Browsing by Author | މުސައްނިފުން "Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group"
Now showing 1 - 40 of 70
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item 1st addendum to the EIA report development of city hotel, hospitality institute and resort development At Bodufinolhu And Gasfinolhu Laamu Atoll(2012-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThis first addendum to EIA report for Development of City Hotel, Hospitality Institute and resort development at Bodufinolhu and Gasfinolhu is prepared to address the construction of a temporary causeway connecting L. Gan City Hotel area and Bodufinolhu for the duration of construction phase of Bodufinolhu. EPA instructed the proponent to remove the temporary cause way constructed connecting the two islands during December 2011 after a complaints raised from an individual from L. Gan. A temporary cause way was constructed by the proponent using dredged material and three concrete culverts connecting the two islands (L. Gan and Bodufinolhu) for transporting construction material from L. Gan to Bodufinolhu. In consultation with EPA and Tourism ministry it was decided that temporary cause way can be constructed with environmental clearance in the form of an addendum. The temporary cause way will be constructed at the channel area between L. Gan and Bodufinolhu (shortest length). The cause way will be constructed west of main road (to locate cause way within the City Hotel boundary) at L. Gan and connected at the southern end of Bodufinolhu. The proposed causeway is 31.59m long and 4m wide. Culverts will be placed at 1m intervals of opening size 1.5m. The culverts will be constructed with reinforced concrete. Excavators will be used for transporting the culverts to designated locations (13 culverts will be constructed). Water current speed measure was taken near the existing culverts to record the current speed flowing behind the causeway and at the eastern side of Bodufinolhu and Gasfinolhu. Water current at the eastern side of Bodufinolhu and Gasfinolhu is low (0.21m/s near Bodufinolhu and 0.16m/s near Gasfinolhu). Current speed just west of culvert is at an average 0.74m/s during high tide. During low tide due to the sediment build up near the culvert water flow is completely blocked. Shoreline survey was carried out using precision GPS; recording beach toe and low tide line. Since the eastern side of L. Gan and Bodufinolhu is an intertidal area (mostly near Gan) beach toe was recorded for the eastern side. Qualitative assessment was carried out at the proposed causeway location. Since already a causeway is construction area east of the causeway was assessed. The qualitative survey carried out at the area showed that dominant benthic substrate was sea grass. The area was sandy with few rock patches. Two species of sea grass was observed at the area these are; Thalassia hemprichii and Syringodium sp. Impacts on the environment by the construction of temporary causeway have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection surveys (survey data from initial EIA and data collected for this addendum) and based on past experience in similar development projects. Possible impacts arising from the resort development and operation works are categorized in to reversible and permanent (irreversible) impacts. The impacts identified are also described according to their location, Extent (magnitude) and characteristics. Reversible and irreversible impacts are further categorized in to intensity of impacts (negligible, minor, moderate and major) for identifying best possible remedial (mitigation measures) action to be taken. Since the area is already modified and is planned for additional coastal modifications additional impacts in relation to construction of temporary causeway is minor to negligible. Operational impact envisaged due to the proposed modification is change in hydrodynamic regime (which is existing condition due to present causeway) due to the reduction of flow of water through the culverts. This change in hydrodynamic regime is expected to be moderate since the new causeway is design to allow maximum flushing (32% open based on 13 culverts of opening width 1.5m). The proposed causeway for use during the construction stage of Bodufinolhu resort development is 4m wide and 31.59m long; constructed of concrete culverts and dredged material. Alternatives are jetty structure constructed using piles or piers, barge used for transport of material across the channel and the no project scenario. Mitigation provided in the EIA report is sufficient for mitigating impacts identified in this addendum to the EIA report. Mitigation for Solid waste handling and construction related impacts are provided in the initial EIA report. No additional monitoring is required as a result of the proposed temporary causeway. Monitoring works proposed in the EIA report includes reef and shoreline monitoring of all three project islands (including beach profiles and mapping of shoreline using high precision GPS). The proposed causeway is designed to allow maximum flow of water with structural integrity to allow transport of dumper trucks across to Bodufinolhu. The design of the causeway is formulated based on the consultation with EPA (during inspection visit to site by EPA personnel in regards to complaint raised by an islander from L. Gan due to the construction of causeway blocking the flow of water between Gan and Bodufinolhu) and EIA consultant. The causeway will be used only for the duration of Bodufinolhu construction work and will be removed once construction is completed (12 months).Item Addendum 2 to the environmental impact assessment report for the development of a transit hotel and luxury villas at Baa Finolhas(2014-11) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThis non-technical summary highlights the findings of the Second Addendum to the Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed development of a Transit Hotel and Luxury Villas on the island of Finolhas in Baa Atoll by Coastline Hotels and Resorts Pvt Ltd. The proponent has brought changes to the concept plan, based on which the EIA for the project was approved. The EIA report was submitted and approved on 21st January 2013. A revised concept plan has been approved and a conditional development approval by the Ministry of Tourism has been provided, conditional to environmental clearance by EPA. This addendum therefore covers description of these changes, their environmental impacts and any mitigation measures that are required in context of environmental impacts and mitigation measures described in the EIA of 2013, The changes proposed to the concept are; Quay wall construction on the land side of the harbour basin Revetment construction on the south western shoreline Construction of a temporary jetty on north eastern lagoon These changes are fully discussed in Section 4 of the report, while impacts and monitoring required are discussed in Sections 5 and 6. While the proposed changes to the concept range from minor to moderate (few cases), the environmental footprint of the proposed changes are anticipated as low. Revetment works proposed is likely to have a positive impact to the shoreline where it has been proposed and nearby shoreline, as the primary objective of the revetment was to control severe erosion in this area. Quay wall, although not part of original concept would provide additional mooring space within the harbour in addition to reducing sediment fill up into the harbour basin without the quay wall. The quay wall construction will not completely block water flow across the harbour along the shoreline as there are gaps in the revetment beneath harbour wall ways. Temporary jetty has been proposed for the construction period only (second phase of the overall project, described in EIA 2013). Hence no significant additional impacts are expected to occur due to the changes to the concept plan and construction of temporary jetty. Therefore, it is concluded that the mitigation and monitoring proposed in the EIA for this development is more than sufficient to address these requirements of the project.Item Addendum to the environmental impact assessment for the development of a transit hotel and luxury villa at Finolhas, Baa Atoll(2013-05) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThis non-technical summary highlights the findings of the Addendum to the Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed development of a Transit Hotel and Luxury Villas on the island of Finolhas in Baa Atoll by Coastline Hotels and Resorts Pvt Ltd. The proponent has brought changes to the concept plan, based on which the EIA the EIA for the project was developed. The EIA report was submitted and approved on 21st January 2013. A revised concept plan has been approved and a conditional development approval by the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture has been provided, conditional to environmental clearance by EPA. The changes proposed to the concept are; Change in location of the Swimming Pool and Public Area Change in type, location and number of 1 Bed Beach Houses on Western side of island (revised to be Lagoon Houses) Change in numbers of Tree Houses, Beach Houses on Northeastern side and Ocean Houses Development of a Marine Bio Center at the Service Jetty Area (previously proposed to develop an Overwater Cinema) These changes are fully discussed in Section 4 of the report, while impacts and monitoring required are discussed in Sections 5 and 6. While the proposed changes to the concept range from minor to moderate (few cases), the environmental footprint of the proposed changes are anticipated as low. Hence no additional impacts are expected to occur due to the changes to the concept plan. Therefore, it is concluded that the mitigation and monitoring proposed in the EIA for this development is more than sufficient to address these requirements of the project.Item EIA report for reconstruction of berth at Thilafushi block 149C(2011-01-18) Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group1. This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is to fulfill the regulatory requirements under the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives prior to the proposed restoration of alongside berth and harbor at Thilafushi block 149C. 2. Project proponent of the proposed project is Mr Ahmed Shahir, M Furahani who is the lease holder of Thilafushi block 149C. 3. The proposed project involves construction of alongside berth and reclamation of land at Block 149C, Thilafushi. The reclamation area is confined to existing harbor basin; while berth will be constructed at reef slope side and basin side. The berth at the reef slope side will be constructed using piles and tie beams thereby cantilevering to attain depths of -20m (used for berthing large vessels). 4. The location of project site is at Thilafushi block 149C, which is located at the eastern side of Thilafushi facing the channel between Thilafushi and Gulhi Falhu. The project site, reclamation area is a dredged harbor, while the berth area is damaged breakwater (which at present is submerged). A timber walk way or jetty is observed at the area which is at present used for loading and unloading material from larger vessels. 5. Pilling works will be done using modified excavator with hydraulic system. The piles will be driven using a Tommen Vibrohammer attached to the excavator. The circular 600mm piles for the berth area will be driven to 18m below ground level (outer most piles); while the inner piles and sheet piles will be driven to a depth of 9m below ground level. The sheet piles at the harbor basin area will also be driven using the vibrohammer to a depth of 9m. 15 round piles will be driven at the alongside berth area which will be used as the super structure for tie beams and quay wall. The distance between two piles will be 5m. The sheet pile line total length is 204m, the sheet pile sections will be anchored at 3m interval. 6. The reclamation works will be carried out using construction debris from resorts (construction debris generated from reconstruction of resorts) as core material and dredged spoil from basin area as top soil. The dredged spoil from dredging of basin area will be temporarily stored at existing reclaimed land at block 149C. Excavator on barge will be used for dredging the basin area. Filling works will be done after sheet pilling and piling works of berth area is completed. The existing entrance area will also undergo maintenance dredging. The dredged harbor basin and entrance will have a depth of -4MSL. 7. The length of alongside berth is 70m, the alongside berth will have fenders at 10m intervals. The berth quay area will be concrete slab caste on top of the tie beams. The design of the berth is made such the deep water access is made without the need of dredging the reef slope area. The quay wall will be cantilevered approximately to 3m, which would attain depths of 15-20m suitable for large vessels. Behind the berth, sheet pile section will run all along the periphery of the reclaimed area. 8. The reclamation works will be done after completion of excavation and pilling works, which would effectively bund the reclamation area. Construction debris from resorts will be used for fill the area as core material. Approximately 7360m3 of construction debris will be used as core material. The top soil requirement will be met by dredged spoil generated during the deepening of basin and entrance area. Approximately 4100m3 of dredged spoil will be generated during this work. This material will be stored on land temporarily until core material filling is finished. The finish level of reclamation area is 1.5MSL (which is the finish level of paving stone). 9. Status of marine environment at the project area and adjacent block area was done by visual assessment. Snorkeling survey was done at the reef flat and slope area recording the major benthic substrate cover. The reef slope at the area is very steep, with few over hangs. The reef flat area is observed with major anthropogenic impacts; these include construction waste and other debris (since these areas are reclaimed using constriction debris and similar waste). Live coral cover at the area was less than 1%, with only few encrusting forms. Reef slope area also had very few love coral (less 1%), with few laminar forms and massive colonies. Sedimentation was observed at the rock substrate possibly due to reclamation/excavation works done at other sites at Thilafushi. 10. The project involves modification of existing harbor facility at Thilafushi Block 149C. The coastline and reef area of Thilafushi has undergone major modifications over the years after establishing the island as an industrial island. At present a number of alongside berths and harbors are built at Thilafushi catering for different industrial and commercial uses. Therefore the project area is not a pristine environment. It has to be noted that major excavation/reclamation works are done at Thilafushi and adjacent reef (Gulhifalhu which has far greater environmental impacts). 11. Since the project site is already polluted by construction debris and other solid waste, it is thought that impact of mobilization and loading/unloading works will have minor impacts. Since existing basin will be used, additional impacts to reef or lagoon will be minor. 12. Thilafushi reef system especially at the inter atoll side is severely impacted due to reclamation, dredging and waste disposal works. In this regard reef area near block 149C is almost void of live coral, while the reef flat area is littered with construction debris (used for reclaiming land). Therefore it is not possible to assess and monitor changes to reef health in terms of development work at block 149C. The parameters that can be monitored are water quality (which will also need to be monitored during construction and operational stage, especially if fuel loading and unloading work will be carried out at the berth), vibration levels during piling works and visual assessment of piling area after driving each pile. 13. In conclusion, with due consideration environmental components the project is likely to effect the consultant concludes that the project components and designs are feasible and appropriate mitigation measures are given to correct and minimize unfavorable environmental consequences (considering environmental condition of project area).Item EIA report for restoration of AA. Mathiveri harbour under construction of harbours for tsunami victims project(2010-08) Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group1. This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is prepared to fulfill the regulatory requirements under the environmental Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives prior to the proposed harbor restoration at Mathiveri in AA Atoll. 2. Mathiveri harbor restoration project is part of the Construction of Harbors for Tsunami Victims Project. This restoration project involves repair of harbors at 10 islands. The project is funded by a joint loan taken from Islamic Development Bank (IDB), the Saudi Government and Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) by the government of Maldives. The design consultancy was awarded to Alhabshi Consultants Office, a Kuwaiti Company in association with Riyan Pvt Ltd (a Maldivian company). The Agreement for consultancy was signed on 6th November 2008 between the Government of Maldives and Alhabshi Consultant. 3. Project proponent of the proposed harbor restoration project is Ministry of Housing and Environment. The project was bided as a design and consultancy project. The main design consulting company Alhabhsi Consultants is assigned to carry out the design works, preparing tender documents, carrying out EIAs and construction phase supervision consultant. 4. The proposed development project involves renovation and restoration of Mathiveri harbor. During the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, Mathiveri harbor facility received extensive damages. These include damage to harbor protection walls, side walls and quay walls. Under the proposed project, new quay wall (concrete sheet piles, L section) and breakwaters (armor rocks) will be constructed at the existing foot prints (See Appendix 2 for site plan). The harbor basin will also undergo maintenance dredging to -3MSL. Since the proposed project is only a restoration project, basin size will not be increased. The concept plan is formulated in light of the new third generation harbor concept which is focused at functionality of the harbor. In this regard harbor usage components such as passenger embarking/disembarking, loading unloading area, water and fuel recharging and mooring area will be demarcated. 5. Mathiveri is located at Alifu Alifu atoll, 82km from Male’. It is just about 2.6km west of AA Bodufulhadhoo located at a western side peripheral reef at AA Atoll north western side. In terms of geographic coordinates, it is located at 04° 11' 30" N and 72° 44' 46" E. Nearest island is Nika Island Resort (Kudafolhudhoo) just east of Mathiveri approximately 2.2km away. 6. The existing harbor facility is located at the north eastern side of the island, while access to the harbor is via entrance channel north eastern side of the harbor. The project boundaries are the harbor front area, either side breakwaters, eastern side seawall and entrance area. Under the proposed project maintenance dredging will be done at the basin and entrance area where necessary and this activity will generate sediment plumes east wards. Dredged material removed during the maintenance dredging works will be disposed at the NE side of the island where severe erosion is observed (option 1) and at the football ground for leveling purposes as community requested. Dredged material will be used during construction works and only surplus disposed. 7. The existing harbor footprint will not be changed due to the proposed project, breakwaters and quay wall will be constructed at existing foot print. Therefore the existing design of the harbor will remain as it is, although the present length of entrance breakwater will change (50m of northern side and 100m on southern side). The length of the harbor after completion of renovation works will be 170m and width 84m. The length of entrance channel is approximately 140m, while width is 30m. The harbor basin and entrance channel will have a depth of -3MSL after completion of the restoration works. 8. The harbor will have a total length of 150m of breakwater on either side of entrance channel. The breakwater will be constructed of armor stones and remains of existing breakwater as core 9. Dredge material removed from the harbor basin (maintenance dredging works) and entrance will be initially stockpiled near harbor area since part of the material will be required during construction works. Part of the sediment will be used for back filling the area in between the existing quay wall and new quay wall and for filling the geo textile bags of breakwaters and side quays. Approximately 2,000m3 will be used for back filling and leveling the harbor front area, where due to damaged quay wall sediment has run off. Approximately 21,000m3 of dredge material will be removed from the harbor basin and entrance channel. 10. Approximately 1,000m3 will be used as core material for type1 breakwaters, while approximately 2,100m3 will be used of filling the area between the existing quay wall and proposed quay wall. The harbor side quay areas are also required to be back filled; therefore approximately 1,000m3 of sand will also be used for leveling this area. The remaining 14,900m3 will be disposed at the areas where severe erosion is observed, northern side and leveling of football ground (as proposed by the community and Island Office). Volume of dredged material required for leveling the football ground is not yet known. 11. Existing environment was examined to identify significant environmental components that would be affected and to establish a baseline condition of the site. Available and relevant literature on environmental impacts associated with similar projects was evaluated to identify possible impacts. Oceanographic data and information on local hydrodynamics were qualitatively assessed to determine the current pattern around the island which was based on monsoonal wind patterns, wind generated waves, tidal flushing, geographic setting, the topography of the lagoon and shape of the shoreline. 12. Two sites are surveyed for assessing the reef condition, site one was located at the northern side of the entrance, while site two was located southern side of the entrance channel. 13. Live coral at site one dominated by acroporids, branching and tabulate forms. Numerous acropora tabulate life form colonies are observed at the back reef and reef flat area, while at the ref slope area branching corals are observed. The reef slope is sandy, with isolated porites bommy. Live coral at site one is estimated to be 35%, while rock to be 41%. Live coral cover at site two is estimated to be 30%, while rock and rubble is 61%. Branching and tabulate forms are the dominant acroporids observed. Large porites bommies are also observed at the area. 14. It is important to note that the most significant impact associated with the project would be impact on the marine environment from sedimentation. Dredging and excavation often carry a heavy load of sediments increasing sediment load in the water column causing discoloration due to suspended sediments of the impact area for a prolonged period. Since the project is a restoration project, the extent of sediment plum will be limited at the harbor basin area, whereas the entrance channel mouth area is needed to be deepened. The sediment plume is envisaged to be directed towards eastern side inter atoll waters. 15. Since the proposed project is restoration project, environmental impacts associated with the proposed project are considered minor to moderate. The significant environmental components that are likely to be affected are the coral community at the eastern side reef patches. 16. Mitigation measures are provided in the report for impacts that were categorized minor to moderate. Impact mitigation measures and monitoring is carried out to compare predicted and actual impacts occurring from project activities to determine the efficiency of the mitigation measures. It has to be noted that environmental monitoring has not been done since the completion of harbor, and extent of changes to habitat, live coral cover andshoreline is not known. Even though the project is not envisaged to cause impacts of shoreline (since construction will be done at existing footprint), it is important to monitor shoreline changes. 17. The main issue raised by island community during the meeting held at Mathiveri was the issue of entrance channel mouth area, quay wall at the reclaimed breakwater and disposal of dredged material. The community requested that shallow area in front of the entrance mouth to be deepened, L section quay wall to be constructed at the reclaimed breakwater (basin side) and to dispose dredged material at the northern side of the harbor and at football ground for leveling purpose. 18. With due consideration to main environmental components identified and the magnitude of impacts on these components from the proposed developments, the consultant concludes that the project components and designs are feasible and appropriate mitigation measures are given to correct and minimize unfavorable environmental consequences. Furthermore, the public and community consultation responses were in favor of the project due to the socioeconomic benefits foreseen to the community from a functional harbor.Item EIA report for restoration of HA Hoarafushi harbour under construction of harbours for Tsunami Victims Project(2010-08-19) Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group1. This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is to fulfill the regulatory requirements under the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives prior to the proposed harbor restoration at Hoarafushi in Ha Atoll. 2. Hoarafushi harbor restoration project is part of the Construction of Harbors for Tsunami Victims Project. This restoration project involves repair of harbors at 10 islands. The project is funded by a joint loan taken from Islamic Development Bank (IDB), the Saudi Government and Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) by the government of Maldives. The design consultancy was awarded to Alhabshi Consultants Office, a Kuwaiti Company in association with Riyan Pvt Ltd (a Maldivian company). The Agreement for consultancy was signed on 6th November 2008 between the Government of Maldives and Alhabshi Consultant. 3. Project proponent of the proposed harbor restoration project is Ministry of Housing, Transport and Environment. The project was bided as a design and consultancy project. The main design consulting company Alhabshi Consultants is assigned to carry out the design works, preparing tender documents, carrying out EIAs and construction phase supervision consultant. 4. The proposed development project involves renovation and restoration of Hoarafushi harbor. During the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, Hoarafushi harbor facility received extensive damages. These include damage to harbor protection walls, side walls and quay walls. Under the proposed project, new quay wall (concrete sheet piles, L section) and breakwaters (armor rocks) will be constructed at the existing foot prints. The harbor basin will also undergo maintenance dredging to -3MSL. Since the proposed project is only a restoration project, size of the harbor basin will not be increased. The concept plan is formulated in light of the new third generation harbor concept which is focused at functionality of the harbor. In this regard harbor usage components such as passenger embarking/disembarking, loading unloading area, fish landing, water and fuel recharging and mooring area will be demarcated. 5. Hoarafushi (06° 58' 53" N and 72° 53' 48" E) is located on the west side of Ihavandhippolhu atoll, 318 km from Male’. It is approximately 27km from Dhidhdhoo which is the capital of Ha Alifu Atoll (northern most atoll in Upper North province. The existing harbor basin and facility is located at the eastern side of the island facing Ihavandhippolhu atoll basin. The project boundaries are the harbor front area, either side breakwaters, eastern side seawall and breakwater section at the harbor entrance channel. Under the proposed project maintenance dredging will be done at the basin and entrance area where necessary and this activity will generate sediment plumes east and north eastwards. Dredged material removed during the maintenance dredging works will be disposed at the western side of the island where a bay shape area is observed (surplus after reuse during reconstruction work). 6. The existing harbor footprint will not be changed due to the proposed project, breakwaters and quay wall will be constructed at existing foot print area (apart from small section of breakwater at the western side of the harbor). Therefore the existing design of the harbor will remain as it is. The length of the harbor after completion of renovation works will be 361m and width of 88m. The length of entrance channel is approximately 150m, while width is 30m. The harbor basin will have a depth of -3MSL after completion of the restoration works. 7. The harbor will have a total length of 523m (including side quay walls) of quay walls and 324m of rubble mound breakwater. The rubble mound breakwater will be constructed of demolished material from existing breakwaters while the main breakwaters will be of armored rocks. A small section of existing revetment wall will be retained at the eastern side of the harbor which is in good condition. 8. Dredge material removed from the harbor basin (maintenance dredging works) will be initially stockpiled near harbor area since part of the material will be required during construction works. Part of the sediment will be used for back filling the area in between the existing quay wall and new quay wall and for filling the geo textile bags of breakwaters and side quays. Part of the sediment will also be used to level the harbor front area here a large scour pit is observed. Approximately 22000m3 of sediment will be excavated from deepening of harbor basin. A fair proportion of this sediment would be used for several aspects of harbor repair and construction work while any remains will be disposed at the erosion prone areas at the eastern side of the island. The sediment will be transported to the disposal sites on trucks, although initially sediment will be stockpiled near harbor area for construction purposes 9. Existing environment was examined to identify significant environmental components that would be affected and to establish a baseline condition of the site. Available and relevant literature on environmental impacts associated with similar projects was evaluated to identify possible impacts. Oceanographic data and information on local hydrodynamics were qualitatively assessed to determine the current pattern around the island which was based on monsoonal wind patterns, wind generated waves, tidal flushing, geographic setting, the topography of the lagoon and shape of the shoreline. 10. The harbor front area surveyed during the field visit had live coral cover less than 5%. 11. It is important to note that the most significant impact associated with the project would be impact on the marine environment from sedimentation. Dredging and excavation often carry a heavy load of sediments increasing sediment load in the water column causing discoloration due to suspended sediments of the impact area for a prolonged period. Since the project is a restoration project, the extent of sediment plum will be limited. The existing damaged breakwaters will act as bunds therefore limiting the spread of sediment fines. 12. Since the proposed project is restoration project, environmental impacts associated with the proposed project are considered minor to moderate. The significant environmental components that are likely to be affected are the coral community established on the reef flat and changes due to maintenance dredging works. 13. Mitigation measures are provided in the report for impacts that were categorized minor to moderate. Impact mitigation measures and monitoring is carried out to compare predicted and actual impacts occurring from project activities to determine the efficiency of the mitigation measures. It has to be noted that environmental monitoring has not been done since the completion of harbor, and extent of changes to habitat, live coral cover and shoreline is not known. Even though the project is not envisaged to cause impacts of shoreline (since construction will be done at existing footprint), it is important to monitor shoreline changes. 14. The IDC and harbor committee stated that the size of harbor has to be increased due to increase of vessels and size of vessels. Since the project is a restoration project funded by a loan the scope of work is limited. Although the community stressed the issue of harbor expansion the community was in consent to the proposed project. The existing harbor facility was badly damaged during the 2004 tsunami and is in urgent need of repairs. 15. With due consideration to main environmental components identified and the magnitude of impacts on these components from the proposed developments, the consultant concludes that the project components and designs are feasible and appropriate mitigation measures are given to correct and minimize unfavorable environmental consequences. Furthermore, the public and community consultation responses were in favor of the project due to the socioeconomic benefits foreseen to the community from a more functional harbor.Item EIA report for restoration of HA. Hoarafushi harbour under construction of harbours for tsunami victims project(2010-08-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThis Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is to fulfill the regulatory requirements under the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives prior to the proposed harbor restoration at Hoarafushi in Ha Atoll. Hoarafushi harbor restoration project is part of the Construction of Harbors for Tsunami Victims Project. This restoration project involves repair of harbors at 10 islands. The project is funded by a joint loan taken from Islamic Development Bank (IDB), the Saudi Government and Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) by the government of Maldives. The design consultancy was awarded to Alhabshi Consultants Office, a Kuwaiti Company in association with Riyan Pvt Ltd (a Maldivian company). The Agreement for consultancy was signed on 6th November 2008 between the Government of Maldives and Alhabshi Consultant. Project proponent of the proposed harbor restoration project is Ministry of Housing, Transport and Environment. The project was bided as a design and consultancy project. The main design consulting company Alhabshi Consultants is assigned to carry out the design works, preparing tender documents, carrying out EIAs and construction phase supervision consultant. The proposed development project involves renovation and restoration of Hoarafushi harbor. During the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, Hoarafushi harbor facility received extensive damages. These include damage to harbor protection walls, side walls and quay walls. Under the proposed project, new quay wall (concrete sheet piles, L section) and breakwaters (armor rocks) will be constructed at the existing foot prints. The harbor basin will also undergo maintenance dredging to -3MSL. Since the proposed project is only a restoration project, size of the harbor basin will not be increased. The concept plan is formulated in light of the new third generation harbor concept which is focused at functionality of the harbor. In this regard harbor usage components such as passenger embarking/disembarking, loading unloading area, fish landing, water and fuel recharging and mooring area will be demarcated. Hoarafushi (06° 58' 53" N and 72° 53' 48" E) is located on the west side of Ihavandhippolhu atoll, 318 km from Male’. It is approximately 27km from Dhidhdhoo which is the capital of Ha Alifu Atoll (northern most atoll in Upper North province. The existing harbor basin and facility is located at the eastern side of the island facing Ihavandhippolhu atoll basin. The project boundaries are the harbor front area, either side breakwaters, eastern side seawall and breakwater section at the harbor entrance channel. Under the proposed project maintenance dredging will be done at the basin and entrance area where necessary and this activity will generate sediment plumes east and north eastwards. Dredged material removed during the maintenance dredging works will be disposed at the western side of the island where a bay shape area is observed (surplus after reuse during reconstruction work). The existing harbor footprint will not be changed due to the proposed project, breakwaters and quay wall will be constructed at existing foot print area (apart from small section of breakwater at the western side of the harbor). Therefore the existing design of the harbor will remain as it is. The length of the harbor after completion of renovation works will be 361m and width of 88m. The length of entrance channel is approximately 150m, while width is 30m. The harbor basin will have a depth of -3MSL after completion of the restoration works. The harbor will have a total length of 523m (including side quay walls) of quay walls and 324m of rubble mound breakwater. The rubble mound breakwater will be constructed of demolished material from existing breakwaters while the main breakwaters will be of armored rocks. A small section of existing revetment wall will be retained at the eastern side of the harbor which is in good condition. Dredge material removed from the harbor basin (maintenance dredging works) will be initially stockpiled near harbor area since part of the material will be required during construction works. Part of the sediment will be used for back filling the area in between the existing quay wall and new quay wall and for filling the geo textile bags of breakwaters and side quays. Part of the sediment will also be used to level the harbor front area here a large scour pit is observed. Approximately 22000m3 of sediment will be excavated from deepening of harbor basin. A fair proportion of this sediment would be used for several aspects of harbor repair and construction work while any remains will be disposed at the erosion prone areas at the eastern side of the island. The sediment will be transported to the disposal sites on trucks, although initially sediment will be stockpiled near harbor area for construction purposes Existing environment was examined to identify significant environmental components that would be affected and to establish a baseline condition of the site. Available and relevant literature on environmental impacts associated with similar projects was evaluated to identify possible impacts. Oceanographic data and information on local hydrodynamics were qualitatively assessed to determine the current pattern around the island which was based on monsoonal wind patterns, wind generated waves, tidal flushing, geographic setting, the topography of the lagoon and shape of the shoreline. It is important to note that the most significant impact associated with the project would be impact on the marine environment from sedimentation. Dredging and excavation often carry a heavy load of sediments increasing sediment load in the water column causing discoloration due to suspended sediments of the impact area for a prolonged period. Since the project is a restoration project, the extent of sediment plum will be limited. The existing damaged breakwaters will act as bunds therefore limiting the spread of sediment fines. Since the proposed project is restoration project, environmental impacts associated with the proposed project are considered minor to moderate. The significant environmental components that are likely to be affected are the coral community established on the reef flat and changes due to maintenance dredging works. Mitigation measures are provided in the report for impacts that were categorized minor to moderate. Impact mitigation measures and monitoring is carried out to compare predicted and actual impacts occurring from project activities to determine the efficiency of the mitigation measures. It has to be noted that environmental monitoring has not been done since the completion of harbor, and extent of changes to habitat, live coral cover and shoreline is not known. Even though the project is not envisaged to cause impacts of shoreline (since construction will be done at existing footprint), it is important to monitor shoreline changes. The IDC and harbor committee stated that the size of harbor has to be increased due to increase of vessels and size of vessels. Since the project is a restoration project funded by a loan the scope of work is limited. Although the community stressed the issue of harbor expansion the community was in consent to the proposed project. The existing harbor facility was badly damaged during the 2004 tsunami and is in urgent need of repairs. With due consideration to main environmental components identified and the magnitude of impacts on these components from the proposed developments, the consultant concludes that the project components and designs are feasible and appropriate mitigation measures are given to correct and minimize unfavorable environmental consequences. Furthermore, the public and community consultation responses were in favor of the project due to the socio-economic benefits foreseen to the community from a more functional harbor.Item EIA report for restoration of K Dhiffushi Harbour under construction of harbours for tsunami victims project(2010-08-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThis Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is to fulfill the regulatory requirements under the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives prior to the proposed harbor restoration at Dhiffushi in Kaafu Atoll. Dhiffushi harbor restoration project is part of the Construction of Harbors for Tsunami Victims Project. This restoration project involves repair of harbors at 10 islands. The project is funded by a joint loan taken from Islamic Development Bank (IDB), the Saudi Government and Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) by the government of Maldives. The design consultancy was awarded to Alhabshi Consultants Office, a Kuwaiti Company in association with Riyan Pvt Ltd (a Maldivian company). The Agreement for consultancy was signed on 6th November 2008 between the Government of Maldives and Alhabshi Consultant. Project proponent of the proposed harbor restoration project is Ministry of Housing, Transport and Environment. The project was bided as a design and consultancy project. The main design consulting company Alhabhsi Consultants is assigned to carry out the design works, preparing tender documents, carrying out EIAs and construction phase supervision consultant. The proposed development project involves renovation and restoration of Dhiffushi harbor. During the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, Dhiffushi harbor facility received extensive damages. These include damage to harbor protection walls, side walls and quay walls. Under the proposed project, new quay wall (concrete sheet piles, L section) and breakwaters (armor rocks) will be constructed at the existing foot prints. The harbor basin will also undergo maintenance dredging to -3MSL. The existing entrance channel will be reoriented to the deep passage between Meerufenfushi and Dhiffushi at the northern side. Since the proposed project is only a restoration project, basin size will not be increased. The concept plan is formulated in light of the new third generation harbor concept which is focused at functionality of the harbor. In this regard harbor usage components such as passenger embarking/disembarking, loading unloading area, fish landing, water and fuel recharging and mooring area will be demarcated. Dhiffushi is located north Male atoll, 36km from Male’. It is just about 0.37km from Meerufenfushi. In terms of geographic coordinates, it is located at 04° 26' 33" N and 73° 42' 49" E. Nearest inhabited island is Thulusdhoo approximately 9.4km south of Dhiffushi. The reef system hosting Dhiffushi and Meerufenfushi also hosts Kudavillingili (presently leashed for resort development). The reef system is approximately 12km long, 3.91km wide at the widest and 1.8km long at the narrowest area. The reef system has two deep lagoons, from which deep lagoon near kudavillingili is smallest. The deep lagoon near Dhiffushi is approximately 9.3km long separated by a small strip of shallow lagoon from the smaller deep lagoon. Numerous coral/rock heads are observed at the western side of Meerufenfushi and Dhiffushi at the deep lagoon area. The existing harbor facility is located at the eastern side of the island, while the entrance channel is located at the western side run between Meerufenfushi and Dhiffushi and run connected to northern side of harbor. The project boundaries are the harbor front area, either side breakwaters, deep passage between Meerufenfushi and Dhiffushi and entrance channel area. Under the proposed project maintenance dredging will be done at the basin and entrance area where necessary, while western side access point will be redirected to align to the deep passage. These activities will generate sediment plumes west wards. Dredged material removed during the maintenance dredging works will be disposed at the SE, NW and western central area of the (surplus after reuse during reconstruction work). The existing harbor footprint will not be changed due to the proposed project, breakwaters and quay wall will be constructed at existing foot print area (apart from small section of breakwater at the southern side of the harbor). Therefore the existing design of the harbor will remain as it is. The length of the harbor after completion of renovation works will be 188m and width 87m. The length of entrance channel is approximately 1030m, while width is 30m near harbor area and 50m at the northern side. The harbor basin will have a depth of - 3MSL after completion of the restoration works. The harbor will have a total length of 280m of breakwater. The breakwater also includes a 50m length area sheltering the boat yard area at the southern side of the island. Dredge material removed from the harbor basin (maintenance dredging works and entrance reorientation works) will be initially stockpiled near harbor area since part of the material will be required during construction works. Part of the sediment will be used for back filling the harbor front area and T Jetty areas. Sediment will also be used for construction of quay wall and breakwaters (geo-textile bags filled with dredged spoil. Approximately 5500m3 of sediment will be used for construction works while rest will be disposed at the erosion prone areas at the SE, NW and westerns central area of the island. The sediment will be transported to the disposal sites on trucks, although initially sediment will be stockpiled near harbor area for construction purposes. Approximately 31,000m3 of dredge material will be removed from the harbor basin and entrance channel. Existing environment was examined to identify significant environmental components that would be affected and to establish a baseline condition of the site. Available and relevant literature on environmental impacts associated with similar projects was evaluated to identify possible impacts. Oceanographic data and information on local hydrodynamics were qualitatively assessed to determine the current pattern around the island which was based on monsoonal wind patterns, wind generated waves, tidal flushing, geographic setting, the topography of the lagoon and shape of the shoreline. Three sites area surveyed for assessing the reef condition, site one was located at the eastern side of the island at a sea grass meadow, site two was located at the rock head in between Meerufenfushi and Dhiffushi while site was located at a knoll near the mouth of deep passage between Meerufenfushi and Dhiffushi. Live coral cover at site one and two was very low, while at site (knoll) live coral cover was approximately 15%. It is important to note that the most significant impact associated with the project would be impact on the marine environment from sedimentation. Dredging and excavation often carry a heavy load of sediments increasing sediment load in the water column causing discoloration due to suspended sediments of the impact area for a prolonged period. Since the project is a restoration project, the extent of sediment plum will be limited at the harbor basin area, whereas the entrance channel area two rock heads are needed to be deepened. The sediment plume is envisaged to be directed towards western deep lagoon. Since the proposed project is restoration project, environmental impacts associated with the proposed project are considered minor to moderate. The significant environmental components that are likely to be affected are the coral community established knolls at the deep lagoon due to maintenance dredging works. Mitigation measures are provided in the report for impacts that were categorized minor to moderate. Impact mitigation measures and monitoring is carried out to compare predicted and actual impacts occurring from project activities to determine the efficiency of the mitigation measures. It has to be noted that environmental monitoring has not been done since the completion of harbor, and extent of changes to habitat, live coral cover and shoreline is not known. Even though the project is not envisaged to cause impacts of shoreline (since construction will be done at existing footprint), it is important to monitor shoreline changes. The main issue raised in the consultation meeting at Dhiffushi by the IDC was the issue of entrance channel. According to the IDC the entrance channel segment at the northern side of the island was filled up and shallow even before the tsunami. According to the IDC the main reason for this is due to close proximity to the northern tip of island. At present community uses the natural deep passage between Meerufenfushi and Dhiffushi to access the eastern side of entrance channel. The IDC also stated that two rock heads at the deep passage has to be deepened to allow safe navigation during night and at periods when current is strong at the passage. With due consideration to main environmental components identified and the magnitude of impacts on these components from the proposed developments, the consultant concludes that the project components and designs are feasible and appropriate mitigation measures are given to correct and minimize unfavorable environmental consequences. Furthermore, the public and community consultation responses were in favor of the project due to the socio-economic benefits foreseen to the community from a functional harbor.Item EIA report for restoration of K. Kaashidhoo harbour under construction of harbours for Tsunami Victims Project(2010-11-07) Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group1. This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is to fulfill the regulatory requirements under the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives prior to the proposed harbor restoration at Kaashidhoo in Kaafu Atoll. 2. Kaashidhoo harbor restoration project is part of the Construction of Harbors for Tsunami Victims Project. This restoration project involves repair of harbors at 10 islands. The project is funded by a joint loan taken from Islamic Development Bank (IDB), the Saudi Government and Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) by the government of Maldives. The design consultancy was awarded to Alhabshi Consultants Office, a Kuwaiti Company in association with Riyan Pvt Ltd (a Maldivian company). The Agreement for consultancy was signed on 6th November 2008 between the Government of Maldives and Alhabshi Consultant. 3. Project proponent of the proposed harbor restoration project is Ministry of Housing and Environment. The project was bided as a design and consultancy project. The main design consulting company Alhabhsi Consultants is assigned to carry out the design works, preparing tender documents, carrying out EIAs and construction phase supervision consultant. 4. The proposed development project involves renovation and restoration of Kaashidhoo harbor. During the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, Kaashidhoo harbor facility received extensive damages. These include damage to harbor quay walls and basin. Under the proposed project, new quay wall (concrete sheet piles, L section) and breakwaters (armor rocks) will be constructed. The harbor basin and entrance channel will also undergo maintenance dredging to -3MSL. Since the proposed project is only a restoration project, basin size will not be increased. The concept plan is formulated in light of the new third generation harbor concept which is focused at functionality of the harbor. In this regard harbor usage components such as passenger embarking/disembarking, loading unloading area, fish landing, water and fuel recharging and mooring area will be demarcated. 5. The island of Kaashidhoo lies at the eastern side of the Kardiva Channel, located 20 km north from the small Gaafaru atoll and 30 km southeast from Faadhippolhu. The formation consists of an approximately rectangular-shaped island that is situated on the southeastern side of a reef-fringed platform. Measuring 2.9 km in length and around 1 km in width, the island covers an area of 2.75 km2, making it the largest island of Male' Atoll and the fifth largest island of the entire Maldivian archipelago. The island is located at 04° 57' 20" N and 73° 27' 53" E. 6. The existing harbor facility is located at the north western side of the island facing the western quadrant. The site boundaries are harbor area and entrance channel area. The harbor facility will undergo maintenance dredging; a breakwater will be constructed at the western side of harbor. Maintenance dredging will not be required for the entire length of entrance channel, but only at the shallow areas. 7. The existing harbor footprint will not be changed due to the proposed project (area loss by putting near quay wall in front of existing one will be adjusted from breakwater area), side quay wall will be constructed at existing foot print, and a new breakwater will be constructed (existing harbor facility is without a breakwater). Therefore the existing design of the harbor will remain as it is. The length of the harbor after completion of renovation works will be 215.5m and width 85m. The existing entrance will be used after maintenance dredging. The length of entrance channel is approximately 2500m, while width is 30m. The harbor basin and entrance channel will have a depth of -3MSL after completion of the restoration works. 8. The harbor will have a total length of 252.18m of breakwater at the western side. The breakwater will be constructed of armor stones and remains of demolished quay wall (where significant damage is observed) will be used as core. The side quays will have a total length of 120m of type 2 design quay wall, while the main quay will have a length of 215.5m. 9. Dredge material removed from the harbor basin (maintenance dredging works) and entrance will be initially stockpiled near harbor area since part of the material will be required during construction works. Part of the sediment will be used for back filling the area in between the existing quay wall and new quay wall and for filling the geo textile bags of breakwaters and side quays. Approximately 6,000m3 (used as core for breakwater, filling area in between new and old quay wall and filling geo-textile bags of main quay wall and side quay walls) of sediment will be used of the construction work while rest will be disposed southern side of harbor (1000m3). The sediment will be transported to the disposal sites on trucks, although initially sediment will be stockpiled near harbor area for construction purposes. Approximately 9,000m3 of dredge material will be removed from the harbor basin and entrance channel. 10. Two sites are surveyed for assessing the reef condition, site one was located at the northern side of entrance near mouth of entrance (westerns side of reef) while site two was located at sea grass meadow western side of harbor. Live coral cover at site one was approximately 20%, while at site two was very low. 11. It is important to note that the most significant impact associated with the project would be impact on the marine environment from sedimentation. Dredging and excavation often carry a heavy load of sediments increasing sediment load in the water column causing discoloration due to suspended sediments of the impact area for a prolonged period. Since the project is a restoration project, the extent of sediment plum will be limited at the harbor basin area, while entrance channel area required for deepening is within the lagoon area and far from reef flat area. 12. Since the proposed project is restoration project, environmental impacts associated with the proposed project are considered minor to moderate. 13. Mitigation measures are provided in the report for impacts that were categorized minor to moderate. Impact mitigation measures and monitoring is carried out to compare predicted and actual impacts occurring from project activities to determine the efficiency of the mitigation measures. It has to be noted that environmental monitoring has not been done since the completion of harbor, and extent of changes to habitat, live coral cover and shoreline is not known. Even though the project is not envisaged to cause impacts on shoreline (since construction will be done at existing footprint), it is important to monitor shoreline changes. 14. The main issue raised in the consultation meeting at Kaashidhoo by the IDC was the issue of entrance channel, expansion of harbor and shifting of harbor 30ft inside basin area to widen the harbor front road. 15. With due consideration to main environmental components identified and the magnitude of impacts on these components from the proposed developments, the consultant concludes that the project components and designs are feasible and appropriate mitigation measures are given to correct and minimize unfavorable environmental consequences. Furthermore, the public and community consultation responses were in favor of the project due to the socioeconomic benefits foreseen to the community from a functional harbor.Item Enviromental impact assessment : development of sewerage system at Naifaru, Lhaviyani Atoll(2017-01-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction of a sewage collection and disposal system at Lh. Naifaru. The proponent of this project is the Ministry of Environment and Energy and total estimated cost of the project is USD 4 million. The project involves establishment of a gravity type wastewater collection, treatment and disposal system on Naifaru. The sewerage system to be set up comprises a gravity sewerage system where sloping pipelines will allow waste water from the entire island to flow to four zonal pumping stations. The pumping stations will transfer the sewage collected through a pressure main to the sewage treatment plant. The sewerage system shall comprise of elements of a given specification for sewer mains, cleanouts, manholes, vents, pump stations, outfall pipeline and diffuser that will ensure a 30 year design flow. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and operational impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar projects. Impacts were analysed for their significance with the aid of a Leopold Matrix. In any development project, major direct impacts to the environment occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment from the proposed project include: Major significant impacts to the groundwater resource during trenching works; Physical damage to live coral due to trampling during pipe laying works; Impact due to air and noise pollution during construction work; Impact on marine environment due to wastewater discharge; and Positive impact on social wellbeing and health Mitigation measures are discussed for the activities which would have potential impacts during the construction and operational phase of the project. In general, during the construction stage it is important to use a method of construction which has the least impact on the environment. Specific xii measures highlighted include following of established guidelines when carrying out excavation works and dewatering. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing these alternatives:- Design of system; Preferred method of STP; and Outfall location The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, this also means that method of sewage disposal on the island of Naifaru would remain the same, thus leading to further contamination of the groundwater resource of the island. Additionally, it would also mean increased health risks faced by the community due to the use of contaminated water and the loss of potential additional job creation during the operation of the service. The environmental impacts predicted for the project are moderate, hence the benefits of establishing the system, though with a cost to the environment is seen to be far more beneficial than the cancellation of the project, as the health risks faced by the community is not something that should and can be overlooked. Therefore, the “no-project” scenario is not a feasible solution and it is recommended that the project be continued, but with the proper implementation of all mitigation measures proposed in the report. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 10 of the report.Item Enviromental impact assessment : Development of sewerage system at Thulusdhoo, Male’ Atoll(2017-02-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction of a sewage collection and disposal system at K. Thulusdhoo. The proponent of this project is the Ministry of Environment and Energy and total estimated cost of the project is USD 3.4 million. The project involves establishment of a gravity type wastewater collection, treatment and disposal system on Thulusdhoo. The sewerage system to be set up comprises a gravity sewerage system where sloping pipelines will allow waste water from the entire island to flow to four zonal pumping stations. The pumping stations will transfer the sewage collected through a pressure main to the sewage treatment plant. The sewerage system shall comprise of elements of a given specification for sewer mains, cleanouts, manholes, vents, pump stations, outfall pipeline and diffuser that will ensure a 30 year design flow. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and operational impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar projects. Impacts were analysed for their significance with the aid of a Leopold Matrix. In any development project, major direct impacts to the environment occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment from the proposed project include: Major significant impacts to the groundwater resource during trenching works; Physical damage to live coral due to trampling during pipe laying works; Impact due to air and noise pollution during construction work; Impact on marine environment due to wastewater discharge; and Positive impact on social wellbeing and health Mitigation measures are discussed for the activities which would have potential impacts during the construction and operational phase of the project. In general, during the construction stage it is important to use a method of construction which has the least impact on the environment. Specific xi measures highlighted include following of established guidelines when carrying out excavation works and dewatering. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing these alternatives:- Design of system; Preferred method of STP; and Type of Aerobic treatment plant Outfall location The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, this also means that method of sewage disposal on the island of Thulusdhoo would remain the same, thus leading to further contamination of the groundwater resource of the island. Additionally, it would also mean increased health risks faced by the community due to the use of contaminated water and the loss of potential additional job creation during the operation of the service. The environmental impacts predicted for the project are minor to moderate, hence the benefits of establishing the system, though with a cost to the environment is seen to be far more beneficial than the cancellation of the project, as the health risks faced by the community is not something that should and can be overlooked. Therefore, the “no-project” scenario is not a feasible solution and it is recommended that the project be continued, but with the proper implementation of all mitigation measures proposed in the report. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 10 of the reportItem Environment impact assessment for flood mitigation and reclamation works at Fares-Maathoda, Gdh Atoll(2013-02) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment for the development of flood mitigation measures at Fares-Maathodaa in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll in the South of Maldives. The island is susceptible to flooding due to storm surges and powerful swells and was one of the worst affected islands during the powerful swells which hit the Maldives in 2007, with the entire island of Fares and one third of Maathodaa being flooded. Hence the need for proper flood mitigation measures is crucial in order to ensure the safety of the community of the island during possible similar events which may occur in the future. The project proponent of this project is United Nations Office for Project Services, who were requested by United Nations Development Programme to provide support of developing a comprehensive coastal protection and drainage management support approach to the southern island of Fares-Maathodaa. This project is part of a climate change package from the Danish Government of about $10 million to UNDP. The bid for the provision of consultancy services for carrying out detailed designs for flood mitigating measures at Fares-Maathodaa Island was won by Lanka Hydraulic Institute Ltd (LHI) (and their local counterpart, Riyan Pvt Ltd) and UNI Consulting Services. After conducting a study at the site and undertaking numerical modeling of five engineering interventions which were then proposed to UNOPS and the Government of Maldives it has been decided to construct a continuous offshore breakwater structure of length 734 m, joining the headlands of Fares and Maathodaa on the southwestern side of the island. Physical modeling was then conducted on this option. The breakwater would be constructed using armour rocks of varying sizes and weights which have been chosen based on their ability to resist extreme wave conditions without significant displacement. The core of the breakwater will be filled with dredge material obtained from within the enclosed lagoon area. The project also involves the reclamation of the enclosed lagoon area of 191,700 m2, though this component will be carried out as a second phase of the project, within a short duration of completion of the breakwater construction. Details of this phase will be addressed in a separate report formulated prior to commencement of this project. The construction of the breakwater will be undertaken by UNOPS, while reclamation will be funded and undertaken by the Government of Maldives.Item Environment impact assessment for the construction of weather mast at Hoarafushi, HA. Atoll(2016-03) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction of a 77m (with the instrument boom and lightning arrester total hight will be 82m) high weather mast at HA. Hoarafushi for collection of wind data. The proponent of the proposed project is Ministry of Environment and Energy. The total estimated cost of this project is USO 191,000.00. . This project is a component of "Renewable Energy Resource Mapping and Geo-spatial Resource Mapping - Maldives Project". The current works are part of second phase of the project which involves data collection for 24 months at several locations around Maldives for developing a validated mesoscale wind atlas for the Maldives. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives The proposed project is not expected to have any impacts during the operational phase. The Impacts on the environment from various activities of the construction work have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant. Mitigation measures have also been identified for impacts. Impact analysis was done using the Leopold matrix. Impact analysis showed that impact due to the project was minor and on various parameters of the terrestrial environment such as vegetation and groundwater. Mitigation measures are discussed in the report for potential impacts. Given the scope of the project the only possible alternatives for the project was a no-project scenario or alternative location for construction of tower. The "do-nothing" option or no project scenario would mean that the data requirement for the wind model will not be available and alternative island to be selected. The selection of the island is made based on phase one of the project which identified locations for data points spread around the island for modeling purposes. Since renewable energy ventures and development of the sector is a policy of government it is essential to undertake all data collection and feasibility studies to be able to make an informed decision. Furthermore the project is a grant from World Bank and government is required to fulfill its obligation in facilitating the project. Therefore given that the benefits of project are high and environmental impacts are low, the no project scenario is rejected.Item Environment impact assessment study shoreline rehabilitation and protection measures at Sun Island Resort and Spa(2011-02) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupSun Island Resort, owned by Villa Pte Ltd, Maldives is one of the largest resort hotels in the Maldives. The resort at large has a wide sandy beach around the island that is maintained by periodic beach replenishment works undertaken by the management of the resort. One of the main features for which the tourists visit Maldivian tourist resorts is the soft sandy beaches of the islands. Significant changes to the shoreline of Sun Island have been reported since 2006. Beach toe demarcation surveys carried out in 2006 and 2010 when compared show that the beach has receded several meters (reduction in beach width) especially on the northern side of the island. This report describes proposed coastal protection measures and their related environmental impacts. The shore rehabilitation works include about 800 meters length of beach replenishment in the northern side of the island, where erosion and beach loss has been most severe. With general reduction in beach area the entire northern side beach has receded from 0.3m to almost 20m as indicated by the beach toe surveys in 2006 and 2010 respectively. To ascertain a beach width of approximately 10m for the proposed length of 800m it is estimated that approximately 25000m3 of sand is required. This volume estimation was based on the beach profiles measured on the north beach face. The sand for the proposed beach fill will be burrowed from two specific locations; deepening of the existing harbor and a burrow area on the north eastern sandy lagoon. Dredging to work will be carried out by a cutter suction dredger of Model IHC Beaver 1600C or similar Environmental condition of the site in terms of near shore coastal hydrodynamics, bio physical condition of the reef has been carried in the context of proposed activities and their related impacts. Evaluation of the environmental condition of the site, the environmental condition at the site based on the hydrodynamic studies, physical environmental characteristic at the site with respect to the proposed activities and their magnitude lead to conclude that the proposed beach replenishment and coastal protection works at the specified areas can be carried out without significant environmental impacts. Environmental impacts of concern associated with the project are mainly sedimentation resulting from the dredging activities. Measures to minimize these impacts have been proposed. It is noted that the exact behavior of the beach after beach will and coastal protection works will be difficult to determine. Therefore a specific monitoring program has been proposed to ensure that appropriated timed shoreline surveys are carried out both before and after (at frequent intervals for appropriate time) so that such information is used for future replenishment worksItem Environmental audit for : environmental impact assessment for the construction of a seawall and development of the coral tray project(2011-09-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupItem Environmental audit for: environmental impact assessment for the construction of a seawall and development of the Coral Tray project(2011-09) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupItem Environmental audit report : Taj Coral Reef Maldives (Hembadhoo, North Male Atoll) : powerhouse registrations(2011-10) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupItem Environmental audit report for powerhouse registration at Taj Coral Reef Maldives, Hembadhoo, North Male Atoll(2011-10) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupVivanta by Taj-Coral Reef resort is always seeking ways to provide a better service to its customers. Thereby the resort is about to upgrade the existing powerhouse to provide reliable power and to meet the future power demands of the resort. This report provides the status of the existing environment and assesses the possible measures which could be undertaken to minimize any impact on the environment by the operation of the power facility. Currently the powerhouse is operated under a provisional license from Maldives Energy Authority for the operation of tourist resorts. This island is equipped with all the necessary equipment and facilities required for providing quality services to tourists who arrive at the island. Figure 1 shows the resort with the water villas.The purpose of this Environment Audit (EA) report is to meet the regulations of Maldives Energy Authority (MEA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on the registration of power generation facilities at the Vivanta by Taj-Coral Reef resort. This EA would attempt to assess the type of project, its impacts on the environment and potential mitigation options to meet the requirements of MEA and EPA on operation of power generation facility. A Term of Reference (TOR) specifying component of the report was drawn in accordance to the EIA regulation of Maldives. Copy of the TOR is given in Appendix 1. Similarly a copy of the MEA regulation with regard to powerhouse registration is given in Appendix 2.Item Environmental audit report for registration of desalination plant at Adaaran Select Meedhupparu, Maldives(2011-08) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupItem Environmental audit report for the registration of desalination plant at Veligandu Island Resort & Spa, AA. Veligandu, Maldives(2011-10) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThis Environmental Audit report assesses the environmental components associated with the operation of existing desalination plant at Veligandu Island Resort & Spa North Aril atoll. This report cover specific impact areas resulting from the desalination plant as outlined in the Terms of reference provided by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of Maldives. These specifics are in accordance with the environmental compliance that has to be followed for the registration of Water Section of EPA (Appendix 1). In addition to this water section of EPA also requires the proponent to provide specific technical information when desalination plants are registered as specified in their regulation. A copy of this regulation is given in Appendix 2. Veligandu resort is located in the North Ari Atoll and it is operated as a tourist resort by the Crown Company Pvt. Ltd. The resort consists of 83 rooms; 17 Beach Villa and 55 Water Villa. This environment audit is in accordance with the requirement of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines. EPA requires submitting an Environmental Impact Assessment report in applying for registration for desalination plant. The desalination in the island has been operating under the provisional license for the operation of tourist resort at Veligandu Island. This island is equipped with all the necessary equipment all the facilities which require for providing quality services to tourists who arrive the island. The existing desalination plant produce the water required to meet the demand of the island.Item Environmental audit report registration of desalination plant at Adaaran Vadoo Prestige, South Male’ Atoll(2011-10) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupItem Environmental impact assessment (EIA) report : 13 storey parliament building extension project(2011-12) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThis report is an Environmental Impact Assessment Report for the proposed 13 storey building as an extension to the existing Parliament Building. This document has been produced to fulfill the requirements under Article 5 of the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act (4/93) of the Maldives and has been structured to meet the requirements of the EIA Regulations 2007. EPA circular number EPA (203)-EIA/IU/2010/4 states that building projects exceeding 10 storey’s requires an EIA. The proposed project involves construction of a 13 storey building thus exceeding the 10 storey limit. The existing Parliament Building is situated at a 4635 square meter plot located at the corner of Medhuziyaaraiy Magu and Hakuraa Goalhi in Henveiru district of Male’ with a 2 storey building of area of 1765 square meters . The Secretariat of the People’s Majlis, as the Client, has proposed to develop a thirteen storey building with a finished height of 45m. The ground floor will be used as a parking area/general administrative use and for and other outlets. The first floor will be used for general use and will house the catering and related sections as well as a lounge for members. The second floor is to be used as a main hall for the parliament meeting with additional area for Management and Administrative use. Floors 3 and 4 will be used as separate office areas for the members. Floors 5 to 11 will mainly house the committee and meeting rooms while the 12th floor will house the gymnasium and other recreational areas. The existing Parliament Building does not have sufficient space for meetings of individual committees and public meetings to be held at the same time when the need arises. This is needed for more efficient running of the Majlis. The new building will house individual sub-committee meeting rooms and will have abundant space for larger meetings should the need arise. Physical environment components such as soil and adjacent building conditions were assessed by structural engineers of Riyan Pvt Ltd and EIA consultant respectively. The social assessment was carried out together with the structure assessment of the adjacent buildings. Visual walk through inspection of buildings in the 30m radius of the project site was conducted to assess the current structural condition of existing structures and identify the potential hazards. Groundwater sample was collected at the plot and tested in-situ using Hanna multi probe water test meter (HI 9828). Noise was measured using Precision Gold Mini Sound Level Meter (N05CC) with a measuring range of 30-150dB and accuracy within ±1.5dB. Social assessments carried out include consultations with responsible persons of all households within a 30m radius of the proposed development property. The identification of uses of groundwater and also briefing about the nature of the project and possible impacts was included during these consultations. Traffic counts were also made at the junction of Hithaffinivaa Magu and Hakuraa Goalhi. The project is estimated to be completed within 30 months. Demolition work has already been completed and once the environmental clearance is granted by EPA, excavation and foundation casting works will be commenced. The excavation work together with foundation protection measures is estimated to take 35 days. Foundation work (including foam work, arrangement of raft components and dewatering) is estimated to last 28 days. Once the foundation and starter columns are cast, the work on floor slab casting will be commenced (26 days per slab) The raft foundation of 13 storey building is to be laid at 1800mm below the natural ground level. The required bearing pressure for the foundation is 180kN/m2 and the Contractor shall be responsible for all necessary soil testing to ensure that it is within the allowable bearing pressure. Prior to excavation barriers/boarding will be put up at 600mm away from the edge of the proposed construction. Overhead and other visible sign boards will be used to warn off pedestrians and other users. Foundation protection method proposed by the Engineer is to be using 6mm thick 2.4m long and 1.2m wide steel sheets horizontally between 100mm equal angles (as soldiers) driven at 800 centers. The soldiers will be propped in all feasible directions. This foundation protection process will be continued until all four sides of the excavation are support. The total volume of sand to be excavated from the site is approximately 1228m3. The excavation will be done using a back hoe excavator and all excavated material will be transported to a disposal area or nearby empty land. De-watering will be continued throughout until casting of the foundation. Two pumps each with the flow rate of 10-12 litres per second will be located at specific locations to pump out the water to the temporary junctions provided by the MWSC. Dewatering will be timed during a period of the year when rain fall is less or there is no rainfall (NE monsoon). This is to avoid rainwater percolating into the soil beneath the foundations of adjacent buildings. If this happens, the water could loosen the soil particles and reduce its shear strength. Traffic load at the junction between Hithaffinivaa Magu and Hakuraa Goalhi was assessed by counting number of vehicles crossing the junction at assumed peak hours. In this regard traffic counts were carried out on the 21st of December 2011 from 8:30-9:30, 12:30-13:30 and 16:30-17:30. Highest number of vehicles was recorded during the 12:30-13:30 peak hour, while 8:30 -9:30 was the lowest There are no national standards for air quality by any relevant authorities such as Ministry of Transport and Communication or Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The primary source of pollution that is likely to contribute to air quality is exhaust fumes from transport vehicles (marine and land), engines associated with power generation and other mechanized machinery and heavy equipment such as those associated with the construction industry. Impacts on the human and physical environment from various activities of the construction work have been identified through interviews with the residents within 30m radius of Majlis plot (radius taken from proposed building corners), field data collection and surveys (traffic counts, noise level and ground water assessment) and based on past experience in similar development projects (experienced engineers who have designed and worked in similar projects). Possible impacts arising from the construction work are categorized into reversible and permanent (irreversible) impacts. The impacts identified are also described according to their location, extent (magnitude) and characteristics Reversible and irreversible impacts are further categorized by intensity of impacts (negligible, minor, moderate and major) for identifying best possible remedial (mitigation measures) actions to be taken. Air pollution due to the proposed project would arise from the use of concrete machines, machinery used for cutting tiles, grinders, cutting tools (timber saw) and dust from cement work, sand blasting process in plastering and wall putty application. Construction projects, especially building construction projects often generates significant amount of solid waste. These include packing material, excess or reject material, sand excavated during foundation works, excess metal, excess electrical wire, conduits, damaged or excess tiles and used timber. There are a number of actions that can be taken to minimize the identified impacts. Mitigation measures are proposed based on discussions and consultations during this EIA with the project engineers and from the past experience of the consultant. Mitigation measures are selected to reduce or eliminate the severity of any predicted adverse environmental effects and improve the overall social and environmental performance of the project. Mitigation measures are discussed for the construction stage only since no significant operation impacts are envisaged in such projects apart from maintenance works. During the construction stage it is important to take measures to minimize dust spread, assess adjacent building condition during dewatering and monitor groundwater shortages.Item Environmental impact assessment : development of sewerage system at Veymandoo, Thaa Atoll(2017-01-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupBackground The non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction of a sewage collection and disposal system at Th. Veymandoo. The proponent of this project is the Ministry of Environment and Energy and total estimated cost of the project is approximately USD 2.7 million. The project involves establishment of a gravity type wastewater collection, treatment and disposal system in Th. Veymandoo. The sewerage system to be set up comprises a gravity sewerage system where sloping pipelines will allow waste water from the entire island to flow to three zonal pumping stations. The pumping stations will transfer the sewage collected through a pressure main to the sewage treatment plant. The sewerage system shall comprise of elements of a given specification for sewer mains, cleanouts, manholes, vents, pump stations, outfall pipeline and diffuser that will ensure a 30 year design flow. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and operational impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar projects. Impacts were analysed for their significance with the aid of a Leopold Matrix. In any development project, major direct impacts to the environment occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment from the proposed project include: Impacts to the groundwater resource during trenching works; Physical damage to live coral due to trampling during pipe laying works; Impact on vegetation due to the need to cut down vegetation located at the plots allocated for construction of infrastructure; Impact due to air and noise pollution during construction work; Impact on marine environment due to wastewater discharge; and Positive impact on social wellbeing and health Mitigation measures are discussed for the activities which would have potential impacts during the construction and operational phase of the project. In general, during the construction stage it is xiii important to use a method of construction which has the least impact on the environment. Specific measures highlighted include following of established guidelines when carrying out excavation works and dewatering. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing these alternatives:- Design of wastewater disposal system Method of STP Aerobic treatment plant option Outfall discharge location The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, this also means that method of sewage disposal on the island of Veymandoo would remain the same, thus leading to further contamination of the groundwater resource of the island. Additionally, it would also mean increased health risks faced by the community due to the use of contaminated water and the loss of potential additional job creation during the operation of the service. The environmental impacts predicted for the project are moderate, hence the benefits of establishing the system, though with a cost to the environment is seen to be far more beneficial than the cancellation of the project, as the health risks faced by the community is not something that should and can be overlooked. Therefore, the “no-project” scenario is not a feasible solution and it is recommended that the project be continued, but with the proper implementation of all mitigation measures proposed in the report. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 10 of the report.Item Environmental impact assessment : development of sewerage system at Himmafushi, Kaafu Atoll(2017-03-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupBackground The non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction of a sewage collection and disposal system at K. Himmafushi. The proponent of this project is the Ministry of Environment and Energy and total estimated cost of the project is USD 3.2 million. The project involves establishment of a gravity type wastewater collection, treatment and disposal system on Himmafushi. The sewerage system to be set up comprises a gravity sewerage system where sloping pipelines will allow waste water from the entire island to flow to four zonal pumping stations. The pumping stations will transfer the sewage collected through a pressure main to the sewage treatment plant. The sewerage system shall comprise of elements of a given specification for sewer mains, cleanouts, manholes, vents, pump stations, outfall pipeline and diffuser that will ensure a 30 year design flow. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and operational impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar projects. Impacts were analysed for their significance with the aid of a Leopold Matrix. In any development project, major direct impacts to the environment occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment from the proposed project include: Major significant impacts to the groundwater resource during trenching works; Physical damage to live coral due to trampling during pipe laying works; Impact due to air and noise pollution during construction work; Impact on marine environment due to wastewater discharge; and Positive impact on social wellbeing and health Mitigation measures are discussed for the activities which would have potential impacts during the construction and operational phase of the project. In general, during the construction stage it is important to use a method of construction which has the least impact on the environment. Specific xii measures highlighted include following of established guidelines when carrying out excavation works and dewatering. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 12 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing these alternatives:- Design of system; Preferred method of STP; and Location of STP and Outfall The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, this also means that method of sewage disposal on the island of Himmafushi would remain the same, thus leading to further contamination of the groundwater resource of the island. Additionally, it would also mean increased health risks faced by the community due to the use of contaminated water and the loss of potential additional job creation during the operation of the service. The environmental impacts predicted for the project are moderate, hence the benefits of establishing the system, though with a cost to the environment is seen to be far more beneficial than the cancellation of the project, as the health risks faced by the community is not something that should and can be overlooked. Therefore, the “no-project” scenario is not a feasible solution and it is recommended that the project be continued, but with the proper implementation of all mitigation measures proposed in the report. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 11 of the reportItem Environmental impact assessment : development of sewerage system at Hithadhoo, Addu City(2017-04-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group1.1 Background The non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction of a sewage collection and disposal system at the northern and southern regions of Hithadhoo, Addu City. The proponent of this project is the Ministry of Environment and Energy and total estimated cost of the project is approximately MVR 100 million. The proposed sewerage network scheme for the island is a Conventional Sewage System with a gravity flow networks integrated pump stations (13 in total), a pressure network leading to a disposal pumping station and pumping out the effluent to the sea via sea outfall. The installation of a sewerage treatment plant is planned for a later phase of this project and once installed, the pressure lines from disposal pumping station shall bypass to sewerage treatment plant and pump out the effluent through the same sea outfall. 1.2 Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and operational impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar projects. Impacts were analysed for their significance with the aid of a Leopold Matrix. In any development project, major direct impacts to the environment occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment from the proposed project include: Impacts to the groundwater resource during trenching works; Physical damage to live coral due to trampling during pipe laying works; Impact on the designated Marine Protected Area, which is located near the project site on the northern region Impact on vegetation due to the need to cut down vegetation located at the plots allocated for construction of infrastructure; Impact due to air and noise pollution during construction work; Impact on marine environment due to wastewater discharge; and Positive impact on social wellbeing and health Mitigation measures are discussed for the activities which would have potential impacts during the construction and operational phase of the project. In general, during the construction stage it is important to use a method of construction which has the least impact on the environment. Specific measures highlighted include following of established guidelines when carrying out excavation works and dewatering. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing these alternatives:- Design of wastewater disposal system Outfall discharge location As mentioned, the northern region outfall is within close proximity of the protected area (approximately 100m south) and thus has the potential to have a negative impact on this area due to continuous discharge of untreated wastewater. One of the key outcomes of the Stakeholder Consultations was that EPA will not allow any impact to the protected area and hence the need for an alternative means of sewage disposal for the northern region is required. The proponent has now agreed to reroute the pressure line from the northern side to the southern side and use the southern zone outfall for disposal of waste water. The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, this also means that method of sewage disposal on the island of Hithadhoo (areas that are not included in vacuum system wastewater collection network) would remain the same, thus leading to further contamination of the groundwater resource of the island. Additionally, it would also mean increased health risks faced by the community due to the use of contaminated water and the loss of potential additional job creation during the operation of the service. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 10 of the report. The environmental impacts predicted for the project are moderate, hence the benefits of establishing the system, though with a cost to the environment is seen to be far more beneficial than the cancellation of the project, as the health risks faced by the community is not something that should and can be overlooked. Therefore, the “no-project” scenario is not a feasible solution and it is recommended that the project be continued, but with the proper implementation of all mitigation measures and selected alternatives proposed in the report.Item Environmental impact assessment : development of sewerage system at Nolhivaranfaru Haa Dhaalu Atoll(2017-03-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupBackground The non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction of a sewage collection and disposal system at Hdh. Nolhivaranfaru. The proponent of this project is the Ministry of Environment and Energy and total estimated cost of the project is MRF 50.7 million (approximately USD 3.2 million). The project involves establishment of a gravity type wastewater collection, treatment and disposal system on Nolhivaranfaru. The sewerage system to be set up comprises a gravity sewerage system where sloping pipelines will allow waste water from the entire island to flow to four zonal pumping stations. The pumping stations will transfer the sewage collected through a pressure main to the sewage treatment plant. The sewerage system shall comprise of elements of a given specification for sewer mains, cleanouts, manholes, vents, pump stations, outfall pipeline and diffuser that will ensure a 30 year design flow. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and operational impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar projects. Impacts were analysed for their significance with the aid of a Leopold Matrix. In any development project, major direct impacts to the environment occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment from the proposed project include: Major significant impacts to the groundwater resource during trenching works; Physical damage to live coral due to trampling during pipe laying works; Impact on vegetation due to the need to cut down vegetation located at the plots allocated for construction of infrastructure Impact due to air and noise pollution during construction work; Impact on marine environment due to wastewater discharge; and Positive impact on social wellbeing and health Mitigation measures are discussed for the activities which would have potential impacts during the construction and operational phase of the project. In general, during the construction stage it is xiii important to use a method of construction which has the least impact on the environment. Specific measures highlighted include following of established guidelines when carrying out excavation works and dewatering. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing these alternatives:- Design of wastewater disposal system; Preferred method of STP; Aerobic treatment plant option: and Outfall location The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, this also means that method of sewage disposal on the island of Nolhivaranfaru would remain the same, thus leading to further contamination of the groundwater resource of the island. Additionally, it would also mean increased health risks faced by the community due to the use of contaminated water and the loss of potential additional job creation during the operation of the service. The environmental impacts predicted for the project are mostly minor to moderate, hence the benefits of establishing the system, though with a cost to the environment is seen to be far more beneficial than the cancellation of the project, as the health risks faced by the community is not something that should and can be overlooked. Therefore, the “no-project” scenario is not a feasible solution and it is recommended that the project be continued, but with the proper implementation of all mitigation measures proposed in the report. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 10 of the report.Item Environmental impact assessment : dredging sites (burrow area) for the proposed reclamation works at Emboodhoo Falhu South Male’ Atoll(2017-02-01) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupBackground Tourism industry is the largest economic sector in the Maldives not only generating the highest amount of foreign currency revenue in the Maldives but also provides employment for locals as well as many foreigners. Since the economy of the country is primarily dependent on tourism, in order to expand the tourism industry, development of uninhabited islands to tourist resorts is inevitable. With the expansion of the tourism to all atolls of Maldives, the islands strategically earmarked as tourism islands are becoming less. Recent change to the tourism development strategy in terms of location has been focused on reclamation and construction of shallow reefs that are part of the atolls. Several such reefs have been in the process of resort development. In this regard, the government of Maldives has identified Emboodhoo Falhu as a prospective area for developing as tourist resorts. Emboodhoo Falhu is located in south Male atoll approximately 12 to 20 km from the Male’ International airport. Therefore, the government of Maldives through Ministry of Tourism (MoT) has leased approximately 900 ha of Emboodhoo lagoon area to Dream Islands Development Pvt. Ltd. to reclaim and develop as tourist resorts. Bulk of the fill material for the reclamation works are sourced from out the boundary demarcated by Ministry of Tourism for this project development. This EIA therefore fulfills the requirement to approve EIA for the proposed burrow area as required by Environmental Protection Agency of Maldives. Project Details The proposed project includes reclamation of the lagoon area within the boundary delineated (approximately 900 hectares) to reclaim more islands at this area. It is envisaged that approximately 2,309,000 m3 of fill material will be required for the reclamation of 11 islands with a total area of about 62 hectares. Initial source material for the reclamation will be extracted from the lagoon itself (within the footprint of the proposed islands) using excavators to initially create a sand bund at the periphery of the islands. The bulk of the source material for reclamation will come from outside the boundary leased for the project development, after an extensive soil investigation campaign within north and south Male’ Atoll. , Among several sites for soil investigation to find suitable material the dredging contractor has identified a location at North Male’ Atoll to source fill material for the project. It is estimated that approximately 4,602,000 m3 of fill material could be sourced from this location. This is more than the required volume of 2.3 million m3 of fill material for reclamation of all the islands. Methodology used The methodology used to understand the baseline environmental condition at the project site is based on the specification of the ToR given in Appendix 2 of this report. The protocols used to identify impacts on major environmental components of the project were based on standards followed by EPA and adopted by MoT, for environmental impact assessment. These include collection of baseline data on physical marine environment, biological environment, and socioeconomic environment. Site specific data as well as socioeconomic information from the relevant stakeholders relevant to the site was collected on February 2017. Additional information from available literature on similar projects was used to assess the potential environmental impacts that may arise from this project in the context of its scale and extent. Findings The reef health surveys indicated that the condition of the reef in terms of reef health is relatively poor. Among the 6 sites surveyed, only 1 location had a significant amount of live coral cover (23 %). All the other sites had less than 10 % live coral cover. Fish diversity was also not high but comparable to similar settings in the Maldives, however, fish abundance was high at the nearby marine protected area, Giraavaru Kuda Haa. Seawater quality assessment was also carried out at the six sites where baseline biophysical environmental conditions were established. Physical water quality results indicated that they are within normal range of seawater parameters. Turbidity measure were less than 1 NTU. It is envisaged that there would be a significant change to the water quality aspects such as turbidity and nutrient load during the operation namely dredging period. Key impact The extent of impact area due to the proposed project is limited to the project boundary and it is expected that the severity of impacts would decrease further away from the project location. The severity of impacts is predicted by reviewing duration of dredging and construction methodologies. The impacts are predicted by reviewing the survey data collected during the field visits and information revealed by the designers. Data collected during field visits are limited (few days) which limits the overall understanding of even the short-term environmental conditions. The time limitation of EIA field data collection and report preparation is also a hindrance to properly understanding the environmental factors dictating the conditions of the habitat. Mitigation measures are formulated based on similar projects in the Maldives as well as expert judgment from the experience of the consultant team. Main impact areas of the project are from:- •Dredging (sedimentation as negative impact); •Reef health (negative); •Water quality •Economic impacts to resort development (positive). Uncertainty of impact prediction is inherent to the predictions mainly due to the lack of long term data (local currents and wave climate), complexity of ecosystem (reef environment, habitat and terrestrial environment although to a lesser extent) and lack of previous coordinated monitoring programs with consistent methodologies which can be used to predict outcomes or reliability of predictions of previous projects. Impacts Major direct impacts to the environment (either short term or long term) occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment (on land and reef system) from the proposed works include: •Re-suspension of dredged materials resulting in increased sedimentation and turbidity; •Direct loss of habitat and disturbance to the lagoon bottom during the dredging process; •Impacts on coral reef communities other reef associated organisms at the burrow site and in the vicinity of the burrow area; •Changes in water quality; •Changes in local hydrodynamics and oceanographic conditions. Mitigation measures A number of actions are proposed to minimize or avoid impacts altogether. Mitigation measures are selected to reduce or eliminate the severity of any predicted adverse environmental effects and improve the overall environmental performance and acceptability of the project. Mitigation measures are discussed for the construction stage of the project. During the construction stage it is important to take measures to minimize generation of construction waste, impacts due to disposal of construction waste may have significant degradation of reef health. Method of dredging also has to be taken in to account to minimize impact. A dredging method that has the least impact on marine environment has been proposed to be utilized. Specific emphasis have been given to reduce the amount of sedimentation into the immediate and surrounding marine environment. The main report outlines details of the significant mitigation measures proposed. Alternatives No alternatives for the project in terms of location and type of economic activity to be carried out, since that decision has been made by the Government of Maldives as future strategy for tourism development. Although the project is not under the Tourism Master Plan, the main aim of the project is to broaden the economic base of the country, thereby increasing the number of jobs and secondary tourism related economic activities and opportunities for economic gain. If the project were to continue, it is important to take technical and social aspects of the project into account and ensure that these concerns are adequately considered before taking decisions. It is therefore important to consider all the available options such as technology and methodology to make sure that the best available option(s) is/are chosen to ensure minimal damage to the environment. Apart from the type of economic activity and project location, other aspects that can have alternatives include; •Dredging methodology; and •Alternative burrow areas Conclusion and Recommendations Evaluation of the environmental baselines collected and assessed, assessment of the project and its components and their likely impact on the overall natural environment lead to conclude as significant. The proposed project is thought to pose moderate impacts on the marine environment overall. Moreover, the envisaged impacts are thought to be short term and given that the proper mitigation measures are followed, the possible impacts could be minimized. The most significant impact from negative environmental impact perspective is destruction to the marine habitats. Sedimentation and its subsequent effects on marine biota when prolonged has also been considered significant. The environmental impact mitigation measures and environmental impact monitoring measures identified in this report are based on potential environmental impacts that may arise from the project. This was based on evaluation of the various activities and components of the project, assessment of environmental components that are likely to be affected. Mitigation measures and monitoring proposed are judged as sufficient to ensure that negative environmental impacts are addressed adequately ensuring that they are in compliance with national standards. From Socio economic perspective, the project is positive. Tourism industry is the largest and most dynamic industry in the country’s economy, creating a variety of job opportunities for different profiles. Developing tourist resorts at the proposed area will not only create many jobs, but also provide the option of returning home easily, which is a privilege not enjoyed by several staffs working at far off resorts. Based on this, it is evident that the socio-economic benefits from this project outweighs the potential negative environmental impacts, therefore, given that the proper mitigation measures are followed, the proposed project is considered feasible.Item Environmental Impact assessment : relocation of sewer outfalls at IGMH and West park area, Male’ city(2017-05) ލޭންޑް އެންޑް މެރިން އެންވާރުމެންޓް ރިސޯސަސް ގުރޫޕް; Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupBackground The non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the relocation of sewer outfalls near Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital and West Park Area of Male’. The outfalls are planned to be relocated to the industrial village area of Male’. The proponent of this project is Male’ Water and Sewerage Company Pvt Ltd. The total estimated cost of the project is MRF 10 million. The project involves relocation of the outfalls for the Pump Stations PS5 and PS6 which were located near West Park and the outfalls for Pump Stations PS3 and PS4 which were located near IGMH. The pipes from PS3, PS4, PS5 and PS6 will be re-routed to the four new Pumping Stations at the MWSC plot at Male’ Industrial Village (on the southern side of Male’). The proposed sea outfall is from these stations to the the southern side ocean. Key impacts, mitigation measures and al ternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and operational impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar projects. Impacts were analysed for their significance with the aid of a Leopold Matrix. In any development project, major direct impacts to the environment occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment from the proposed project include: Minor to moderate impact on groundwater due to dewatering required during trenching works for rerouting of pipelines; Impact to marine habitat due to physical damage to live coral due to trampling during pipe laying works; Minor impact due to air and noise pollution during construction work Impact on traffic flow and road use Minor impact on marine environment due to sewage disposal Mitigation measures are discussed for the activities which would have potential impacts during the construction and operational phase of the project. In general, during the construction stage it is important to use a method of construction which has the least impact on the environment. Specific x measures highlighted include following of established guidelines when carrying out excavation works and dewatering. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing these alternatives:- Outfall pipeline arrangement Outfall pipeline routing options The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, this also means that the current issue of sewage pollution of the lagoon of the western side of Male’area, namely the Rasfannu swimming area, will have the chance of being polluted with sewage, thus effecting the health and well-being of the recreational swimmers and beachgoers. The environmental impacts predicted for the project are primarily minor to moderate, hence the benefits of continuing the project, though with a cost to the environment, is seen to be far more beneficial than the cancellation of the project; as the health risks faced by the large number of population using the Rasfannu area is not something that should or can be overlooked. Therefore, the “no-project” scenario is not a feasible solution and it is recommended that the project be continued, but with the proper implementation of all mitigation measures proposed in the report. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section of the report.Item Environmental impact assessment : wharf reconstruction and upgrading of the existing berthing facility and slipway at FSM Thilafushi plot(2013-03) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe slipway and berthing facility used by Fuel Supplies Maldives Pvt Ltd on Thilafushi is located on the northeastern side of the island. The facility has undergone extensive damage over the years and is also not sufficient to fully cater to the needs of the company. The proposed project involves the repair of the existing slipway and modification of seaward wharf of the plot. The seaward wharf will be extended by 311 and protected by sheet piles. The wharf will be designed to cater to vessels of 2000 tonnes (alongside berthing facility). The Slipway will be designed to cater for vessels of 200 tonnes. The project also involves reconstruction of the plot separating the wall from adjacent plot at the eastern side. The proponent of the proposed project is Fuel Supplies Maldives Pvt Ltd (FSM). Fuel Supplies Maldives, incorporated on 18th December 2000 is now a joint venture between State Trading Organisation (STO) and the Maldives National Oil Company (MNOC) formed with the main objective of streamlining fuel distribution in the country and to offer easy and convenient access to fuel throughout the country (FSM website, accessed March 2013). The total estimated cost of this project is ME 1.5 million. This document presents the findings of an Environmental Impact Assessment (HA) for the repair of the existing slipway and modification of seaward wharf of the plot used by ESM Pvt Ltd in Thilafushi. Developers of such development projects are required to carry out EIA. studies under the Environmental Act of Maldives. The developer is required to obtain approval of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), prior to the implementations of any development activities on the island. Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group Pvt Ltd have been engaged by FSM Pvt Ltd to prepare the EIA and to provide assistance in other environmental related activities. This HA is prepared in accordance with Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 and the environmental policy and guidelines of the Government of Maldives.Item Environmental impact assessment for backfilling of lake area and reconstruction of boundary wall at Funadhoo, Kaafu Atoll(2016-05) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the backfilling of Lake area/water body and reconstruction of boundary wall at K. Funadhoo. The proponent of the proposed project is State Trading Organization Plc. The total estimated cost of this project is USD 200,000.Due to the scope of the project, impacts on the environment have only been considered for the constructional phase of the project. These impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar development projects. The impacts identified are described according to their location, extent and characteristics. Mitigation measures have also been identified for impacts which are irreversible in nature. Impact analysis was done using the Leopold matrix. Since majority of the work for the backfilling of Lake area had already been completed prior to consultation with the EIA consultant, any further impacts were mostly insignificant. Terrestrial vegetation was identified as the most sensitive component of this project. Moreover, impact analysis showed that most of the proposed works are anticipated to have positive outcomes. Mitigation measures are discussed in the report for potential impacts, including the following: Relocation of mature plants which are not too deeply rooted All machinery used should be well maintained and relevant staff well trained to avoid accidental spillage during construction phase Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Given the scope of the project, alternative has only been considered for the technique used for the bracing pipe/rod connection. The no-project scenario which was also considered is not feasible, given the scope of project and associated impacts on environment which are minor. Hence the project is considered feasible with proper implementation of the mitigation measures proposed to minimize the impacts on the environment.Item Environmental impact assessment for coastal modification and construction of a causeway between Hoan’dehdhoo and Madaveli, Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll(2016-10) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment for the construction of a causeway of length 441m, linking Hoan‟dehdhoo and Madaveli and the reclamation of 3.5ha of land area in Madaveli in Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll in the South of Maldives. This project was earlier addressed through another EIA submitted in 2012 (SEAMARC, 2012), though due to delays in implementation of the project, the EIA period is now void. Furthermore, design of the causeway and changes to other components of the project, requires submission of a second EIA for the project, prior to commencement. The project proponent of the proposed project for coastal modification and construction of causeway between Hoan‟dehdhoo and Madaveli is Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure while the contractor for the project is Maldives Transport and Contracting Company Plc.The project includes two components: 1. Construction of a causeway linking the islands of Hoan‟dehdhoo and Madaveli. The proposed causeway has a total length of 441m and width of 15m. The causeway between the two islands will be constructed in two parts connected by the uninhabited island of Haadhoo which lies in the shallow lagoon area between the two islands. Construction of the causeway will be through reclamation of land area between the islands, whereby stretch of land between Madaveli to Haadhoo is proposed to have a length of 261m, while that between Haadhoo and Hoan‟dehdhoo is proposed to have a length of 180m. The area will be reclaimed to a height of 1.4m above Mean Sea Level (MSL) and protected through construction of a sand cement bag revetment along the whole length of both sides of the causeway. Concrete culverts at 50m apart will be placed along the length of the causeway to allow tide flow. The length of the culverts is equal to the width of the causeway (15m) and 6m wide. 2. The second component of the project is the reclamation of 3.5ha of land at the southeastern side of Madaveli. Reclamation of the land will be to a height of 1.3m above MSL, using sand sourced from the lagoon area. Proposed borrow area for the project is located at the eastern side lagoon between the two islands. A total of 73,500m3 of sand is required for this work and the recommended borrow area is proposed to be dredged to a depth of -3m from the seabed.Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project (both during construction and operation) have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar development projects. Impacts which have been identified were analysed with the aid of a Leopold Matrix, which gives numerical assessment of the magnitude and importance of an impact. The proposed project involves construction of a causeway between Madaveli and Hoan‟dehdhoo and reclamation of 3.5ha of land area on the southeastern side of Madaveli. The main construction stage impact associated with the project is due to dredging and reclamation works, which have the potential to greatly impact the marine environment through direct habitat loss and indirectly through sedimentation. Impacts discussed are; Direct loss of habitat due to dredging and reclamation work Sedimentation impact due to dredging and reclamation work Mobilization of equipment and labor Impact on vegetation due to causeway and road construction Noise, vibration and disturbance to nearby residents Impact on vegetation Pollution of natural environment due to possible spillage, solid waste, disposal of untreated waste water Risk of accidents and pollution on workers and local population The proposed borrow area is located at the eastern side of the reef between the two islands. Dredging works is proposed to be undertaken using excavator and transported using interim bonds. Dredging works at the borrow area will create sediment plume and expected to flow eastwards (tidal currents). Sand bund is proposed around the periphery of dredging area hence spread of fines will be reduced. The causeway construction works will close the aperture between Madaveli/Haadhoo/Hoan‟dehdhoo and stop flow of water. The culverts will be laid after connecting the islands, hence sediment plume will be minor and only depend on tidal currents (west to east on the eastern side of causeway). Impacts of sedimentation during causeway reclamation are therefore categorized as moderate and short termed. Significant negative impact on western side (southern side bay area of both islands) shoreline and immediate land area adjacent to proposed causeway is envisaged in the operational phase. In the event of storm surge (udha), water will pile up at the western side bay area causing rise of water level consequently causing flooding. Even at present, periodic flooding is experienced during SW monsoon due to storm surge. Therefore protection against storm surge is thought to be less and negative impacts high due to current design of the causeway. Mitigation measures for the various components which are expected to have impacts, have been proposed in the report, including the recommendation to revise the current design of causeway and include revetment at the southern side of reclamation area. Given that this project is developed specifically for these two islands, an alternative location is not considered. Alternatives for the project have been considered for the following; Design of the causeway Materials used to construct the revetment Borrow location Reclamation design The no-project scenario is also considered, the environmental impacts which arise due to the project such as change to hydrodynamics and loss of marine habitat and possible increase in surge related flooding can be avoided. However, should this option be chosen, this means that the social benefits (increased employment opportunities, easier travel between islands, better public services and increased housing plots) provided by the project will be cancelled. Hence given the high positive impact on the socioeconomic environment, discontinuation of the project is not seen to be a feasible option. Although this may be the case, the current causeway design is envisaged to increase surge related flooding hence this component is not feasible and needs to be revised. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 10 of the report. The consultant concludes that the proposed project component, especially the causeway with current design which lacks coastal protection measures in the vicinity of the causeway on either island is likely to cause significant environmental damage (specifically coastal flooding) at both islands. It is therefore recommended that an alternative design for the causeway should be considered.Item Environmental impact assessment for coastal modification works at Robinson Club Maldives, Funamaudua, GA. Atoll(2013-04) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed construction of geo-bag revetment structure at Robinson Club Maldives (GA. Funamaudua). The proponent of the proposed project is Robinson Club Maldives. The total estimated cost of this project is USD 1.5 million. The proposed project involves the construction of a 215 m long geo-bag revetment structure on the northwestern side of the island from the deck area of the main restaurant up to the jetty to the water villas. The project also involves maintenance dredging work at the entrance and channel on the southwestern side of the island and removal of tombolo formed near the service islet. Impacts on the environment from various activities of the construction work and during the operation of the facility have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar development projects. The impacts identified are also described according to their location, extent and characteristics. Mitigation measures have also been identified for impacts which are irreversible in nature. Impact analysis was done using the Leopold matrix. The main impacts foreseen for the construction phase are the impacts on marine environment and habitat in terms of loss of habitat, disturbance to lagoon bottom and reef flat area and sedimentation impacts. However, these impacts are expected to be minor to moderate at the entrance channel. Sedimentation impacts due to both maintenance dredging at entrance channel and revetment bed leveling works are also envisaged to the minor to moderate due to low live coral cover at the areas and small scale of work. During the operational stage, the small islet is expected to be a cause of formation of future tombolo. Therefore shoreline monitoring is one of the key mitigation measures recommended in the report. Positive impacts due to the project are expected to be beach formation due to accretion of sand by natural process as a result of the gradual slope of new revetment structure. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing their alternatives; Coastal protection method Design and materials used for construction of revetment structure Method of excavation Burrow area location The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, given that impacts to the environment due to the project are minor to moderate, this option is not seen as a feasible option, as the benefits to the proponent in terms of environmental advantages (control of current erosion issues due to presence of tombolo) and financial advantages (currently, damage to restaurant deck area makes it unsafe for guest use) from the continuation of the project, outweigh the impacts on the environment due to the implementation of the project. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 9 of the report.Item Environmental impact assessment for construction and development of water supply system at Dhangethi, Adh. Atoll(2016-12) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction and development of a freshwater production and distribution system at ADh. Dhangethi. The proponent of this project is the Ministry of Environment and Energy and total estimated cost of the project is MRF 17 million. To meet the water supply demand and to provide a quality treated water RO desalination with rainwater collection scheme is proposed for the island. The project involves the setup of a RO plant facility with two RO plants each with a capacity of producing 60m3 of freshwater per day One RO plant will be operational at anyone time while the remaining plant will be kept as a backup. Rainwater will be collected from the public buildings which will go through separate treatments before being mixed with RO desalinated water. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and operational impacts have been identified through interviews with the Project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar projects. Impacts were analysed for their significance with the aid of a Leopold Matrix. In any development project, major direct impacts to the environment occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts on the environment from the proposed project include: Minor to moderate impacts to the groundwater resource during drilling and construction work Impact on vegetation due to the need to cut down vegetation located at the plot Impact due to air and noise pollution during construction work Impact on marine environment due to discharge of brine Positive impact on social wellbeing and health Mitigation measures are discussed for the activities which would have potential impacts during the construction and operational phase of the project. In general, during the construction stage it is important to use a method of construction which has the least impact on the environment. Specific measures highlighted include following of established guidelines when carrying out excavation works and dewatering and transplantation of Coconut palms around the periphery of the project site. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing these alternatives; Location of RO plant facility Source of feedwater for RO plant Brine discharge location The no-project scenario is also considered, which would mean that all environmental impacts due to the project would no longer be an issue. However, this also means that the community would have to continue using only rainwater and groundwater as main freshwater sources. Additionally, it would also mean increased health risks faced by the community due to the use of contaminated water and the loss of potential additional job creation during the operation of the service. The environmental impacts predicted for the project are minor to moderate, hence the benefits of establishing the system, though with a cost to the environment is seen to be far more beneficial than the cancellation of the project, as the health risks faced by the community is not something that should and can be overlooked. Therefore the “no-project” scenario is not a feasible solution and it is recommended that the project be continued, but with the proper implementation of all mitigation measures proposed in the report. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 10 of the report.Item Environmental impact assessment for construction of sand filled deck at Bandos Island Resort and Spa(2013-03) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed construction of a sand filled sun deck on Bandos Island Resort and Spa, by the resort management as the proponent of the project. Bandos Island Resort and Spa located in Nort The project involves the construction of a sand filled sun deck on the southern margin of the small harbour facility on the southwestern side of the island. The area is currently filled with rock and rubble which was excavated during the construction of the harbour facility. Hence by constructing the sun deck, the resort management is looking into making the area usable and aesthetically more pleasing to the eye. Sand for this project will be sourced from the harbour basin and additional material will be purchased should this not be sufficient. The sun deck would be protected by a seawall constructed using sand/cement bags with a smooth cement finish. The total estimated cost of this project is USD 00,000 including sand filling works and construction of revetment walls. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project development work (constructional impacts) and post constructional impacts have been identified through interviews with the resort management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar development projects. Impact analysis was done using the Leopold matrix. The main impact associated with the project is minor short term impact on the marine ecosystem quality of nearby areas (to burrow area) due to sedimentation (as a result of dredging activities). No negative impacts on the environment are expected during the post constructional phase, although a huge positive impact in terms of the utilization of an area which has been impacted and unusable is guaranteed. Mitigation measures have been discussed for the construction stage of the project. The main mitigation measure proposed is the construction of a bund and seawall around the area for sundeck construction prior to backfilling the area, in order to avoid release of fines and minimize sedimentation impact. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Given the small scale of the project the only component for which an alternative has been considered is in terms of the material used to construct the sea wall. The - option has also been considered, though this would mean that the area remains unusable and filled with rock and rubble. It also means that there would be no impact on the environment from development of this project. The proposed development is assessed to bring minor short term impacts to the environment in general. Hence the "no-project" scenario is not seen as a feasible option and it is the conclusion of the consultant that the project can be carried out with minimal impact on the environment, with the proper implementation of mitigation measures discussed in the report.Item Environmental impact assessment for harbor extension works at Fares-Maathodaa, Gdh. Atoll(2016-04) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupBackground The non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed harbour extension works at Fares-Maathodaa, Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll. The proponent of the proposed project is Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure. The total estimated cost of this project is USD 843,060. The proposed project involves extension of the existing facility (which lies on the northern side of the island) by addition of 61m (along its length) to the eastern side of the facility. The project also involves construction of the main quay wall along the extension area and a sand bund breakwater along the outer boundary. Dredged material sourced will be disposed along the shoreline to the east of extension area. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment have been considered for the constructional phase and post constructional phase of the project. These impacts have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar development projects. Impact analysis was done using the Leopold matrix. The impacts identified are described according to their location, probability of impact, magnitude, significance and duration. Mitigation measures have also been identified for impacts which are irreversible in nature. Impact analysis showed that the main impact due to the project was during the construction phase, due to dredging activity. This impact was also anticipated to be of low effect due to the location (shallow intertidal area with seagrass beds) and scale of project (even though loss of seagrass beds from project site is a permanent impact). Overall, impacts identified were found to be of low effect and restricted to the project site, with temporary effects. Positive impact due to the project is the availability of a bigger and more planned area (dedicated area for unloading and passenger use) for use by the numerous vessels of the island and those who visit the island. Mitigation measures are discussed in the report for potential impacts, such as limiting dredging activity to low tide phase to reduce possible sedimentation impacts. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Given the scope of the project and need alternative has only been considered for the material to be used for breakwater construction and location of extension. The no-project scenario which was also considered, is not feasible, given the scope of project and associated impacts on environment which are which are mainly of low effect and short term. The benefits on continuation of project outweigh the impacts and hence the no-project scenario is not considered a feasible option. The Consultant feels that the project is feasible with proper implementation of the mitigation measures proposed to minimize the impact on the environment. Stakeholder Consultation Stakeholder consultation was undertaken with Island Council regarding the concept drawing formulated by MHI. The council stated that they require a side quay wall to be included in the eastern side and if excess dredged material is available back filling areas where erosion is observed. Based on the stakeholder consultation, MHI agreed to change the concept design to include a side quay wall at the eastern side. The revised final drawing is provided in Appendix 5 of this report.Item Environmental impact assessment for the development of aquatic animal quarantine facility at Ibrahim Nasir International Airport(2016-07) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupThe non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed construction of a live aquatic animal quarantine facility at the Ibrahim Nasir International Airport. The proponent of the project is the Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture. The proposed project is a part of the institutional strengthening component of the Mariculture Enterprise Development Project (MEDeP) implemented by the Ministry. It involves construction and set up of the live aquatic animal quarantine facility, which is inclusive of a quarantine building and pump station. The seawater for the holding tanks will be sourced through a seawater well located at the lagoon area to the west of project site (back reef area of Hulhule reef), while wastewater discharge will be through pipeline laid from facility to the western reef (pipeline south of facility and run near quay wall of harbor southern side of Hulhule Island Hotel, close to the along-side berthing area for fuel tanker ships). Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the construction work and during the operation of the facility have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys. The impacts identified are also described according to their location, extent and characteristics. Impact analysis was done using the Leopold matrix. Impacts due to project were few and minimal, mainly with low effects. Impacts were mainly envisaged on seawater quality and marine environment, as well as vegetation (due to removal of coconut palms). Details of impact analysis are discussed in Section 9 of the report. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Given the minimal impacts, mitigation measures due to project are few. However, the formulation of contingency plans in case of equipment breakdown or incidence of other events such as fire and floods should be given a priority. Due to the scope of the project and the means of implementation, an alternative scenario has also been given for the means of wastewater disposal. The „no project‟ alternative is also considered. Although this would mean avoidance of environmental impacts, this option is not feasible due to the necessity of the project, especially if the mariculture sector was to expand. Hence the project, with current designs and methods is considered feasible, and Consultant feels that appropriate mitigation measures have been given in the report.Item Environmental impact assessment for the development of MNDF coast guard base and berthing facility phase 1- reclamation works, Uthuruthilafalhu, North Male’ Atoll(2013-03) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupItem Environmental impact assessment for the relocation of feul tanks at MWSC compound, Male’ City(2016-02) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupBackground The non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed relocation of existing fuel tanks of the Male’ Water and Sewerage Company Pvt Ltd. The proponent of the proposed project is Male’ Water and Sewerage Company Pvt Ltd. The total estimated cost of this project is MVR 1,000,000.00 The proposed project involves relocation of the existing fuel tanks of the Male’ Water and Sewerage Company Pvt Ltd which is as per recommendation by the MNDF, following the fire incident which occurred at the facility in 2015. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the construction work and during the operation of the facility have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar development projects. Mitigation measures have also been identified for impacts which are irreversible in nature. Impact analysis was done using the Leopold matrix. Impact analysis showed that impact due to the project was due to possible accidental spillage and leakage during the construction phase and operational phase. However, this impact was envisaged to be minor to moderate during both phases and reasons for this are discussed in Section 9. Mitigation measures are discussed in the report for potential impacts, including mitigation in the event of accidental spillage/leakage and consequent groundwater contamination. Measures include careful handling and daily inspection of fuel lines/bund wall for detection of leakage. Given the scope of the project and the need, the “do-nothing” option or no project scenario is the only alternative available for the project. If this is chosen the fuel tanks would remain at the existing location, which has been identified as one which is not feasible or ideal technically or safety-wise. Furthermore, the existing location does not confirm to regulation regarding fuel handling and storage. Hence the no-project scenario is considered not feasible and thus the project will be continued. Furthermore, with due consideration to the project need, which is urgent and environmental impacts, which have been found to be minor, the Consultant feels that the project is feasible and that appropriate mitigation measures have been considered to further minimize impact on the environment.Item Environmental impact assessment harbor construction works at Maduvvaree, Raa Atoll(2015-12) Land and Marine Environmental Resources GroupBackground The non-technical summary outlines the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed harbor construction at R. Maduvvaree. The proponent of the proposed project is Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure. The total estimated cost of this project is USD 1.45 million. The proposed project involves construction of the harbor facility on the southern side of R. Maduvvaree. The harbor will have dimensions of length 211m and maximum width of 86m. The entrance will be from the existing entrance on the south eastern end of the facility. Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives Impacts on the environment from various activities of the construction work and during the operation of the facility have been identified through interviews with the project management team, field data collection and surveys and are also based on past experience of consultant in similar development projects. Mitigation measures have also been identified for impacts which are irreversible in nature. Impact analysis was done using the Leopold matrix. Impact analysis showed that impact due to the project was due to dredging works which is anticipated to have a moderate impact on marine habitats as a result of sedimentation. Positive impact foreseen is availability of safe harbor for the fishing fleet of the island and additional of land area. Other minor to moderate impacts are discussed in section 9 of the report. Mitigation measures are discussed in the report for potential impacts, including mitigation for the event that the project might be stopped prior to the completion of all works. In such cases, it is advised to ensure that the mitigation measures outlined for this scenario in Table 9 are implemented prior to the departure of contractors. Detailed mitigation measures are discussed in Section 11 of the report. Alternatives have been considered for various components of the project and are given as possible options that may be either more practical or less expensive to the preferred options. The proposed alternatives also have taken into consideration the environmental consequences resulting from these options as compared to the preferred options. The following components of the project have been discussed in providing their alternatives; Equipment/method used for dredging Location of harbor The “do-nothing” option or no project scenario would mean that the large fishing vessel fleet of island would face the same existing difficulty of not having appropriate berthing and safe harbor. However, the no-project scenario also means that the environmental impacts due to the project, which are moderate in terms of the impact on live coral cover and marine habitats, will be completely avoided. The existing facility is in need of repair; the outer breakwaters are damaged and does not properly stop waves during NE monsoon. Hence the community feels that southern area is adequate for a harbor, furthermore the area is already dredged therefore cost for construction will also be lower. Therefore given that the benefits of construction of the facility are more significant than the environmental impacts, continuation of the project is considered feasible with proper implementation of the mitigation measures proposed to minimize the impact on the environment. Details of the various alternatives considered and the selected alternatives are shown in Section 10 of the report.Item Environmental impact assessment report : construction of 11 storey residential building at M. Titan, Male’(2017-11) ލޭންޑު އެންޑު މެރިން އެންވާރުމެންޓު ރިސޯސަސް ގުރޫޕް; Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group; dewatering1.1 Background This report is an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the development of an 11 storey residential building at M. Titian. The proponent of the proposed project is Ali Naeem (Maldivian ID card number A058199). 1.2 Project Detail The proposed project involves development of a residential building at M. Titian. The proposed plot for development has an area of 176.68m2. The proposed design includes a small parking garage at the basement level with areas allocated for shops on the first and second floors. Floors 3 to 10 will be constructed with two apartments on each floor (1 three-bedroom and 1 two bedroom apartment). 1.3 Key impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives 1.3.1 Key impacts Impacts on the environment from various activities of the project have been identified through interviews with the proponent, field data collection and surveys as well as based on past experience in similar construction projects. In any development project major direct impacts to the environment (either short-term or long-term) occur mainly during the construction phase. Potential direct or indirect impacts which are anticipated to arise due to the proposed works are as outlined below: Groundwater contamination/salinisation due to dewatering works: impact is foreseen to be minor and short termed, Social impacts due to groundwater shortage: impact is foreseen to be minor and short termed, Noise and air pollution during the construction works due to machinery and equipment; impact intensity will vary during different phases of the project, Impact on traffic due to road closure during foundation and floor slab casting periods: minor to moderate impact which is short termed and only during a few days of the project. Operational phase of the project is not envisaged to have significant negative impacts. Positive impacts during this phase of the project include availability of new accommodation facilities and monetary benefit to the proponent and national economy. ix 1.3.2 Mitigation measures There are a number of actions that can be taken to minimize the identified impacts. Mitigation measures are selected to reduce or eliminate the severity of any predicted adverse environmental effects and improve the overall social and environmental performance of the project. Mitigation measures are mainly discussed for the construction stage since no significant operational impacts are envisaged in such projects apart from maintenance works. During the construction stage it is important to take measures to minimize dust spread, assess adjacent building condition during dewatering and excavation works and monitor groundwater shortages. Dewatering should also be carried out as per outlined in the Dewatering Regulation which came into effect from January 31st, 2014. Detailed mitigation measures are outlined in Table 13 of the report. The report also highlights Grievance redress mechanisms in Section 11.1 of the report. 1.3.3 Alternatives Given the scope of the project and the utilization of typical construction methodology and foundation types, alternatives have only been considered for method of foundation protection. Additionally, a ‘no-project’ scenario has also been considered, but not considered feasible due to the loss which would be incurred to the proponent and national economy, if this option was to be selected. Furthermore, selection of this option would also mean that the accommodation facilities which would be available after completion of the project would no longer be available. Hence given that the impacts to the environment due to the project are only minor impacts, this option has been considered not feasible. Alternatives are discussed in Section 10 of the report. Based on the assessment of work methodology, various environmental components and their associated impacts due to proposed work, the consultant, thus feels that the project is feasible. The consultant also stresses the importance of proper implementation of all mitigation measures proposed in the report and concludes that these should be in place, when the project is implemented, so as to carry out the project with minimal impact on the environment.