Browsing by Author | މުސައްނިފުން "Hyland, Marie"

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    Working Paper
    Firms’ discriminatory behavior and women’s employment in the Democratic Republic of Congo : policy research working paper 9224
    (World Bank Group, 2020-04) Hyland, Marie; Islam, Asif; Muzi, Silvia
    This paper contributes to better understanding firms’ discriminatory behavior in the presence of gender-based legal discrimination and its linkages with labor market outcomes for women in a developing country setting. Using data collected through the World Bank Enterprise Surveys in the Democratic Republic of Congo, the paper documents the existence of nonnegligible employer discrimination and limitations in women’s autonomy in the presence of a discriminatory environment. Interestingly, these are more pervasive outside the capital city, Kinshasa, which suggests that cultural norms or differences in regulation enforcement may be at play. The paper also finds that firms’ discriminatory behavior harms women’s labor market outcomes, in their representation among the upper echelons of management and participation in the overall workforce. The negative relationship between restrictions from discriminatory behaviors and female employment is particularly strong in the manufacturing sector.
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    Working Paper
    Gendered Laws : Policy Research Working Paper 9080
    (World Bank, 2019-12) Hyland, Marie; Djankov, Simeon; Goldberg, Pinelopi Koujianou
    This paper offers for the first time a global picture of gender discrimination by the law as it affects women’s economic opportunity and charts the evolution of legal inequalities over five decades. Using the World Bank’s newly extended Women, Business and the Law database, the paper documents large and persistent gender inequalities, especially with regard to equal pay and treatment of parenthood. The paper finds positive associations between improvements in the law and several labor market outcomes, and establishes a small, but over time increasing, causal impact of more equal laws on higher female labor force participation.
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    Article
    Gendered Laws and Women in the Workforce
    (World Bank, 2020-12) Hyland, Marie; Djankov, Simeon; Goldberg, Koujianou