, realisation of economic value as “resources” of components of biodiversity, notably marine and fisheries resources. In addition, changes in lifestyles and practices have led to critical issues of waste disposal and management. Habitat loss and degradation is a serious issue in the Maldives. Regulatory frameworks are in place for the conservation of biodiversity components such as protected areas management, species based conservation measures including moratoria, quota systems, bans and protected species listings; and restricted and monitored use listings.

5. The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan has been formulated through a participatory approach, with widespread consultation in all regions of the country with respect to issues, constraints, and necessary actions for biodiversity conservation. Public and private agencies and parties involved in various sectors, and NGOs were also consulted.

6. The legal, regulatory and administrative framework needs to be strengthened through more comprehensive and integrated approaches to biodiversity conservation, and the development of human resources and financial mechanisms for such action. The institutional framework for sustainable use, development and conservation of biodiversity has gaps and weaknesses that can be reduced through collaboration and partnership by adopting integrated frameworks, as well as institutional streamlining and capacity building initiatives. Collaboration with regional networks for biodiversity research and management must be strengthened.

7. There are several ongoing programmes in the Maldives for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of its natural resources together with which synergies can be developed for implementing strategies and actions identified in the NBSAP. However, technical training, public education and awareness building, development of innovative and appropriate financing and management mechanisms, and institutional reform are necessary for the Maldives to better fulfil its obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity.