Browsing by Author | މުސައްނިފުން "Zahir, Hussein"

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    Assessment of Maldivian coral reefs in 2009 after natural disasters
    (Marine Research Center, 2009) Zahir, Hussein; Quinn, Norman; Cargilia, Nicky
    In this report we examine a commonly accepted suite of biological indicators of coral reef health from a geographically diverse set of lagoon, shallow Maldivian reefs from northern Haa Dhaalu to Addu atoll, south of the equator, based on field work undertaken from February – October 2009. The Marine Research Centre’s (MRC) National Coral Reef Monitoring Survey (NCRMS) data set based on Reef Check survey methodology will provide an historical record, along with other outside agency studies, for assessing the recovery of Maldivian coral reefs to natural disasters in the past 12 years. The annual sea water temperature variation for the Maldives will be discussed in the context of its relationship to geographical and seasonal variation and coral bleaching. The status of the reefs will be broadly compared with the situation on other regional reefs that experienced bleaching.
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    Technical Report
    Environment impact assessment report : harbour expansion works at Kulhudhuffushi
    (2016-04) Zahir, Hussein
    This Environmental Impact Assessment Report is prepared for the proposed harbor expansion project to meet the requirement of Maldives EIA regulation and ADBs Safeguards Policy Statement. With financial assistance from ADB this project is an initiative by the Government of Maldives (GoM) to expand harbor capacity in Kulhudhuffushi, Ha Dhaal atoll, with a view to improving maritime access and connectivity and fostering urban and regional development in Kulhudhuffushi and the Northern region. The Consultant prepared the scope of EIA with support from ADB‟s environmental Safeguards officer assigned to this project. The final ToR for the project was issued by the EPA on 27th December 2015. The proposed project consists of three components, reclamation, passenger/cargo harbor and a waterfront Small Craft Zone area including a separation wall. These structure and facilities are located in an artificially created shoreline and shallow lagoon between Kulhudhuffushi port (south end) and existing harbor (north end). The proposed works under this project includes the following components: 1. Area 1 Reclamation 2. Area 2 Reclamation 3. Waterfront and Small Craft Zone Area with a Harbor separation wall 4. Passenger/Cargo Harbor These structure and facilities are located in an artificially created shoreline and shallow lagoon between Kulhudhuffushi port (south end) and existing harbor (north end). In addition to dredging, reclamation, quay-wall and other civil works on basic infrastructure, operational port infrastructure (sometimes referred to as infrastructure-plus) includes facilities necessary for the safe operation of the harbor. Depending on the type, size, and use of the harbor, the scope and type of operational port infrastructure can vary widely. The main requirements for the passenger-cargo harbor in terms of operational port infrastructure are:  Navigation lights  Timber jetty  Harbor pavement, drainage and apron lights  Small passenger terminal  Harbor markets  Building for business and commerce activities The duration of the project in terms of construction period is estimated as 18 months. An independent contractor will carry out construction of the harbor expansion works where workforce is considered as mix of both locals and expatriates. Baseline environmental data for environmental components that are likely to affect were collected during field visits to the site on November 2015 and January 2016. These included information on changes to the shoreline of the proposed development area, shoreline profiles, bathymetry of the proposed dredging and reclamation areas, seawater quality at project impact areas and a control site, status of coral reef adjacent to impact area that included status of the coral community, fish community. In addition assessment of sea grass community that would be almost entirely affected was also carried out. In addition to this socio economic profile of the island community was also assessed that included concerns and community need with regard to expansion of the harbor facility. Significant environmental components of the project that are likely to affect because of the implementation of various activities are, deterioration of seawater quality, damage to coral community through direct impact of dredging and reclamation, indirect impacts such as effects of sedimentation and turbidity. Average coral cover both at residual impact area and control site was 20%. Coral community diversity was not high. Diversity and abundance of fish community was normal and similar to marine habitats in the Maldives. The project impact area was screened through field assessment and literature review for presence of any nationally and internationally protected species or habits. Only one individual of Hawksbill sea turtle was encountered during the field survey. No protected species other than a single turtle were found in the project area and residual boundary. Impact on sea grass community from dredging and reclamation is expected to be the highest since the proposed location for harbor basin will impact sea grass community. Approximately 2 hectares of sea grass area in the shallow lagoon will be thus affected. It is noted that this sea grass patch is a remnant of a large sea grass bed in the same location prior to reclamation works in 2010. There is another sea grass area in the shallow lagoon on the northern side of the existing harbor, which will not be affected by proposed expansion works. The severity of impacts through application of Leopold matrix based on major impact areas varies from minor to moderate based on the size and time frame associated with the project construction phase. Major impact areas identified are coral reef, seawater quality and sea grass bed. Environmental mitigation measures on reducing identified impacts are addressed in the report. These include construction of a bund wall around the proposed dredging for harbor basin. Alternatively silt screen can also be placed so that sediments from dredging and reclamation can be confined to the impact area ensuring impact reduction in project adjacent and residual impact areas. Since none of the impact areas are identified as critical or endangered habits at local or national level, no measures to compensate for loss of these habitats were suggested. Post construction phase of the project is likely to cause only minor impacts to the seawater quality and waste management. Mitigation measures proposed through application of local standards and use of available facilities will further minimize these impacts. Appropriate environmental monitoring program and activities are scheduled to ensure compliance to environmental mitigation measures and monitoring. An institutional arrangement has been proposed for environmental compliance and grievance redresses associated with the project that involve all relevant stakeholders. Evaluation of project environmental components, impacts of the project on these components and their magnitude have indicated that the impacts are minor and manageable. Hence it can be concluded that the project is feasible with very limited impacts on natural environment. The positive benefits of the project from a socio economic perspective far over weighs the negative impacts. With the environmental impact mitigation measures proposed, environmental monitoring appropriately carried out through the proposed institutional arrangement further impacts that are not foreseen or addressed in this report can be managed.
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    Technical Report
    Environment impact assessment report for development at Kudakurathu, Raa atoll
    (2012-09-01) Zahir, Hussein; Sattar, Shahama A.; Zarana, Mariyam
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    Environment impact assessment study : shoreline rehabilitation and protection measures at Sun Island Resort & Spa
    (Land and Marine Information Group, 2013-02) Zahir, Hussein; Aslam, Mohamed; Sattar, Shahama A.
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    Environmental and social code of practice : construction of a mechanical composting building at existing IWRMC of Maamendhoo, Laamu Atoll
    (Land and Marine Environmental Resource Group, 2021-01) Zahir, Hussein; A Sattar, Shahaama; Abdulla, Aishath; Musthag, Azim
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    Environmental and social code of practice : construction of a mechanical composting building at the existing IWRMC at Magoodhoo, Faafu Atoll
    (Land and Marine Environmental Resource Group, 2021-01) Zahir, Hussein; A. Sattar, Shahaama; Abdulla, Aishath; Musthag, Azim; ހުސެން ޒާހިރު; ޝަހާމާ އ.ސައްތާރު; ޢާއިޝަތު ޢަބްދުﷲ; މުސްތާގް އާޒިމް
    Magoodhoo is one of the 5 inhabited islands of Faafu Atoll and is located on the southeastern side of the peripheral reef of the atoll. Construction work of the Island Waste Management Centre (IWMC) of Magoodhoo was commenced in 3rd quarter of 2018. However, due to non-performance issues of the contractor, the contract was terminated in 2019 with 95% being completed. Currently the center is not used yet, and waste is collected and managed at the open area adjacent to the site. Initially planned operations for the IWMC involved sorting of the collected waste which had already been segregated at household level into compostable and non-compostable waste. The non-compostable inorganic waste would be compacted / crushed / shredded. The compostable waste would be transferred to the compost slab constructed at the site, where windrows-based composting will be undertaken. However, based on the recommendations provided in feasibility study for the establishment of a regional solid waste management system in Zone 4 & 5, it was decided that mechanical composting is the most feasible technology for treating organic waste generated in F. Magoodhoo. Hence, the Ministry of Environment, through the World Bank funded Maldives Clean Environment Project (MCEP) intends to pilot in-vessel composting, whereby the existing compost slab will be modified slightly to cater for the installation of a composting machine. The proposed project involves enclosure of the existing compost slab area and undertaking the required utility connections to the structure. Once this is completed, an organic waste converter machine will be installed at the area to undertake mechanical composting of organic waste through an aerobic system.
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    Environmental and social impact assessment report : upgrading of infrastructure at regional waste management facility zone II, Raa. Vandhoo
    (Land and Marine Environmental Resource Group, 2019-01) Zahir, Hussein; Shujaa-ath, Mariyam; Abdulla, Aishath; Musthag, Azim; A. Sattar, Shahaama; Abid, Ismail; ހުސެން ޒާހިރު; މަރިޔަމް ޝަޖާއަތު; ޢާއިޝަތު ޢަބްދުﷲ; މުސްތާގް އާޒިމް; ޝަހާމާ އ.ސައްތާރު; އިސްމާއިލް އާބިދު
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    Environmental and social management plan : establishment of island waste resource management centre with aerobic technology using composting machine at Gan, Lamu Atoll
    (Land and Marine Environmental Resource Group, 2021-04) Zahir, Hussein; A. Sattar, Shahaama; Abdulla, Aishath; Musthag, Azim; ހުސެން ޒާހިރު; ޝަހާމާ އ.ސައްތާރު; ޢާއިޝަތު ޢަބްދުﷲ; މުސްތާގް އާޒިމް
    Gan is one of the 11 inhabited islands in Laamu atoll in the southern Maldives. Similar to almostall island of Maldives, the island is vulnerable to environmental and economic development variables such as rising sea level, coastal erosion, pollution/depletion of groundwater andunmanaged waste. A waste management centre was constructed at the northeastern side of the island, through the UNDP LECReD Project and waste disposal is at this site. The council has also now established a waste collection service from all households and institutions. All waste including the household waste is disposed at this site, although kitchen waste is disposed to sea on that side of the island. However, the centre does not have any machinery and equipment for management of inorganic waste and all waste which can be burnt are disposed through open burning at the site. Hence, the Ministry of Environment, being the proponent of the project, through the World Bank funded Maldives Clean Environment Project (MCEP), intends to establish a full- fledged Island Waste Resource Management Centre (IWRMC) and facilitate piloting of in-vessel composting in Gan based on the findings of the technical and financial feasibility study for establishing a regional solid waste management system in Zone 4 & 5, phase 1 of which was completed in the last quarter of 2019. The project will include construction of new infrastructure inclusive of a mechanical composting area. Once the infrastructure is in place, an Organic Waste Converter (OWC) machine will be set up at the facility to facilitate mechanical composting of the waste using aerobic technology. Upon completion of the project, the operations of the facility will be handed over to the Island Council. Training needs for the proper operation of the facility will be identified through the assessment and will also be incorporated into the report.
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    Environmental and social management plan : establishment of island waste resource management centre with aerobic technology using composting machine at Guraidhoo, Thaa Atoll
    (Land and Marine Environmental Resource Group, 2021-05) Zahir, Hussein; A. Sattar, Shahaama; Abdulla, Aishath; Musthag, Azim; ހުސެން ޒާހިރު; ޝަހާމާ އ.ސައްތާރު; ޢާއިޝަތު ޢަބްދުﷲ; މުސްތާގް އާޒިމް
    Guraidhoo is one of the 13 inhabited islands in Thaa atoll in the central Maldives. Similar to almost all island of Maldives, the island is vulnerable to environmental and economic development variables such as rising sea level, coastal erosion, pollution/depletion of groundwater and unmanaged waste. At present waste is being disposed to a site on the southern side of the island (on reclaimed land area). Management of the site and cleaning of public areas have been contracted out to an individual party. All waste except kitchen waste is disposed at the area and burnt. Kitchen waste is disposed at the shoreline around the island. Hence, the Ministry of Environment, being the proponent of the project, through the World Bank funded Maldives Clean Environment Project (MCEP), intends to establish a full-fledged Island Waste Resource Management Centre (IWRMC) and facilitate piloting of in-vessel composting in Guraidhoo based on the findings of the technical and financial feasibility study for establishing a regional solid waste management system in Zone 4 & 5, phase 1 of which was completed in the last quarter of 2019. The project will include construction of new infrastructure inclusive of a mechanical composting area. Once the infrastructure is in place, an Organic Waste Converter (OWC) machine will be set up at the facility to facilitate mechanical composting of the waste using aerobic technology. Upon completion of the project, the operations of the facility will be handed over to the Island Council. Training needs for the proper operation of the facility will be identified through the assessment and will also be incorporated into the report.
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    Environmental and social management plan : establishment of island waste resource management Centre with aerobic technology using composting machine at Kolhufushi, Meemu Atoll
    (Land and Marine Environmental Resource Group, 2021-04) Zahir, Hussein; Abdulla, Aishath; A. Sattar, Shahaama; Musthag, Azim; ހުސެން ޒާހިރު; ޢާއިޝަތު ޢަބްދުﷲ; ޝަހާމާ އ.ސައްތާރު; މުސްތާގް އާޒިމް
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    Environmental and social management plan : upgrading of Island Waste Resource Management Centre with anaerobic technology at Fonadhoo, Laamu Atoll
    (Land and Marine Environmental Resource Group, 2021-02) Zahir, Hussein; A Sattar, Shahaama; Abdulla, Aishath; Musthag, Azim
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    Technical Report
    Environmental impact assessment report : electricity generating facility at One & Only Reethi Rah Resort, Medhufinlolhu North Male’ Atoll
    (2009-12-01) Zahir, Hussein
    This EIA is in accordance with the requirement of Maldives Energy Authority guidelines that is inclusive of the necessary reporting for their approval to operate power generating facilities in the Maldives. The power generating facility in One & Only Reethi Rah Maldives, Resort here after also referred as RRR has been in operation since 2006, under the license they have for the operation of a resort in that island. The currently operated power generating facility and its components has been included in the EIA report that was submitted prior to development of the resort. The Generation Equipment includes a power house building, a fuel storage facility for the powerhouse building Diesel Engine Generator (DEG) sets having the capacity of 800kW x 05 + 1000kW x 01 total capacity of 5000 kW as the installed capacity of the DEG sets and fuel storage tanks having 30,000 litres x 06 numbers having the total storage capacity of 180,000 litres of fuel storage tanks and 06 fuel day tanks having the capacity of 200 litres each. The resort been in operation since 2006 has met the general compliance standards imposed by Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture. As a result the powerhouse and associated facilities at the report has been operated in good standards in general. Sound emissions are within the general guidelines set by EPA. Fuel storage and handling is also within the set guidelines of EPA, however, minor improvements can be made with regard to fuel storage and handling. These improvements are discussed. Additional environmental mitigation measures are discussed with an environmental monitoring program to follow with specific timelines set. The Power system Development of One & Only Reethi Rah Resort is being developed in accordance with the standard of Maldives Energy Authority (MEA). The EIA of the generating facility was prepared to monitor the environment conditions of the powerhouse and nearby the powerhouse building. The environment consultant has visited the island to make the necessary survey, completed the site survey and collected the necessary data to complete the EIA report of the generating facility for the powerhouse building
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    Environmental impact assessment report : L. Maamendhoo harbour development,
    (Ministry of Construction and Public Infrastructure, 2008-05) Zahir, Hussein
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    Initial environment evaluation report jetty renovation and water bungalow deck extension at White Sand Resort & Spa
    (Land and Marine Environment Resources Group, 2008-01-15) Zahir, Hussein
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    Technical Report
    Initial environmental examination for Filladhoo electricity upgration : power project
    (Zaahi Engineering Services Pvt. Ltd., 2006) Zahir, Hussein
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    Technical Report
    Initial environmental examination for Maafaru electricity upgration : power project
    (Zaahi Engineering Services Pvt. Ltd., 2006-06) Zahir, Hussein
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    Post-Tsunami status of the coral reefs of the islands and atolls of the Maldives
    (Australian Government, 2006) ހުސައިން ޒާހިރު; ވިލިއަމް އެލިސަން; ޖިއޮފް ޑޫސް; ޖޯން ގަން; އަރްޖަން ރާޖަސޫރިޔާ; ޖީން ލަކް ސޮލަންދް; ހިއުޖް ސްވެޓްމަން; ޖާކަރ ޓޭމްލަންޑަރ; އެންގަސް ތޯމްޕްސަން; މޭރީ ވޭކްފޯޑް; Zahir, Hussein; Allison, William; Dews, Geoff; Gunn, John; Rajasuriya, Arjan; Luc Solandt, Jean; Sweatman, Hugh; Tamelander, Jerker; Thompson, Angus; Wakeford, Mary
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    Status of the coral reefs of Maldives after the bleaching event in 1998
    (Marine Research Centre, Ministry of Fisheries Agriculture and Marine Resources, 1998) Zahir, Hussein; ހުސައިން ޒާހިރު
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    ރާއްޖޭގައި ހެދޭ ބައެއް ގަލާ ބެހޭ މަޢުލޫމާތު
    (މެރިން ރިސާރޗް ސެކްޝަން / މިނިސްޓްރީ އޮފް ފިޝަރީސް އެންޑް އެގްރިކަލްޗަރ, 1996) ހުސެން ޒާހިރު; އިބްރާިމް ނަޢީމް; Zahir, Hussein; Naeem, Ibrahim