Academic Articles -- ޢިލްމީ ލިޔުންތަކުގެ ޖަމާ
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Item Initial environmental examination for a coral frame project(2010-07) Systems Engineering and Marine ConsultingThe potential environmental impacts of the development of a coral propagation project on the island of H.A. Manafaru are assessed. Manafaru is leased to Beach House Maldives and is operated by the Waldorf Astoria collection of the Hilton group. The assessment exposes the solutions and preferred alternatives as well as mitigation measures to minimize any negative impacts whilst trying to derive the maximum positive impacts from the project. Manafaru has very little coral cover after being degraded by the 1998 bleaching event. As it is important to be proactive in reef restoration, the resort management wishes to enhance the value of the island by propagating corals using the coral frame technique. The frames will be installed near the water villas and sparsely on the house reef. Coral fragments will be attached by a marine biologist and will develop into full colonies within a few years. Coral fragments from the house reef will provide a small number of fragments and will heal rapidly. Preference will be given to damaged colonies. 136 frames of 1m2 will be initially deployed, and after the first batch, the existing frames will provide fragments for transplantation. The project will start as soon as approval is granted, and as this is a long term project, it could span several years before completion. The island of Manafaru is located inside the northernmost atoll of the Maldives, and is subject to high winds and warming waters, which may be a cause of low coral survival. As the island is located in the middle of the atoll, the waves reaching its shores are diffraction of swells, and wind waves. As the energy encountered are of second magnitude, and the reef does not form a proper crest, the waves reach the island with less obstruction than most areas. Sand displacement depends on the predominant influence during different monsoons, forming a bulging beach rather than a sand tip.Item Environmental impact assessment for coastal works at Four Seasons Resort, Landaa Giraavaru, B. Atoll(2010-12) Systems Engineering and Marine ConsultingThe present report assesses the potential environmental impacts associated with the construction of headlands to prevent coastline erosion on the northern shoreline, an offshore breakwater about 30m from the shoreline and construction of an overwater bar on the northern side of the island and beach replenishment of the northern shoreline at B. Landaa Giraavaru.The island of Landaa Giraavaru has historically been eroding (Figure 2). During the construction phase, whilst the coastal works were being conducted, sand movement was hindered, and as a result a large amount of sand was retained on the south-eastern tip of the island. This caused sand depletion on the northern side, speeding up the erosion process that was already taking place naturally. The area under study near the restaurant and swimming pool is an important recreational area for the guests, although it is rarely used for snorkelling or bathing as it does not offer the most favourable conditions. In particular, the important exposed beach rock in this area makes sea access difficult for the snorkelers or swimmers. The eroding coastline exhibits numerous fallen trees and the water is murky as a result of the suspension of top soil in the water column in the near shore area.It is proposed to build some coastal structures, typically headlands and revetments, to retain the sand on the northern shore and replenish the beach using some material from the lagoon area. Three borrow areas are highlighted in the present proposal. To further maintain the coast, some offshore structures are proposed to break the coming waves as well as create habitat for lobsters.In addition, the management has decided on the construction of a new food and beverage outlet in the form of an overwater bar which will be located near the swimming pool area where the grill restaurant, Fuego is already present. Finally, the island is in constant need of sand to maintain the roads after heavy rains in particular. Some sand was previously collected from the accreting eastern side. This was particularly convenient as the pipes under the jetty were often getting buried, which was an operational nuisance. The present report therefore advises to continue with this practice.Item Addendum IV to development of a 190 rooms tourist resort on Lh. Kanifushi(2011-06) Systems Engineering and Marine ConsultingLh.Kanifushi was awarded to be developed as a tourist resort to Mohamed Nasheed. Initially to be developed by One and Half Degree Pvt. Ltd., and an EIA was submitted and approved. In a later development, Kanifushi Investment Pvt. Ltd took over and proposed a number of changes to be brought about in the site plans and submitted a new addendum, addendum III was submitted to get approval to start with the construction. Seamarc was the consultant for the initial EIA as well as the three addenda which were submitted afterwards. A number of issues presented in the different reports are still relevant at present and the bulk of the information is available in the main EIA report. The initial authorization was granted through decision note (88-ES / MIS / 2007/ 41) and the latest changes through decision note (88- DS / NI - KAN / 2010/ 30) which was partly carried out. The present addendum is necessary as Kanifushi Investment Pvt. Ltd. has obtained from the Ministry of Tourism the authorization to build 50 extra rooms in total provided the built up area remains within the regulations. The major differences brought about are listed below: • Change in the water jetty design and building of an additional 30 bungalows. • Additional 20 bungalows on the northern coastline of the island. The present addendum first presents the changes brought about in the design, followed by a discussion on the environmental consequences of these changes. Appropriate mitigation measures are presented together with alternative options. A summary table giving the pros and cons of the changes is given before concluding on the environmental appropriateness of the changes.Item Addendum V to environmental impact assessment for the development of a 200 bed tourist hotel on G. Dh. Magudhdhuvaa(2011-10) Systems Engineering and Marine ConsultingAn Environment Impact Assessment on the construction of a tourist resort on Magudhdhuvaa was submitted in 2008. After a review meeting with the Ministry of Transport and Environment, a first addendum to the EIA was submitted outlining the necessary clarifications. The EIA was approved, authorizing the proposed development. Several alterations were made to the layout after the initial designs were submitted and approved, and a second addendum was required to validate these alterations. The development of the resort commenced following the approval of the second addendum. However several alterations were made after the second addendum and a third was submitted and approved. A fourth addendum, regarding new developments, has been recently submitted for review by the Environmental Protection Agency. Now, Ahmet Aydeniz Maldives Pvt. Ltd. wishes to develop a protection wall in the harbour in addition to the developments authorized as per the decision notes (88‐ES/NI‐MAG/2008/3, 88‐DS/NI‐MAG/2010/10 and 88‐ES/NI‐MAG/2011/03) issued following the evaluation of the EIA and the previous addendums. The present addendum V first presents the changes brought by this structure about in the design, followed by a discussion on the environmental consequences of these changes. A summary table giving the pros and cons of the changes is finally given before concluding on the environmental appropriateness of the changes.Item Addendum III to environmental impact assessment for the development of a 200 bed tourist hotel on G. Dh. Magudhdhuvaa(2010-09-01) Systems Engineering and Marine ConsultingSince the beginning of the construction phase of the 200 bed resort project by Ahmet Aydeniz Pvt. Ltd. authorized by the MHTE (MEEW at the time) through a decision note (88-ES/NIMAG/ 2008/3), a number of issues have arose and a number of changes in the site plan have been made. Since some of these have an implication in terms of environmental impacts, MTDC, Ahmet Aydeniz Pvt. Ltd. and the environmental consultant were notified during a meeting with EPA that an amendment to the initial EIA should be submitted to get an authorization for these new developments. The present addendum is the third for this project, and deals with three major issues: - Due to a mis-location in the opening of the reef for the unloading area during construction works, the harbor shape has to be changed slightly to avoid a second opening in the reef crest on the eastern side - 13 additional bungalows have been granted by the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture, and located on the eastern side of the island - The jetty on the northern side of the island will be enlarged to allow for a refreshment area The present addendum III first presents the changes brought about in the design, followed by a discussion on the environmental consequences of these changes. A summary table giving the pros and cons of the changes is finally given before concluding on the environmental appropriateness of the changes.