Browsing by Author | މުސައްނިފުން "Saleem, Mariyam"

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Technical Report
Enviornmrntal impact assesment for the coastal protection of Reethi Beach, B. Fonimagoodhoo
(2012-12-01) Saleem, Mariyam; Berre, Thomas Le; Preuvost, Marine
1. The present report is the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) regarding the construction of a breakwater, implementation of revetment and headland, and the replenishment of the beach on Fonimagoodhoo Island in Baa Atoll. The report has been developed in compliance with the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives (Law No. 4/93, article 5a) and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012 requiring such an assessment study before implementation of any activity that may have a significant impact on the environment. The assessment exposes the solutions and preferred alternatives as well as mitigation measures to minimize any negative impacts whilst trying to derive the maximum positive impacts from the project. 2. Reethi Beach Resort is threatened by erosion, particularly on its east side. The management of the resort has been taking different measures to prevent erosion around the island. The protection actions that have been already implemented on the northeast and southeast side consist of structures that are parallel and perpendicular to the shore, resulting in a poor aesthetic aspect to the beach. Moreover, a structural sand leak has been noticed during the NE monsoon and is being exacerbated by the existing structure. Consequently, the planned works are designed to remedy this situation in the following ways: 1) Large submerged geo-tubes will be laid on the rock bed in the northeast and southeast of the island in order to break the waves before they reach the shoreline. 2) Three other geo-tubes will be implemented on the north beach as revetments to prevent direct erosion. 3) Building groynes in the east and southeast to impede the sand movement and to seal off the sand leak. 4) Pumping sand from the lagoon in order to replenish the beach and cover the previous unasthetic coastal structures. 3. The proposed structure will be secured using sand filled containers known as geo-tubes. These are deployed on a rocky base and filled in situ. The designs have taken into account the bathymetry of the area in order for the top of the bag to reach the highest tide level. 4. Fonimagoodhoo is located on the east of Baa Atoll. It is mostly susceptible to the oceanic swell and to the wind waves modulated by the monsoon, generating sand transport and geomorphologic changes between the windward and the leeward sides. This is most apparent in three particular directions, one in the northeast sector, another one in the south and one in the west sector are clear of any direct obstacles, enabling higher energy swells and wind waves to reach the reef system. 5. 10 photographic transects were used to assess the benthic cover of 10 sites. Each picture is analyzed using 25 point grids to obtain quantitative substrate cover data of morphological xii characteristics of the reef community. Living corals represent9.32±2.46% of the whole area surveyed comprising mostly of massive and sub-massive species (4.36±1.47% and 2.73±1.09% respectively). Surprisingly, Acropora sp. represents only 0.76% of the substrate. This low abundance may be due to the high seawater temperatures (> 30°C) measured around Fonimaagoodhoo engendering coral with bleaching which affects mainly Acropora sp. From 2006 to 2012, the coral cover has stayed constant (10.16±1.77% to 10.30±1.77% respectively). The sand movement around the island may avoid recruit settlement hindering development of the coral reef. 6. For the fish community survey, data was collected using the methodology outlined by FishWatch Maldives, where 3 x 15 minute fish counts were carried out at each site. Surveyed area is a band of 2.5m on either side of the recorder and 5m up the water column. Surveys were carried out at 2 different depths (5 and 10 meters) on 6 sites. 42 of the 76 FishWatch target species were recorded among 14 families. Lutjanus gibbus (38.10%), Caranx melampygus (7.47%) and Zanclus cornutus (7.14%) showed the greatest densities. The significant presence of the predator Caranx melamgypus is an indicator of a healthy fish community. The weak density of Chaetodontidae (9.20%) may be related to the generally poor coral cover. Acanthuridae were very poorly represented (1.19%) and this is in contradiction with the fact that the substrate is mainly rocky with a cover of turf algae which should normally support a healthy herbivorous community. This may be due to the fact that the 5 species counted in this protocol are rare compared to other more common Acanthuridae such as Ctenochaetus striatus or Acanthurus leucosternon. 7. The main potential environmental impacts identified associated with the new developments are construction impacts, in relation to the use of machinery (smell and noise disturbances, oil spillage risks, green house gas emission) and with the construction works themselves (temporary rise in turbidity and modification or damages to the seabed through direct physical damage), as well as permanent modification of the hydrodynamic regime of the whole area. 8. The pros and cons of alternative options are considered as well as mitigation for the impacts highlighted. Given that the present configuration of the coastline is the result of different ad-hoc initiatives, it is expected that the works will improve the coastal protection of the islands and promote rationality in dealing with this issue. 9. A monitoring plan has been proposed in order to assess the impact of the works over the years and long term changes to the environmental conditions. The plan will aid in implementing mitigation measures during construction and operation of the project.
Article
Environmental impact assessment for the development of a 100 bed tourist hotel on H.A. Uligamu
(SEAMARC, 2007-08) Saleem, Mariyam; Le Berre, Thomas; Athfal, Moosa; Farooq, Saffah
Technical Report
Environmental Impact Assessment for the Dredging of a channel between S. Herethere and S. Holhudhoo
(Maldives Tourism Development Cooporation, 2007-12) Saleem, Mariyam; Berre, Thomas Le; Athfal, Moosa; Farooq, Saffah; މަރިޔަމް ސަލީމް; ތޯމަސް ލެ ބެރާ; ސައްފާ ފާރޫޤު
Environmental impact assessment for sewerage system for ADh. Mahibadhoo
(Ministry of Housing, Transport and Environment, 2007) މަރިޔަމް ސަލީމް; Saleem, Mariyam; Berre, Thomas Le; Franco, Chiara
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the coastal protection of Reethi Beach, B. Fonimagoodhoo
(2012-12-01) Saleem, Mariyam; Berre, Thomas Le; Preuvost, Marine
1. The present report is the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) regarding the construction of a breakwater, implementation of revetment and headland, and the replenishment of the beach on Fonimagoodhoo Island in Baa Atoll. The report has been developed in compliance with the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives (Law No. 4/93, article 5a) and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012 requiring such an assessment study before implementation of any activity that may have a significant impact on the environment. The assessment exposes the solutions and preferred alternatives as well as mitigation measures to minimize any negative impacts whilst trying to derive the maximum positive impacts from the project. 2. Reethi Beach Resort is threatened by erosion, particularly on its east side. The management of the resort has been taking different measures to prevent erosion around the island. The protection actions that have been already implemented on the northeast and southeast side consist of structures that are parallel and perpendicular to the shore, resulting in a poor aesthetic aspect to the beach. Moreover, a structural sand leak has been noticed during the NE monsoon and is being exacerbated by the existing structure. Consequently, the planned works are designed to remedy this situation in the following ways: 1) Large submerged geo-tubes will be laid on the rock bed in the northeast and southeast of the island in order to break the waves before they reach the shoreline. 2) Three other geo-tubes will be implemented on the north beach as revetments to prevent direct erosion. 3) Building groynes in the east and southeast to impede the sand movement and to seal off the sand leak. 4) Pumping sand from the lagoon in order to replenish the beach and cover the previous unasthetic coastal structures. 3. The proposed structure will be secured using sand filled containers known as geo-tubes. These are deployed on a rocky base and filled in situ. The designs have taken into account the bathymetry of the area in order for the top of the bag to reach the highest tide level. 4. Fonimagoodhoo is located on the east of Baa Atoll. It is mostly susceptible to the oceanic swell and to the wind waves modulated by the monsoon, generating sand transport and geomorphologic changes between the windward and the leeward sides. This is most apparent in three particular directions, one in the northeast sector, another one in the south and one in the west sector are clear of any direct obstacles, enabling higher energy swells and wind waves to reach the reef system. 5. 10 photographic transects were used to assess the benthic cover of 10 sites. Each picture is analyzed using 25 point grids to obtain quantitative substrate cover data of morphological xii characteristics of the reef community. Living corals represent9.32±2.46% of the whole area surveyed comprising mostly of massive and sub-massive species (4.36±1.47% and 2.73±1.09% respectively). Surprisingly, Acropora sp. represents only 0.76% of the substrate. This low abundance may be due to the high seawater temperatures (> 30°C) measured around Fonimaagoodhoo engendering coral with bleaching which affects mainly Acropora sp. From 2006 to 2012, the coral cover has stayed constant (10.16±1.77% to 10.30±1.77% respectively). The sand movement around the island may avoid recruit settlement hindering development of the coral reef. 6. For the fish community survey, data was collected using the methodology outlined by FishWatch Maldives, where 3 x 15 minute fish counts were carried out at each site. Surveyed area is a band of 2.5m on either side of the recorder and 5m up the water column. Surveys were carried out at 2 different depths (5 and 10 meters) on 6 sites. 42 of the 76 FishWatch target species were recorded among 14 families. Lutjanus gibbus (38.10%), Caranx melampygus (7.47%) and Zanclus cornutus (7.14%) showed the greatest densities. The significant presence of the predator Caranx melamgypus is an indicator of a healthy fish community. The weak density of Chaetodontidae (9.20%) may be related to the generally poor coral cover. Acanthuridae were very poorly represented (1.19%) and this is in contradiction with the fact that the substrate is mainly rocky with a cover of turf algae which should normally support a healthy herbivorous community. This may be due to the fact that the 5 species counted in this protocol are rare compared to other more common Acanthuridae such as Ctenochaetus striatus or Acanthurus leucosternon. 7. The main potential environmental impacts identified associated with the new developments are construction impacts, in relation to the use of machinery (smell and noise disturbances, oil spillage risks, green house gas emission) and with the construction works themselves (temporary rise in turbidity and modification or damages to the seabed through direct physical damage), as well as permanent modification of the hydrodynamic regime of the whole area. 8. The pros and cons of alternative options are considered as well as mitigation for the impacts highlighted. Given that the present configuration of the coastline is the result of different ad-hoc initiatives, it is expected that the works will improve the coastal protection of the islands and promote rationality in dealing with this issue. 9. A monitoring plan has been proposed in order to assess the impact of the works over the years and long term changes to the environmental conditions. The plan will aid in implementing mitigation measures during construction and operation of the project.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the proposed sewerage scheme at H.Dh. Kulhudhuffushi
(Ministry of Environment, 2008-01) Johnson, Derek; Saleem, Mariyam; Berre, Thomas Le; Athfal, Moosa; Edworthy, Kenneth; ޑެރެކް ޖޯންސަން; މަރިޔަމް ސަލީމް; ތޯމަސް ލެ ބެރާ; މޫސާ އަތުފަލް; ކެނެތް އެޑްވޯތީ
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the redevelopment of the existing football field on N. Maafaru
(Systems Engineering And Marine Consulting, 2007-10) Saleem, Mariyam; Le Berre, Thomas; Athfal, Moosa; Abdul Sattar, Shahaama; Adam Manik, Fathmath
The present report assesses the potential environmental impacts associated with the removal of coconut palms and trees related to the redevelopment of the existing football field at N. Maafaru. The island was flooded about 1.5 to 1.8 m during the 2004 Asian Tsunami and infrastructure damage was substantial with complete destruction of about 20 houses. As part of the tsunami recovery and rehabilitation project, the Canadian Red Cross has offered to provide financial support for the clearing of the periphery of the existing football ground and for construction of a boundary wall and fencing. This project is thus expected to enhance the livelihood of the Maafaru population, especially the youth by providing a safe and secure ground for recreation and sports activities. An additional advantage is the location of the football grounds being adjacent to the school, making it a convenient place to carry out the school extra curricular activities.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the redevelopment of the existing football field on V. Fulidhoo
(Systems Engineering and Marine Consulting, 2007-10) Saleem, Mariyam; މަރިޔަމް ސަލީމް; Le Berre, Thomas; Athfal, Moosa; އަތްފަލް މޫސާ; Abdul Sattar, Shahaama; ޝަހާމާ ޢަބްދުލް ސައްތާރު; Adam Manik, Fathmath; ފާތިމަތު އާދަމް މަނިކު
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the redevelopment of the resort on A. Dh. Vakarufalhi
(Systems Engineering And Marine Consulting, 2008-04) Saleem, Mariyam; Le Berre, Thomas; Guignard, Cedric; Athfal, Moosa
• A 100 bed resort has been operating on A.DH. Vakarufalhi since 1992. It is proposed to further invest in a resort redevelopment comprising mainly 25 water bungalows, renovating the common areas and staff quarters and upgrading of the infrastructure. • The resort on this island is mostly justified by a will to extend the benefits to strengthen the property and increase the number of rooms while achieving a better standard. This will further enable to increase the overall number of beds for the country in keeping with the Second Tourism Master Plan. • The present EIA is required under the EPPA (Law no. 4/93), and the new EIA regulation confirms that such projects do require the submission of an EIA. • The total capital investment for the reconstruction phase is estimated at 10,000,000 USD to establish a 4 star resort. • The resort will be equipped with all the necessary equipment compulsory under the different circulars issued by the Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation, in particular a sewage treatment plant, a powerhouse with diesel generators, fuel tanks and desalination plants, as well as a solid waste management centre with an incinerator, a crusher and a compactor. • All the buildings have been designed with a setback of 5 meters or will be constructed as water structures. The jetties and water bungalows as well as the spa complex are the only structures which will be in the water. • The water necessary for the resort will be produced through reverse osmosis plants and the peak demand is estimated at 100 m3 / day. • The sewage treatment plant will be of the sequence batch reactor type, and the outlet will be located on the northern side of the island, where such an outlet has already been constructed • Green wastes will be either burnt or composted, while the food and other biodegradable wastes which would putrefy rapidly and attract pests will be disposed at deep sea on a daily basis. The remaining will be composted. All non-biodegradable material and the ashes from the incinerator will be sent to K.Thilafushi. • The peak demand of power is 350 KW, and the powerhouse will be equipped with 1x 450KW, 2 x 290 KW and 1 x 160 KW generators. The three smaller ones are already present on the island. The fuel tanks will be installed on a concrete bund, and supply will be done via a pipe laid from the supply jetty. • Fire prevention will be strictly implemented following the ISO 14000 standards. • The construction will span a period of 6 months which will be during the southwest monsoon. The resort will reopen before the subsequent high tourism season. • Vakarufalhi is the only island present on its reef system, which lies in the middle of the atoll. It faces the Digurashu Kandu on its eastern side, but is protected from the incoming swell by the nearby island of Kuda Rah. • The sand movement around the island has been drastically decreased through the implementation of breakwaters all around the island, and the beach replenishment activities contributed to the overall increase in the surface area of the island. Erosion is not a major problem in the present configuration. • The weather condition experienced is representative of the Maldives, with the alternation of the southwest and northeast monsoons. Wave energy is limited. • No sea grass is present around the island, and coral life is not great on the reef. In particular, on the eastern side. In some areas of the western side, the coral cover is good. A few coral patches of importance are present in the project area. • The threatened coral colonies will be relocated and an artificial reef serving the aesthetical, recreational and awareness aspects will be implemented. • The fish life is abundant and diverse, and there is a strong correlation between abundance and rocky substrate. • The vegetation has already been heavily altered in the past, and a lot of ornamental species are present. The foot prints of existing buildings being reutilized, the clearing requirement are limited. The most significant trees such as coconuts will be relocated. • Environmentally speaking, the most critical point is the management of the construction wastes and packaging material, and the careful implementation of effective waste management practices is a necessity. The present management of waste disposal is appropriate. • Eventually, during the operations, the main environmental concern is global with the increased emission of green house gases. • Alternatives to the projects include the do-nothing scenario, as well as different design alternatives. • The monitoring and reporting of the progress on the island will be carried out regularly by the consultants.
Book
The national biodiversity strategy and action plan of the Maldives
(Ministry of Home Affairs, Housing and Environment, 2002) Jameel, Ahmed; އަހުމަދު ޖަމީލް; Hameed, Faathin; ފާތިން ހަމީދް; Shakeel, Hassan; ހަސަން ޝަކީލް; Ahmed, Hudha; ހުދާ އަހުމަދް; Shareef, Hudha Ali; ހުދާ އަލީ ޝަރީފް; Shareef, Maaz; މާޒް ޝަރީފް; Saleem, Mariyam; މަރިޔަމް ސަލީމް; Aslam, Mohamed; މުހައްމަދު އަސްލަމް; Faiz, Mohamed; މުހައްމަދު ފާއިޒް; Zuhair; މުހައްމަދު ޒުހައިރް, Mohamed; Hassan, Moosa Zameer; މޫސާ ޒަމީރު ހަސަން; Saeed, Simad
Other
National biodiversity strategy and action plan of the Maldives 2002
(Ministry of Environment and Energy, 2002) Jameel, Ahmed; Hameed, Faathin; Shakeel, Hassan; Ahmed, Hudha; Ali Sharef, Hudha; Shareef, Maaz; Saleem, Mariyam; Aslam, Mohamed; Faiz, Mohamed; Zuhair, Mohamed; Hassan, Moosa Zameer; Saeed, Simad