Academic Articles -- ޢިލްމީ ލިޔުންތަކުގެ ޖަމާ
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Item Mundoo Island waste management center environmental management plan(2017-10) CDE ConsultingItem Maavah Island waste management center environmental management plan(2017-10) CDE ConsultingItem Isdhoo Island waste management center environmental management plan(2017-10) CDE ConsultingItem Mundoo island waste management center environmental management plan(2017-10) CDE ConsultingItem Maamendhoo Island waste management center environmental management plan(2017-10) CDE ConsultingItem Kalaidhoo Island waste management center environmental management plan(2017-10) CDE ConsultingItem L. Hithadhoo waste management center environmental management plan(2017-10) CDE ConsultingItem Environment impact assessment for the proposed tourist resort development project in Muravandhoo Island, Raa Atoll(2014-05) CDE ConsultingThe purpose of this document is to fulfil the requirements to get necessary environmental clearance from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to implement the proposed resort development project in Muravandhoo Island, Raa Atoll. Muravandhoo Island was initially leased for tourism in 2011 in conjunction with the proposed airport development project in Ifuru. In addition, a resort and a marina were to be developed in Madivaafaru Island. Both these islands were awarded on the condition that Ifuru Island Airport be operational before the resort opens. Ifuru airport is nearing completion and is scheduled to open in mid-2014. The proponent of this project is Ifuru Investments Pvt Ltd. The project is a joint venture between the Government of Maldives and Ifuru Investments to partly to ensure that the Ifuru airport is operation and partly to ensure that more beds are operational in Raa Atoll. The main rationale for the project is to develop tourism in the outer atolls of the Maldives to increase the tourism bed capacity and their contribution to the local and national economic growth. Tourism development lags behinds in Raa Atoll and this project is expected to increase the speed of development in the atoll. The objective of this project is to develop and operate a five star resort on Muravandhoo Island. The project broadly involves the development and operation of a stand-alone 200 bed resort. The proposed project covers seven main components: construction of island transport infrastructure; construction of the back-of-the-house and administrative infrastructure; construction of guest rooms; construction of guest facilities; construction of utilities – sewerage, power and water infrastructure; landscaping and; resort operations. The project is estimated to take 24 months to complete. All project designs are in conformance to the laws and regulations of the Maldives, and relevant international conventions that Maldives is party to. The key laws and regulations applicable to this project are: Environmental Protection and Preservation Act, Decentralization Act, Tourism Act, tourism resort development regulations, Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012, Waste Management Regulation, Regulation on Cutting Down and Uprooting Trees and Dewatering Regulation. Approvals have been granted for the concept by the Ministry of Tourism. Further approvals are required before construction and operations. It is a small island approximately 485 m long and 300 m wide (at its widest point), and has a land area of approximately 9.9 Ha within low tide line in March 2014. The island is generally in pristine condition, apart from its terrestrial environment. Parts of its vegetation are mature with areas of coconut dominated forests and sub littoral thickets. Most of the coconut palms and a number of other trees have been planted. The water quality is poor. There are naturally occurring deep areas allowing easy access to the island. Its reef condition is best on the northern side but the southern side is in moderately good condition as well. The beach environment on the eastern and southern side is in poor condition with very limited dry beach and ongoing erosion. Severe erosion is prevalent on the Southwest areas of the island and the Northeast corner. Erosion mitigation and beach mitigation will be required. The negative impacts from this project are typical impacts associated with resort development in Maldives. The most significant impact from this project during construction stage would be the damage to coral reef doe to over water construction activities, removal of limited vegetation, excavation and dewatering, changes to coastal processes due to coastal developments, degradation of the terrestrial and marine environment due to the worker activities, lost marine life due to overwater construction and disposal of waste. Main social impacts include potential conflicts with the atoll public if equal job opportunity is not available for construction stage or operations stage of the resort. Negative impacts during operations stage are the impacts on marine flora and fauna due to potentially high number of vessels using the lagoon, impacts on the beach due significant erosion and accretion patterns and social impacts associated with foreign workers or general lack of opportunities. Apart from the impacts from this project on the environment, the coastal environment itself will have a major impact on the project itself. Erosion is likely to continue and if left unprotected, it will pose challenges and economic losses for the operation of the property. Beach will have to be created artificially in some areas to use the proposed beach villas as classified. If the coastal structures are erected, it will reduce the aesthetic beauty of the island and will permanently alter the coastal processes. The project mainly has positive socio-economic benefits, including increased direct and indirect job opportunities and tourism growth. The key mitigation measures proposed for the construction stage include finding options to mitigate severe erosion on the island. A number of mitigation measures have been proposed in this assessment to mitigate the most significant impacts associated with the development, including reef clearance, worker activities, vegetation removal, marine construction, excavation works and utilities operation. Alternative options were evaluated for the activities that are identified to have significant impacts on the project. Alternative options have been proposed mitigate erosion and preference has been given to shore protection and consideration to undertake beach replenishment. Alternative options assessment for beach replenishment showed that more detailed assessments are required and additional approvals are recommended once more details are available. An alternative jetty has also been recommended on the south as the northern side may not be accessible year-round. Consultations were held with the island councils and public of Ugoofaaru, Dhuvaafaru and Maakurathu. This project has strong support from the island communities and all site plans have been seen by the Island Councils. There is a general dissatisfaction due to the slow pace of resort development projects in the atoll. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for this project is designed to produce a framework for anticipated impacts, including practicable and achievable performance requirements and systems for monitoring, reporting and implementing corrective actions. In addition, provide evidence of compliance to legislation, policies, guidelines and requirements of relevant authorities. Monitoring plan is designed to assess any changes to the physical environment as well as operational aspects of the resort. The total cost of mitigation and monitoring are estimated between US$15,000 per year. The main conclusion of this report is to move forward with the proposed development after with the proposed alternatives and the suggested mitigation measures.Item Environment impact assessment for the proposed harbour extension project in Ukhulas, North Ari Atoll(2011-08) CDE ConsultingThis Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report is an evaluation of the potential environmental, socioeconomic and natural impacts of the proposed harbour extension project in Ukulhas Island, North Ari Atoll. The project is proposed by Ministry of Housing and Environment (MHE) and the project contractor is MT Højgaard, Denmark. The EIA consultant is CDE Consulting. This EIA has been developed based on the Term of Reference (ToR) issued by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on 7 July 2011. This document is submitted by the proponent to EPA to fulfil the requirements for an IEE under Article 5 of the Environment Protection and Preservation Act (4/93). The EIA Regulations 2007 have been used as the basis for developing this document. The main components of the project are: − Dredging harbour extension area − Land reclamation − Construction of harbour protection and sea wall infrastructure Ukulhas is the one of the main fishing islands of North Ari Atoll. Due to the size of the fishing fleet in Ukulhas, the island has had major problems with providing safe anchorage to fishing vessels and expanding the fishing industry. The congestion within the harbour is also making it difficult for passenger vessels to access the island. Harbour expansion has been identified as priority for island development, particularly to facilitate passenger access. A harbour redevelopment project was undertaken in 2010 through a tsunami reconstruction project funded by an international agency. However, due to budget limitations the project had to be divided into two phases. The first phase involved the maintenance dredging and upgrading of quay wall and breakwater. The first phase was completed earlier this year. Funding for the second phase of the project has been secured by the Government and the second phase in now ready for implementation. The second phase mainly involves extending the harbour, as originally planned in 2010.Item Initial environment examination report for the oil storage facility in Ihavandhippolhu, Haa Alifu Atoll, Maldives(2011-03) CDE ConsultingThis Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is an evaluation of the potential environmental, socio-economic and natural impacts of the proposed crude and refined oil storage project at Ihavandhippolhu. The project is proposed by State Trading Organization Plc (STO). The main components of the project include reclamation of a 50 Ha island, development of a crude oil hub terminal on the reclaimed land and the operation of the terminal. Maldives is strategically located from north to south between latitudes 7.07’N and 0.43’S. Thus, the Maldives Archipelago has been identified as an optimal location for a crude and refined oil storage project. Maldives is located central to crude oil shipping routes originating from North and East Africa, as well as routes doubling the Cape of Good Hope. Given the strategic location of Maldives and reputation of STO in import storage and distribution of fuel in Maldives, STO is looking into taking advantage of extensive maritime traffic through the channel between Sri Lanka and Maldives. STO therefore is using this opportunity to check the viability to develop an oil storage facility in Ihavandhiopplhu. The EIA is being developed as per the EIA regulation (2007) of the Maldives and the Terms of Reference that was developed by the consultant (CDE Consulting). The EIA is well represented as per the TOR and respective chapters describing the environment and potential impacts and mitigation measures are discussed in the consecutive chapters and most importantly all these work have being discussed with all the key stakeholders before submission and their views on the project is also being depicted in this EIA.