Environment - ތިމާވެށި
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Item Climate Investment Opportunities in South Asia(World Bank Group, 2021-05-12) World Bank Group; ވޯރލްޑް ބޭންކް ގްރޫޕްThe Maldives graduated from least developed country status in 2011 and is now categorized as an upper-middleincome country. Its economy is expected to grow by 4.9 percent in 2018, driven primarily by the construction and tourism sectors. The low elevation of the Maldivian islands makes the nation highly vulnerable to rising sea levels. Its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement acknowledges the challenges it faces given its high population density, dispersed geography, and limited resources. Actions that the Maldivian government is taking to address these issues include relocating and consolidating its population from the outer islands to the greater Malé region to effectively use its resources. Given the country’s vulnerability, its NDC focuses on crucial actions to strengthen the country’s resilience to climate impacts and prioritizes mitigation in energy, transport, and waste. Invest Maldives, the government investment promotion agency, has invited private investment in agribusiness, energy, financial services, and infrastructure.Item Climate vulnerability assessment – islands of Dhidhdhoo and Hinnavaru, The Maldives(United States Agency International Development, 2012-04) United States Agency International DevelopmentThe Maldives program to Enhance Climate Resiliency and Water Security is intended to demonstrate the process and outcomes needed to allow island communities to maximize their opportunity to overcome impacts from global climate change. The program will provide assistance to the Government of the Maldives (GOM), and island and atoll councils; the private sector; and residents of two islands in the northern part of the country that will be targeted with United States Agency for International Development (USAID) assistance to become “climate resilient islands.” The underlying purpose and intended outcome of the program is to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that island residents will need to become stewards of their island environment and to make rational and informed decisions on key climate change adaptation issues. This report concerns the islands of Dhidhdhoo and Hinnavaru. The Climate Vulnerability Assessment uses available climate data to assess the vulnerability of water, sanitation, solid waste management services to the impacts of climate change, and feeds into the Utility Service Delivery Assessment, which is documented in a separate report (CH2M HILL, 2012). During a 2 week field effort, a consultant team worked with relevant Ministry of Housing and Environment (MHE) officials, island council members, community groups, and representatives from utilities to evaluate the current state of services, vulnerability of services to climate-related impacts, and priorities to improve the resiliency of services in light of likely climate-related impacts. Dhidhdhoo is the capital of Haa Alif Atoll administrative division in the Maldives. The island lies on the northwestern tip of Tiladummati Atoll. Originally, the island was 52 hectares, but after land reclamation in 2010, the island is now around 85 hectares. There are some estimated 3,740 people in Dhidhdhoo (2009-Registered-Statistical Year book 2010) and it is the largest population in the Atoll. Population on Dhidhdhoo has increased at a steady rate in recent years of about 2.0 percent per year. Hinnavaru is one of the inhabited islands of the Lhaviyani Atoll. Originally, the island was 22 hectares, and after land reclamation in 2010, the island is now 55 hectares. It has a population of approximately 4,500 people with 715 registered households. Population data and growth rates available for the past decade through 2010 shows a slow rate of increase with an annual average growth rate of about 0.6 percent.Item EIA for the proposed digital terrestrial television broadcasting network development project(2018-02-11) Energy ConsultancyPublic Service Media ( PSM) is undertaking the project to mount communication towers in 22 sites to improve Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcast (DTTB). Based on the Decision statement issued on Environmental screening by EPA, out of 22 sites, only 9 sites are required to do an EIA before the project work begin on the sites, and they are Ha. Dhidhdhoo, HDh. Kulhudhuffush, Sh. Funadhoo, N. Manadhoo, ADh. Dhangethi, V. Felidhooo, Th. Guraidhoo, L. Gan and GDh. Fiyori. In each of these islands a communication tower of heights from 40 meters to 90 meters, with a service station with two story height would be constructed. This EIA is a requirement under 5thclause of the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act (law 4/93) and PSM as the proponent of this project gives their full commitment to undertake all the mitigation prescribed by this EIA for the adverse impact that may cause from the various components of this project. Apart from undertaking this EIA, the proponent needed to take dewatering permit from EPA prior to dewater in order to carry the required dewatering during construction of the foundation. In general, the existing environment of the sites allocated in these nine islands includes few matured trees and coconut palms with tall and medium size of bush grasses. In order to erect the towers the trees and grasses will be removed. From nine islands a total of 237 trees will be removed to clear the nine sites. The main impact to from the project activities were identified is to be depletion of groundwater due to dewatering during foundation work. However this depletion would be very short, infect, it would be restricted to the duration of dewatering. Once the dewatering is stopped, the groundwater will resume being normal through evenly distribution of the existing water lens and also infiltration takes place during rainfall. Loss of species of fauna and flora would be none due to the vegetation clearance. Apart from this, proper mitigation such as piling around the foundation bed would be done to reduce horizontal water flow and to prevent possible landslide. In conclusion, in order to complete DTTB network, PSM required to upright the communication antennas on these nine islands. Without these nine antenna, there will be a gap between the rest of the network, therefore without theses antennas the network will not function properlyItem EIA for the proposed digital terrestrial television broadcasting network development project(2018-04-01) Energy ConsultancyPublic Service Media (PSM) is undertaking the project to mount communication towers in 22 sites to improve Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcast (DTTB). Based on the Decision statement issued on Environmental screening by EPA, out of 22 sites, initially only 9 sites are required to do an EIA before the project work begin on the sites, and they are Ha. Ga. Nilandhoo , HDh. Kulhudhuffush, Sh. G.Dh. Thinadhoo, N. Manadhoo, ADh. Dhangethi, V. Felidhooo, Th. Guraidhoo, L. Gan and GDh. Fiyori. Upon proposing to sheet pile option for three islands, G.A. Nilandhoo, G.Dh. Thinadhoo and S. Hithadho, EPA has issued Screening decision to carry out an EIA. In each of these islands a communication tower of heights from 40 meters to 90 meters, with a service station with two story heights would be constructed. This EIA is a requirement under 5th clause of the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act (law 4/93) and PSM as the proponent of this project gives their full commitment to undertake all the mitigation prescribed by this EIA for the adverse impact that may cause from the various components of this project. Apart from undertaking this EIA, the proponent needed to take dewatering permit from EPA prior to dewater in order to carry the required dewatering during construction of the foundation. The main impact to from the project activities were identified is to be depletion of groundwater due to dewatering during foundation work. However, this depletion would be very short, infect, it would be restricted to the duration of dewatering. Once the dewatering is stopped, the groundwater will resume being normal through evenly distribution of the existing water lens and also infiltration takes place during rainfall. Loss of species of fauna and flora would be none due to the vegetation clearance. Apart from this, proper mitigation such as piling around the foundation bed would be done to reduce horizontal water flow and to prevent possible landslide. In conclusion, in order to complete DTTB network, PSM required to upright the communication antennas on these islands. Without these antenna, there will be a gap in the network, therefore without theses antennas the network will not function properlyItem Environmental impact assessment for the proposed resort development at Kanbalifaru, Shaviyani Atoll, Maldives(2014-08) SandcaysThis report addresses the environmental concerns of the proposed development of a resort on Kanbaalifaru; shaviyani Atoll. The island is about 195,709 m2 in its size. Kanbaalifaru is located close to the eastern rim of Shaviyani atoll at 6° 7'26.84"N and 73°15'18.89"E. There are no other islands within the house-reef of the island. The Proponent of the proposed development is Kanbaaalifaru Development Pvt. Ltd. The Proponent proposes to develop a medium to high end resort on Kanbaalifaru with 201 rooms, having a bed capacity of 402, which comprise of 30 x Beach Villas (2 rooms each); 50 x Ocean view villa; 18 x Family Villas (2 rooms each); 30 x Water villas and 25 x Superior water villas. In addition to these, guest facilities will include an Arrival Jetty; water villa arrival point; Reception and Admin office, a Main Restaurant; Main bar, Specialty restaurant, Spa Complex, Dive Center & Medical Clinic, Shops, Beach Bar/Coffee shops and Sports area. The proposed development will conform to all current environmental legislation including the Regulation on the Protection and Conservation of the Environment in the Tourism Industry. The main negative impact of the proposed development will be the impact of deforestation due to land clearance for proposed buildings. There may also be some degree of sedimentation due to excavation to place footings of jetties and water villa structures, which is considered minor negative. The other impacts due to environmental infrastructure such as power generation, sewage and wastewater disposal and water production are considered general impacts similar to all such developmental projects. There are no specific concerns or environmental impacts related to these. These impacts are inevitable. Yet, every effort is to be made to minimize the impact and footprint of the impact. To minimize the impact of deforestation, buildings will be designed around mature trees minimizing their removal. If a mature tree were to be removed, they will be carefully uprooted and transplanted elsewhere. It is noteworthy that there are very few mature trees in Kanbaalifaru with a few mature coconut palms. The other negative impacts of the water villas include impacts on sediment transport around the north-western side and south-western side of kanbaalifaru and some minor degree of sedimentation on the reef nearby. The impact on hydrodynamics would be minimized by placing water villas as far away from live reef areas and dynamic beach areas as possible especially on the southern end where there is a dynamic sand spit. To minimize the impact on longshore sediment transport, the walkways of water villas will stand on piles with their footings buried in the seabed. Care will also be taken to minimize sedimentation on the reef when placing water villa footings and columns. Precast footings and columns will be used and excavator movements shall be minimized. Excavator is preferably moved on barge to minimize sedimentation and if high bed excavators were to be used, they shall move as far from coral reef flat areas as possible. This impact of sedimentation will be short-lived given that tidal and wind-driven currents would normally carry the sediments away from the reef at all tides and monsoons. It is vital, therefore, to monitor the condition of the reef prior to the start of works, during the works and after the works to establish the true nature of the impact. Transplanting live corals in impacted area would be a priority. There are very few live corals in development zones, which may be impacted. The other environmental impacts of the proposed development include solid waste management, water supply, sewage disposal and energy generation. Solid waste will be generated both during the constructional and operational phase of the resort. Constructional waste will be disposed of by the Contractor to Vandhoo in Raa Atoll or Thilafushi in Kaafu Atoll. During the operational phase, a waste management center established on the island will segregate waste and dispose of them in a manner prescribed in tourism regulations. It is during the construction stage that the waste is often not managed properly and waste ends up in the environment. Therefore, it is vital that waste management procedures are in place during construction phase to ensure waste is appropriately dealt with. Supervision and awareness of construction workforce is highly recommended. Desalination, sewage treatment and power generation are fuel-dependent processes and fuel efficient desalination technology, STPs and, especially, generator sets will be installed in the island. Solar water heaters have been proposed and photovoltaic system incorporated, the costs of which have already been taken into consideration. Gravity sewers will deliver the sewage with multiple pumping stations, which will be minimized by appropriate design. Treated effluent with low levels of BOD (less than 20mg/l) will be disposed to the sea at not less than 10m below MSL and 5m away from the reef edge. Therefore, the impact from sewage disposal will be almost negligible. In fact, the daily peak flows is quite small that the proposed sea outfall would provide over 500-fold dilution to the sewage effluent even if it were raw sewage, which would occur only in the unlikely event that the sewage treatment plant fails. Hence, no further mitigation measures have been considered for sewage disposal and treatment. In order to minimize the energy-intensive nature of wastewater treatment, it has been recommended to avoid wastewater treatment and to consider direct disposal to sea or ground, if possible. Although the island is located within the atoll, the reef on the east is subjected oceanic swells from the channel between Fonadhoo and Eriyadhoo, therefore, the southeastern side or the north-northeastern side of the island is considered appropriate for disposal of raw sewage. Furthermore, due to the narrow nature of the island, the groundwater is quite saline and a proper groundwater lens is not formed, therefore, sewage and wastewater (being primarily domestic in nature) may be disposed into the ground through a septic tank system. The project encompasses clean technology and alternative energy options will be investigated with specific focus on a solar energy system. This will complement the proposed diesel generator sets. In addition, solar water heaters will be installed to provide hot water to all guest units. Also, to minimize fuel and water consumption, it is proposed to install energy and water efficient technology including faucets. The costs of these would be included in the project. Environmental monitoring has also been incorporated into the project. Arrangements for monitoring during constructional and operational phase will be considered immediately upon EIA approval. Monitoring will be undertaken according to the monitoring programme recommended in this report. Recommended monitoring for the project includes the monitoring of shoreline at predetermined and bench-marked tide levels, beach profiles and drogues at locations given in the EIA report, marine water quality at the location of the intake, brine discharge, sea outfall and a control location, air and groundwater at a location close to the powerhouse and desalination plant and a control location and quality of product water at 3 specified locations including product water tank. Fuel and water production data and clean energy initiatives may also be incorporated. Annual monitoring reports have to be submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency over the monitoring period and shall include fuel and water consumption data and greenhouse gas emission calculations. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using appropriate matrices and the results indicated that the proposed project has net positive impact. Given that the project has major socio-economic benefits although there would be some negative environmental impacts, it is recommended to allow the project to proceed as proposed.Item Environmental impact assessment for the construction of additions at B. Landaa Giraavaru(2014-03) Systems Engineering and Marine ConsultingThe potential environmental impacts associated with the construction of Additions at Landaa Giraavaru are assessed in the present report. Landaa Giraavaru Resort is looking to upgrade its facilities with a wedding pavilion, a new line employee block and an upper floor at the management block. The wedding pavilion is required in order to provide a response to the existing tourist demand of celebrating nuptials in a separate and intimate environment. The staff buildings are required to accommodate the increasing number of employees. In order to meet the highest standards, the wedding pavilion has been designed as an overwater structure, not connected to land. Landaa Giraavaru has been developed since 2004 by Landaa Giraavaru Pvt. Ltd. as a tourist resort and is operated by Four Seasons. The proponent contracted Seamarc Pvt. Ltd. to carry out the survey and environmental impact assessment for the current project. The assessment analyses the environmental conditions at the site with regard to the proposed activities, in order to forecast the impacts. It then proposes solutions, alternatives and mitigation measures to minimize negative impacts and maximize benefits from the project. Main equipment to be used is a floating barge, concrete mixer, excavators and general construction tools operated by the resort engineering department. The present development follows the legislation, plans, policies, guidelines and international conventions outlined by the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act (EPPA) of the Maldives and the Maldives Tourism Act of Maldives. There are many stakeholders that can affect and be affected by the development projects. The project proponent has a duty to conserve the environment and the environmental consultants play a major role in informed decision making and communication of information. The MOT, MEE and EPA are responsible to implement the EIA process. Impacts to the environment are divided into two. Impacts during construction - physical and indirect impacts are predicted using survey results and past experiences - and impacts during operations-. Limitations in impact prediction are possible. Significant impacts assessed include: disturbance of sea bed, modification of the hydrodynamic regime, loss of habitats and vegetation, sedimentation due to sediment plume, noise, smell and other disturbances to habitats as well as greenhouse gas emissions.The no-project scenario will lead to the lack of updated facilities for the resort’s operation. Alternatives to the proposed project has been studied -including different locations of the buildingsfinding many disadvantages. Mitigation measures will be adopted for each of the impacts mentioned. Monitoring to determine the efficiency of the mitigation measures and environmental impact monitoring will be carried out under the supervision of environmental consultants.Item Environmental monitoring for Adaraan Meedhupparu, R. Meedhupparu(2014-03) Systems Engineering and Marine ConsultingThis environmental monitoring reviews the condition of the environment of Meedhupparu after the implementation of the Coastal Works in year 2012. The natural environment is described, assessed and compared to data from previous years. The bathymetry of the west coast was analysed and comparison drawn between the baseline and post work situation. The data accumulated since 2012 on the substrates around Meedhupparu were gathered and compared. Among all the sites rock has always been the primary substrate, (from 66.40 to 77.20%) followed by rubble (from 9.60 to 18.80%) and sand (from 1.20 to 11.60%). Coral was the fourth substrate varying between 4 and 11.60%. The evolution of the coral cover during 2012 to 2014 was assessed in selected zones. Since 2012, the general trend for sites on the west coast was of no change showing almost the same averaged coral cover.Item Environmental impact assessment for the proposed development of new superior rooms at Club Med Kanifinolhu(2013-01) SandcaysThis report addresses the environmental concerns of the proposed 18 rooms on the northern end of Club Med Kanifinolhu, North Malé Atoll. The 18 rooms will be developed as 9 single units comprising each of 2 rooms. The northern end has a large expanse of land formed behind a seawall/revetment in the area. The rooms are to be built in this area, which has had a few coconut palms and an iron wood tree. This area is the only available land for development of rooms at Kanifinolhu resort. Therefore, to take advantage of the recently introduced 30% built-up area for resorts, Club Med Kanifinolhu is proposing to utilize this land to create rooms targeted for emerging middle markets. The area will be landscaped with the few mature coconut palms that have been removed from the site, additional young palms grown in the island’s nursery and transplanting about 16 more coconut palms from other potential development sites such as housing projects in local islands. In order to meet additional power requirements by the proposed rooms, 2 generator sets are currently being upgraded from 800kVA to 910kVA. For water supply, it has been estimated that about 15800litres will be required for the rooms and the existing RO plant would be able to handle this additional requirement. Sewage and wastewater will be connected to the existing sewerage network by gravity lines. Existing wastewater treatment plant is capable of handling these 18 rooms as well as potential future expansion. Project alternatives have been considered and as has been mentioned earlier, the best alternative is to construct the rooms as proposed. Water villas on the southeastern side may be a potential alternative with disadvantages over cost. Minimizing the number of villas is not an option and the most number of rooms possible is desirable to the Proponent. The main negative environmental impact from the proposed project considered by EPA as well as others (in the Scoping Meeting) is the potential risk of erosion and subsequent structural damage. However, it has been observed from a study of the historic satellite images provided by Google that the sand behind the revetment/seawall at the northern end is quite stable. Therefore, no risks are envisaged. There will be no significant negative impact during the proposed modification of the seawall or retaining wall on the northern end. Sedimentation will be very low and easily dispersed due to high currents in the area. In fact, the proposed modifications will further enhance the protection afforded by the structure and minimize erosion and would be more aesthetically appealing. The other negative impact will be the removal of coconut palms for clearing land for development, however, there are a few and they will be transplanted on the island, preferably at the same area with young coconut trees planted in Kanifinolhu nursery. Other impacts include possible noise disturbance to guests during the construction phase. They will be managed by the Management during the course of the project as usual. Additional rooms will add cumulatively to the emissions and effluents disposed to the environment including brine from desalination, treated wastewater from wastewater treatment and carbon emissions from power generation as well as solid waste. The cumulative impact from additional emissions is considered to be low. Increased awareness together with the use of energy and water efficient gadgets in the new rooms would help to minimize such impacts. Use of solar water heaters and other renewable energy options have already been considered within the scope of the project. The main socio-economic impact of the project is increasing bed capacity and subsequent public/government revenue. There will also be several employment opportunities and indirect economic ventures as a result of the project. In terms of their significance, all of the above impacts are considered to be minor to negligible. There are no direct or indirect impacts on the reef or other ecologically significant areas. Club Med Kanifinolhu has an ongoing environmental monitoring programme incorporating coastal hydrodynamics and marine water quality under the coastal modifications project undertaken in 2012. Therefore, additional monitoring requirements imposed by this project would cover air quality, RO Plant feed water and product water quality. These have been incorporated into this EIA and an overall monitoring programme for the island recommended. Given that the project has major socio-economic benefits and few minor negative environmental impacts, it is recommended to allow the project to proceed as proposed.Item Environmental impact assessment for the proposed reclamation of runway extension Gan International Airport Addu City, Maldives(2013-01) SandcaysThis report discusses the findings of a social and environmental impact study under the proposed runway extension at Gan International Airport, Gan, Addu City. The project is proposed by Addu International Airport Pvt. Ltd. The project is targeted at extending the runway by reclamation of land from the surrounding lagoon so that larger aircrafts can be accommodated. The dredged area will be utilized for sea plane operations in the near future. Coastal protection of the reclaimed area as well as the dredge area for seaplane operations will form an integral part of the project. At present large aircrafts A320 and Boeing 777 can only do an emergency landing and regular operations is not possible. With the increasing demand for large international carriers the runway needs to be extended. The airport not only caters for Addu City but is the international hub in the south of the Maldives catering for a large local population and an ever increasing tourist population in Addu City, Fuah Mulah and Huvadhoo Atolls. Therefore, the proposed runway extension is an immediate need for Gan International Airport. In addition, resort and other economic developments in the southern atolls will increase the demand for seaplane operations and this demand is very strong at present. Therefore, adequate areas need to be identified for seaplane operations. Shallow lagoon areas which can be easily protected from waves is most suitable and the proposed dredge areas on the southern lagoon of Gan are the only potential areas for seaplane operations and their future expansion. Alternatives have been identified in the project document. These include alternatives for the runway extension as well as dredge areas. The runway has been proposed to be extended to 350m initially with the possibility of further expansion in the future. The proposed area for extension is the western end of the runway between Gan and Feydhoo. Two dredge areas were identified as the southwest lagoon area and the southeast lagoon areas. These two options are being currently studied by comparing costs of dredging against operational costs. In terms of their social and environmental impact, both options are equally suitable. Further options were identified during the EIA process including the scoping meeting. One important option identified by the environmental consultants was extending the runway more to the eastern end than the west in order to minimize the impact on the flow between Gan and Feydhoo. This option has been favoured by the Consultants initially. However, taking into consideration the greater negative impacts on the marine environment from the option, the consultants chose to recommend the alternative of reclaiming the entire area between Feydhoo and Gan and to not extend the runway to the eastern side. This option may have additional dredging costs, however, the costs of protecting the reclaimed area is expected to counter balance the increased costs of dredging. In addition, the onshore and offshore protection proposed under the project together with a groyne system for Feydhoo and other affected areas, proposed as mitigation measures, will help to minimize the impacts on longshore transport. Therefore, this option may be favoured. Environmental impacts were assessed for both the construction and operation phase of the project. Most of the environmental impacts of the project have been identified as positive resulting mainly from improved transportation, increased economic activities in the southern atolls of the Maldives, direct and indirect employment opportunities, increase in related business ventures, and so on. The main negative environmental impact of the project is identified to be the changes in hydrodynamics between Feydhoo and Gan and the resulting impacts on the southern, especially southeastern shoreline of Feydhoo. The Proponent is willing to undertake monitoring and if necessary computer modelling to identify mitigation measures and undertake such measures at their cost. There are also few negative impacts of the project relating to changes in landuse as a result of the project. The main impact relating to landuse would be further developments on the southeast corner of Feydhoo, which is the only area of Feydhoo with nice sandy beach. Land owners in the area may be affected. However, industrial developments could take place in the area. The main mitigation measure for the proposed project would be the provision of shore protection to the southeast beach on Feydhoo. The City Council raised concern that this area is even at present under threat of erosion during storms and that they have been considering shore protection measures for this side. Therefore, it would be ideal if such shore protection can be incorporated as mitigation measures under the proposed runway extension project. Secondly, there will be the well-known impact of sedimentation from dredging and reclamation and mitigation measures that shall be implemented. These include provision of bunds and control of dredge water flow in to the environment. Methods of sediment control have been discussed in the report in detail. Use of silt screens where relevant has been identified as an important measure. It is recommended to ensure that sedimentation is kept to a minimal as such use of cutter suction dredger has been recommended. It is inevitable that there would be some negative environmental impacts. However, most of the impacts of the proposed project are minor compared to the positive socio-economic benefits of the proposed system. Yet, monitoring to ensure the effectiveness of the proposed project would be necessary. Therefore, a monitoring component has been suggested which takes in to consideration, the most important elements that require regular checks. This monitoring component will be adhered to and will allow the assessment of changes due to construction and implementation of the proposed extension of the runway. Monitoring is specifically focussed on water quality, mainly turbidity and total suspended solids during the construction phase. Changes in the hydrodynamics of the project area as well as impacts on the reef or marine ecological are of importance. In conclusion, it appears justified from a technical and environmental point of view, to carry out the proposed project to extend the runway of Gan International Airport to the west. However, there are alternative that may be more suitable and shall be considered with caution and after understanding the costs and discussions with relevant government authorities.Item Environmental impact assessment report for development of breakwater at GA. Kandhuhulhudhoo(2013-02) Energy ConsultancyThe island of Kanduhulhudhoo is the most the south island of G.A atoll, located approximately at 0° 21’ 05.21’’ N and 73° 32’ 21.75’’ E. The 31ha Island has a population of 874. From the observation carried out at the island, it was found a major part of the beach has been eroded and precautions need to be taken to stop further erosion. In some places the erosion has reach as far as beyond the vegetation line, and in some areas, the beach rock can be found. In this project there will be a small amount of dredging to deepen the harbor basin and the clearance of the existing breakwater. From the community consultation it was suggested to transfer this dredge material and rubbles to be relocated to an eroded site for the prevention of further erosion. The major impact in this project lies in the marine basin. At the completion of this project some of the marine topographic features would be lost due to the dredging and the construction of the breakwater. This impact is identified as a permanent or long term irreversible damage. In order to minimize the damage, the zones where the activities takes place needed to be clearly marked and the various activities needed to be restricted to these zones. The sedimentation deposit during the construction phase is identified to be reversible and a short term impact. This impact could be minimized by undertaking various activities during low tide. During the construction phase the contractor should be careful on handling machineries. Pollutions such as oil spill have to be avoided during the mobilization, construction and demobilization phase. The safety of the workers shall be the first and foremost priority of the contractor. The proponent has an obligation of monitoring the environment during both construction and operational phase
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