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Technical Report
Addendum to environmental impact assessment for the Male’ west coast re-development project
(2016-01) Musthafa, Amir
This is the First Addendum to the approved main EIA prepared for the redevelopment of the Male’ west coast area. The main EIA was approved on 10th September 2015. The proponent of the project is Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure. This addendum is based on the proposed transplantation of 70 young coconut palms from K. Kaashidhoo to the on going Male’ West Coast Development project. It is a legal requirement under the Amended EIA Regulation 2012 that EIAs/Addendums be prepared and approved for projects that may generate negative environmental impacts. This Addendum has been prepared as per the approved Terms of Reference (TOR) on 7 December 2015. The scope of this EIA involves studying the existing environmental condition of the proposed project areas and surrounding environment, identifying potential environmental impacts, propose environmental management and mitigation measures to minimize environmental impacts and propose an environmental monitoring plan. The palms are to be uprooted from the site for the proposed construction of jail and from households. This site for jail construction is at the western end of the island and is under the Jurisdiction of Maldives Correctional Services. It is envisaged that the project will have several socio-economic benefits. This includes providing a means of shelter and relaxation to the community in Male’ City, especially in the Maafannu district. Moreover, it would assist in alleviating the burden these large no. of trees had been causing the community in K. Kaashidhoo. From this perspective, the project can be regarded as means to balance the amenities in both communities. The economic benefits to the coconut tree owners from the sale of the coconut palms could also be considered as a direct positive impact. Furthermore, the Kaashidhoo council had committed to plant 2 trees for each palm that has been removed in more strategic locations in the island, where tree plantation is required. Negative impacts include the holes that would be left after the digging. It may become a public nuisance, although the area is seldom used by the community. As a mitigation measure, the holes would be filled with sand available onsite, without the need for dredging. Provisions such as monitoring are proposed to understand the overall impacts of the project over the long term. Therefore, considering the beneficial nature of the project for both communities, and minimum environmental impact that can be easily mitigated, it is proposed to proceed with the project. However, it is recommended to have proper monitoring in place to observe any future impacts that project may result in.
Technical Report
Environmental audit of the existing desalination plant and powerhouse in Medhufushi Island Resort
(2011-08) Jameel, Ahmed; Musthafa, Amir
This report has been prepared in order to assess the environmental performance of the existing desalination plant and powerhouse in Medhufushi island resort for the purpose of registration of the plants according to the requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency of Maldives. This report focuses only on the desalination plant and powerhouse of the resort development and associated areas of impact. The major effects the existing plants may have on the environment include the following impacts; ‐ Impact on energy and water resources ‐ Impact on coral cover in the reef ‐ Impact on marine life in the lagoon ‐ Impact on ground water quality ‐ Impact on marine water quality ‐ Visual impacts ‐ Impact due to noise pollution Such significant environmental issues can be resolved by implementing mitigation measures outlined in the document. The audited facility at Medhufushi Island can be regarded as being in compliance, despite few issues that require mitigation. The plant site is among the better sites observed in the Maldives. There were minimum leaks and maintenance had been undertaken on a regular basis, while appropriate safety measures were also taken. General operations and maintenance was up to standards as experienced staff was given the responsibilities of maintaining the plant. The resort management and staff should do their utmost to maintain the water quality standards and follow the environmental monitoring program outlined in this report for the sustainable use of the plants.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed mixed residential building development at Hulhumale’, plot no. D1-1
(2017-02-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 12 storey social mixed residential luxury building construction in Hulhumale’, in Plot No. D1 -1. The project is being developed by Sandal Mauritius Pvt. Ltd. A contractor has not been chosen yet. Upon completion of construction, the building will be handed over to the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure, to be leased out to tenants as part of the social housing program. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works due to the fact that the structure exceeds 10 storeys as specified in the EIA regulation ‘Jadhuvalu R’ in the list of type of projects for which EIAs are required. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is in addition to the larger program by the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure and HDC to enable housing opportunities for people living in the Greater Male’ area. Apartments in this particular building is to be targeted towards social housing scheme. The project will contribute to the grand plan of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing morehousing opportunities in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. However the structure faces the Central Park, albeit the undeveloped section of the park. There are also upcoming projects adjacent to the proposed development. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : coastal modifications project Funadhoo, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives
(2017-04-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed coastal infrastructure works related to reclamation, shore protection and dredging a new entrance channel in Funadhoo, Kaafu Atoll. Funadhoo is located in Kaafu atoll, 1 km away from the Ibrahim Nasir International Airport, in Hulhule’. The operations of the island are under State Trading Organisation (STO). An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the project as the coastal modification works fall under the ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. This EIA is based on the following coastal related works: •Modifications to the North Harbour •Reclamation of the Southern side of the island The works include the following: •Closing existing entrance channel •Dredging a new entrance channel •Construction of breakwater and revetment •Construction of a new bollard •Construction of an additional sheet piled quay wall. •Reclamation of 0.6 Ha of land on the south side. •Protecting the reclaimed shoreline From the proposed project components, the following are the most environmentally sensitive works •Closing existing entrance channel •Dredging a new channel •Recalamation •Construction of breakwater and revetment The project is based on the coastal works in Funadhoo Island, Kaafu Atoll. The island is located at coordinates 4o05’02.01” N and 73o30’44.93” E and is about just 400m north of the capital Male’. It is the closest industrial island to the capital. The island is most famous for fuel storage and is the main source of fuel supply in the Maldives. STO informs that over 70% of the Maldives fuel reserve is held in this small island. The study area encompasses the entire shoreline of the island, in addition to the lagoon and reef on the southwest and eastern side of the island. This EIA has been prepared by Amir Musthafa, a registered environmental consultant experienced in both environmental consultancy and coastal engineering works. The consultant has been actively engaged in coastal projects in the Maldives for the past 5 years. Amir was assisted by Nafha Aujaz, an environmental science graduate and a registered temporary consultant. Funadhoo island is due a massive upgrade on its operation and increase in fuel capacity. With the development in various industries in the Maldives, supply and use of fuel has been increasing. Funadhoo is the island use for fuel storage by one of the biggest fuel suppliers in the Maldives, State Trading Organisation Plc. (STO). Therefore, with the increase in demand, facilities in Funadhoo require to be upgraded. As such this project proposed the 2 main developments or modifications to the islands coastal infrastructure. Tried and trusted standard methodology was used for the observations and study of the existing environment and subsequently to determine the potential impacts to the environment. The most significant impact from the project is the loss of habitat due to the dredging and reclamation; process. However, this is inevitable and also a short term impact. Live coral cover in the work area is virtually non existent. Moderate impacts of concern include the temporary loss of water quality due to increased turbidity from the dredging and reclamation works, water stagnation in the north harbour, and general impacts such as due to mismanagement of waste and health and safety issues. There are other general impacts such as the generation of noise health hazards during construction stage. These impacts can be mitigated by following best practices at the work place such as use of boundary walls to demarcate project area, warning sign boards, and use of protective equipment and clothing. Other main mitigation measures include proper planning of the project before mobilisation, and construction of bund wall on the south side to prevent sedimentation. There are bigger positive impacts from the project such as enabling the full use of the north harbour throughout the year, better shore protection to the south side, ensure safer movability in the island, etc. Since it’s a coastal project, there are considerable alternatives to consider. Major alternatives include implementation of a continuous nourishment program, construction of near shore breakwaters, construction of off shore breakwaters, creating feeder headlands and other similar designs. The main alternative discussed is the no project option. However, mainly due to the current great need of the project, this alternative is rejected. Since the coastal components have been designed based on the local environment, it is recommended that most of the components proceed as proposed. It is critical to have the rock bund in place before reclamation to prevent excessive sedimentation and loss of sand. It is recommended to properly undertake shoreline monitoring to observe changes, and bring alteration to the breakwater structure as necessary. A comprehensive monitoring plan is provided at the end of the report. Monitoring is recommended to take place every month during the construction stage, once every 3 months for 1 year after the construction phase, and once each year for 5 years. Shoreline, water quality, status of the marine environment has been recommended to be monitored with these frequencies using standard methods as used in this report. After careful consideration of the need for the project, the viable alternatives available, and the impacts the project component causes, it is recommended that the project proceed as proposed. However, it is also recommended to provide a greater emphasis on undertaking proper environment monitoring as there are many unknowns in such a project and the design may need to be ‘fine tuned’ based on subsequent observations as outlined in the monitoring plan. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures proposed in this report is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : mariculture project for sea cucumber harvesting at Makunudhoo, Haa Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives
(2013-05-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed Mariculture project in HDh. Makunudhoo Island. The proponent of the project is Biosphere Investment Pvt. Ltd., a firm set up to undertake mariculture and/or agricultural investments in the country. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under the ‘Jadhuvalu: Raa’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on the environmental sustainability of the project. The major findings of this report are based on qualitative and quantitative assessments undertaken during consultations; research and site visit between February 2013 and April 2013. Available long-term data were collected from available sources, such as long-term data on meteorology and climate from local and global databases. Project is to take place at a 1 Ha land area on the southern tip of Makunudhoo island, with an additional 10 Ha of lagoon area dedicated for the works. This EIA report analyses the impacts of the project by dividing the project into 3 sections: Construction of infrastructure, establishment and use of utilities, handling and harvesting sea cucumbers. This EIA will cover the full scale of the project. The project proposes to clear the entire area without the removal of larger plants, while also ensuring minimum impact is felt on the area immediate to the existing shoreline. To ensure this, a vegetation buffer zone of 20m from the shoreline will be maintained around the project site. The second phase of the project will require 3 HA of land, therefore this EIA will cover this land area. However, approval for the 3 HA has not been obtained, and the approval will be submitted to the regulatory bodies before work commences on this area. The project requires power, water, and sewerage facilities to be provided on site. The project proposes to utilise the island mains power supply as the primary power source, while establishing several backup power generators. Septic tanks will be built for sewerage facilities, and rain water will be collected as the primary source of drinking water. Additionally, sea water will be pumped to be used for the project, and the waste brine will be discharged after treatment. The main component of the project is handling, harvesting and exporting the sea cucumber species Holuthuria scabra, also known as ‘sand fish’. The species is not a native species to the Maldivian environment; however it has been imported and grown in the country at a large scale in other similar projects. This project proposes to use this locally available broodstock material to commence operation. The client additionally wishes to import broodstock from abroad, possible from Sri Lanka or Malaysia in the near future, after obtaining the necessary approvals. Currently the project has only been approved by the Fisheries Ministry to utilise local broodstock. This EIA covers the impact on importing new broodstock and the function the species will play as an invasive species in the local environment. The impacts that were analysed for the different stages of the project resulted in the following outcomes. •Construction of infrastructure for the proposed project will only have minimum environmental impacts, •Impacts from the use of utilities and services including water and waste management will lead to moderate impacts. •The actual culture, harvesting and handling of sandfish has the potential to have significant environmental impacts •The project has numerous socio-economic benefits which is favourable on both a local and national level. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for each significant project component have been given. The most significant alternative is to entertain the no project option for the entire project, by weighing the pros and cons of undertaking the project. Additionally, alternatives for the project sites, species to be used, use and discharge of water and sewage, and energy source is discussed in greater detail. The environmental impact of the alternatives are discussed and the preferred alternatives are given. This study does not favour the no project option and recommends an alternative source of energy for the project, and also the establishment of a sewerage treatment plant, and a solid waste management centre. It is also recommended to have the site restricted to the public both from the land and the lagoon, with a buffer area of 100m in the lagoon. It is recommended to continue to monitor the impacts of the proposed project by regular monitoring of ground water, marine water and the changing marine environment. It is not anticipated that there will be significant changes to the terrestrial environment after the initial site clearance and therefore this component has not been proposed to be intensely studied. A two stage-monitoring plan is given, which recommends monthly monitoring during the 1st year and less frequent monitoring for the next 5 years. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment. The positive socio economic and environmental impacts from the project far outweigh the negative impacts. In addition to the economic advantages, if the proponent establishes the mitigation measures given in this report and undertakes regular monitoring, while also involving the community in educational or awareness programs, the project can lead the way in environmental sustainability for the community at both a local and national level. Therefore it is highly recommended that this project take place as proposed with these measures in place.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed 10 storey building construction in G. Hiyaakuri, Male’
(2017-03-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 10 storey building construction at the residence, G. Hiyaakuri in the capital city, Male‟. The project is being developed and constructed by Nalahiya Construction Pvt. Ltd., which will undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. The proponent of the project is Ibrahim Waheed Ali. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under „Jadhuvalu R‟ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in the heart of Male‟. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site, although there are some roadside vegetation in the area. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male‟, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. As could be seen from the data, this area does not encourage much traffic relative to the busier roads in Male‟. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were in good condition. Older buildings were mostly single storey structures. Therefore, serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The report does recommend to undertake a structural defects inspection study of the buildings in the same block as the proposed site by civil engineering experts. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male‟, there is no particular long term impact associated with this project. The impacts that do occur however can be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure also needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road and vegetation on the road during transport of machinery and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design also, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male‟, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted. There are numerous such projects being undertaken currently in Male‟. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with precautions and mitigation measures in place.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed 10 storey building in M. Dhoonifushi, Male’
(2017-05) އާމިރު މުސްތަފާ; Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 10 storey building construction at the residence, M. Dhoonifushi in the capital city, Male‟. The building is being constructed by Seven Weeks Construction Pvt. Ltd. The proponent of the project is Mr. Jawad Shakeel. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under „Jadhuvalu R‟ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in Orchid Magu, Male‟. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site, although there are some roadside vegetation in the area. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male‟, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. As could be seen from the data, this area has moderate traffic. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were in general conditions with few masonry cracks as is the case in most of buildings. Older buildings were mostly single storey structures. Therefore, serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male‟, there is no particular long term impact associated with this project. The impacts that do occur however can be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure also needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road during transport of machinery and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male‟, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted. There are numerous such projects being undertaken currently in Male‟. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with precautions and mitigation measures in place.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed 14 storey building construction in G. Hudhukoka, Male'
(2018-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 14 storey building construction at the residence, G. Hudhukoka in the capital city, Male’. The proponent is Mohamed Hassan Fulhu. The proponent has appointed the contractor, Caution Construction Pvt. Ltd. to undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in central areas of Male’. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male’, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. The project area endures heavy traffic. This is further exasperated due to limited space on the roads, resulting in frequent traffic jams. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were old structures and maybe prone to some damages. A more detailed assessment was undertaken in 2013, and there is no major difference visually in the past 4-5 years. Serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in Male’ and based on literature. A cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male’, there is no particular long term impact associated with this project, albeit an increase in cumulative impacts. The main reason an EIA was required for the project was due to the height of the building, which consequently results in a large population living in the same ecological footprint. The notable impacts that do occur can be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure also needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road and disruption to traffic during transport of machinery and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable, as construction is taking place in the owners only currently available land. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of green walls, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Monitoring can be undertaken successfully by incorporating environmental monitoring in building maintenance setup. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are provided. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male’, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, as is the case for all similar projects, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted, none that the island community is not yet enduring. It is thus recommended that given the positive socio economic impacts from the project far outweighs localised negative impacts, it is advisable to allow the project to proceed as proposed.
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Environmental impact assessment : proposed 8 storey building development with basement in Ma. Gongali, Male'
(2019-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 08 Storey Building Construction with Basement at the residence, Ma. Gongali in the capital city, Male’. The project is being developed and by the proponent and one of the land lords, Mr. Mohamed Fazeeh. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. Specifically, the inclusion of a basement comes under the Regulation. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area. The project is based in Male in the Machangoalhi district, in Rahdhebai Magu. There is no notable natural terrestrial environment at site as generally the case. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male’, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. The project area does endure moderate traffic relative to the general traffic conditions in Male’. A visual exterior inspection of the existing structures in the area was also observed. Serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The structure south of the project site is very old and vulnerable to impacts during excavation. However, regular contact had been established by the proponent and the landlord of the property and any damages would be repaired by the proponent. The condition of the road in the area is generally good. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. Considering the numerous other similar projects being simultaneously undertaken in Male’, there is considerable cumulative impacts overall from all these projects. The main cause for concern regarding such projects is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. The main reason an EIA was required for the project was due to the basement in the structure. Most impacts that do occur can also be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them as most similar projects in Male’. Mitigation measure proposed includes initially creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Signboards are recommended to be placed at all times. Additionally a labourer watchman should be placed at the site ground floor to guide any pedestrians passing the project area. Project vehicles and materials not taking up the parking space around the project area is also an important measure. Freeing up parking space near the project area for continuous flow of traffic. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage including timing of the project works. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure will also be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road and disruption to traffic during transport of machinery, material and equipment. As the proposed project is virtually at the center of Male’, dewatering pipes will be lengthy and will cause obstruction to a large number of pedestrians. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of green walls, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the cumulative impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male’, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, as is the case for all these similar developments, it can be concluded that no significant long-term project specific impacts are predicted. None that the island community is not currently enduring. The same conclusion had been derived for all similar building construction projects in Male’. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with proposed precautions and mitigation measures as provided under the published guidelines and recommended in this study, especially with regards to site safety. Furthermore, it is discussed on the importance of strengthening legislation to ensure sustainability of these types of building projects and to improve the worsening living conditions in Male’.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed borehole construction for the existing desalination plant facility at Maldives inflight catering Hulhule’
(2013-10-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed borehole construction works for the existing desalination plant at Maldives Inflight Catering (MIC) in Hulhule’. The facility is located North of the island. Access to the structure is mainly by ferries and by bus operated by Hulhule’ Island Hotel, which at approximately 100m away, is the nearest establishment. The operation and maintenance of the desalination plant is carried out by the staff of MIC. The borehole construction works have been contracted to Maldives Water and Sewerage Company (MWSC). An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under the ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions in an environmentally sound manner. MIC provides high quality catering services to a large number of high-class international clients and is required to give high quality services. The new establishment initiated 9 years ago was a massive step towards providing this service. Despite the fact that the existing RO plant facility is one of the best such facilities in the Maldives, there had been several issues faced due to the inconsistent volumes of water obtained from the water intake. As such, the need for the borehole construction was recognized. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found on literature and the results indicate that the proposed project has minimum negative impact and thus have an overall net positive outcome. The main environmental positive impacts comes from the fact that use of borehole will stop the intake of small organisms from the water intake pipeline, as has continuously occurred. Moreover, from the clients perspective, the borehole gives greater control to the client and can be easily managed especially since it would be within the facility. Alternative options to constructing and using the borehole as the primary source of water are discussed. As such, it is recommended to construct a new sea water intake pipeline at a later stage to be used as a backup water intake to the borehole. The added benefit of having an alternative source of water for the RO process is favourable for an establishment such as MIC. The need for a reliable water source, which would consistently provide water in line with the automated processes of the RO plant, is high, as any disruption to services will be unacceptable by the clientele at this level. The methodology of construction as proposed by the contractor is recommended, since it has been successfully implemented in several other projects in the Maldives without significant detrimental impacts to the environment. It is recommended to continue to monitor the impacts of the proposed project by regular monitoring of ground water, marine water and product water quality. A two stage monitoring plan is given, which recommends quarterly monitoring during the 1st year and less frequent monitoring for the next 5 years. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment. It is thus recommended that given the positive socio economic and environmental impacts from the project far outweighs the minor negative impacts, and since the project has major socio-economic benefits and environmental benefits, it is advisable to allow the project to proceed as proposed.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed development of 10 storey apartment building with basement in M. Two Friends, Male'
(2018-02) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 10 storey building construction with basement at the residence, M. Two Friends in the capital city, Male‟. The project is being developed and constructed by the proponent, Rasheed Carpentry and Construction Pvt. Ltd. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under „Jadhuvalu R‟ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. Specifically, the inclusion of a basement comes under the Regulation. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in the western side of Male‟ in Maaveyo Magu. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male‟, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. The project area does endures moderate traffic relative to the general traffic conditions in Male‟. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were old structures and maybe prone to some damages. However, serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male‟, there is no particular long term impact associated specific to this project, albeit an increase in cumulative impacts. The main reason an EIA was required for the project was due to the basement construction and associated impacts. These can be mitigated by restricting the type of storage materials in the area, implementing fire safety systems, and proper mechanical ventilation and drainage. MNDF fire and rescue services require smoke vent sysms to be in place in the basement. Furthermore, submersible pumps are proposed for the project as well as general mechanical ventilation. The other impacts that do occur can also be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure will also be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road and disruption to traffic during transport of machinery, material and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of green walls, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. These are general alternatives proposed for all similar projects. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. It is vital to have a building monitoring and maintenance body in place and to engage them in the monitoring program as continuous data can only be collected then. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male‟, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term project specific impacts are predicted, none that the island community is not yet enduring. The same conclusion had been derived for all similar building construction projects in Male‟. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with proposed precautions and mitigation measures as provided under the published guidelines and recommended in this study.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed development of 11 storey apartment building with basement in M. White Bardy, Male’
(2018-03-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 10 storey building construction with basement at the residence, M. White Bardy in the capital city, Male’. The project is being developed and by the proponent Mr. Ahmed Shareef. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. Specifically, the inclusion of a basement comes under the Regulation. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in the western side of Male’ in Kanba Aisa Rani Higun. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site as expected. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male’, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. The project area does endures moderate traffic relative to the general traffic conditions in Male’. A visual exterior inspection of the existing structures in the area was also observed. Serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male’, there is no particular long term impact associated specific to this project, albeit an increase in cumulative impacts. The main reason an EIA was required for the project was due to the basement construction and associated impacts. These can be mitigated by restricting the type of storage materials in the area, implementing fire safety systems, and proper mechanical ventilation and drainage. Submersible pumps are proposed for the project as well as mechanical ventilation. The other main impact is due to noise and air pollution during construction on the nearby Hiriya school. Most impacts that do occur can also be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Not utilising the parking space around the project area is also an important measure. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure will also be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road and disruption to traffic during transport of machinery, material and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of green walls, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male’, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term project specific impacts are predicted, none that the island community is not yet enduring. The same conclusion had been derived for all similar building construction projects in Male’. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with proposed precautions and mitigation measures as provided under the published guidelines and recommended in this study. Furthermore, it is discussed on the importance of strengthening legislation to ensure sustainability of these types of building projects
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed development of 15 storey mixed residential building at M. Chanbeylee Vilaa, Male’
(2018-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 15 storey mixed residential building construction with basement at the residence, M. Chanbeylee Villa in the capital city, Male‟. The project is being developed and constructed by the proponent Mr. Shiham Rasheed An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under „Jadhuvalu R‟ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. Specifically, the inclusion of a basement comes under the Regulation. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in the western side of Male‟ in Majeedhee Magu. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male‟, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. The project area does endures moderate traffic relative to the general traffic conditions in Male‟. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were old structures and maybe prone to some damages. However, serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male‟, there is no particular long term impact associated specific to this project, albeit an increase in cumulative impacts. The main reason an EIA was required for the project was due to the basement construction and associated impacts. These can be mitigated by restricting the type of storage materials in the area, implementing fire safety systems, and proper mechanical ventilation and drainage. Submersible pumps are proposed for the project as well as mechanical ventilation. The other impacts that do occur can also be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure will also be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road and disruption to traffic during transport of machinery, material and equipment. Additionally, water tanks should be incorporated as part of the project to cater for both booster pumps and wet rise system, which are requirements for the building. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of green walls, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male‟, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term project specific impacts are predicted, none that the island community is not yet enduring. The same conclusion had been derived for all similar building construction projects in Male‟. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with proposed precautions and mitigation measures as provided under the published guidelines and recommended in this study.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed luxury apartment complex at Hulhumale’ – K park residence
(2017-03-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 14 storey luxury mixed residential luxury building construction in Hulhumale’, ‘K Park Residence’ in Plot No. D2-1B. The project is being developed by Hanbo Pvt. Ltd. Construction works are set to be undertaken by Nalahiya Trading Pvt Ltd. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between Hanbo Pvt. Ltd. and Housing Development Corporation (HDC), and due to the fact that the structure exceeds 10 storeys as specified in the EIA regulation ‘Jadhuvalu R’ in the list of type of projects for which EIAs are required. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is in addition to the larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale’. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to lower class members of the community. The proposed development is a luxurious development targeted towards the upper-class market. The project will contribute to the grand plan of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing more high quality housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 such housing units built in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed mixed residential apartment complex at Hulhumale’ at plot D6-1C
(2017-03-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 12 storey mixed residential luxury building construction in Hulhumale’ including terrace, in Plot No. D6 – 1C. The project is being developed by Sandal Mauritius Pvt. Ltd. A contractor has not been assigned for the project yet. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between Sandal Mauritius Pvt. Ltd. and Housing Development Corporation (HDC). In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale’. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to lower class members of the community. The project will contribute to the grand plan of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing more housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 such housing units built in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. However, Renaatus Projects Pvt. Ltd. is building a similar structure adjacent to the site. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Further impacts to the adjacent construction site is foreseen. However, this can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction EIA for the proposed mixed residential apartment complex at Hulhumale’ in Plot D6 1C x methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed mixed residential apartment complex in plot no. C1-1 Hulhumale’ –FW construction
(2017-05) އާމިރު މުސްތަފާ; Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed mixed residential building construction in Plot No. C1- 1, Hulhumale‟. 12 storeys of the 14 storey structure will be allocated for residential purposes. The project is being developed by FW Construction Pvt. Ltd. and constructed by the same group. They are to undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between FW Construction. and Housing Development Corporation (HDC). In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale‟. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale‟. Therefore, many similar EIAs has been done recently. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to upper class members of the community. The project will contribute to the grand plan by the government of reducing congestion in Male‟ by providing more housing opportunities in Hulhumale‟. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 such housing units built in Hulhumale‟. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. Sandhura Apartment 4 towers is proposed to be built in the land north of the proposed site. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Further impacts to the adjacent construction site is foreseen. However, this can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are EIA for the proposed mixed residential building in Plot No. C1 1, Hulhumale’ x outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male‟ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male‟ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed mixed residential apartment complex in plot no. c2-4, Hulhumale’ – Raincrest Residence
(2017-04-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed mixed residential building construction in Plot No. C2- 4, Hulhumale’. 12 storeys of the 14 storey structure will be allocated for residential purposes. The project is being developed by Rainbow Singhal Developers Pvt. Ltd. and constructed by Rainbow Construction Pvt. Ltd. They are to undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between Rainbow Singhal Developers Pvt. Ltd. and Housing Development Corporation (HDC). In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale’. Therefore, many similar EIAs has been done recently. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to upper class members of the community. The project will contribute to the grand plan by the government of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing more housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 such housing units built in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. There are no structures that are known to be built in the immediate future as well. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Further impacts to the adjacent construction site is foreseen. However, this can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed mixed residential apartment complex in plot No. D7-1, Hulhumale’
(2017-06) އާމިރު މުސްތަފާ; Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed mixed residential building construction in Plot No. D7- 1, Hulhumale’. Two towers will be constructed, one 12 storeys and the other 14 storeys. Both structures will have ground and first floor dedicated for parking and commercial areas. Rest of the floors will be allocated for residential purposes. The project is being developed by Mega Infra Projects Pvt. Ltd. and constructed by the same group. They are to undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between Mega Infra Projects Pvt. Ltd. and Housing Development Corporation (HDC). In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale’. Therefore, many similar EIAs has been done recently. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to upper class members of the community. The project will contribute to the grand plan by the government of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing more housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 such housing units built in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. However, one of the first projects in this mixed residential apartment building program, Amin Avenue is near the project site and is nearing completion and will be populated soon. Likewise, Treetop hospital is also near the project site. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Further impacts to surrounding areas are foreseen. However, this can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Alternative methods in managing and undertaking maintenance of the building is proposed. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : proposed MWSC port construction project Gulhifalhu, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives
(2017-05) އާމިރު މުސްތަފާ; Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed harbour works related Gulhifalhu, Kaafu Atoll. Gulhifalhu is located in Kaafu atoll, 5 km away from the Ibrahim Nasir International Airport, in Hulhule’. The operations of the island are under Gulhifalhu Investment Limited (GIL). However, the area in which the proposed development is to take place have been leased to MWSC on long term basis. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the project as the coastal modification works fall under the ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. This EIA is based on the following coastal related works: • Dredging an entrance channel and basin • Construction of harbour structures Gulhifalhu is an island that is currently designated for light to medium industrial level activities in the greater Male’ region. The major stakeholder of the island is Gulhifalhu Investment Limited (GIL), which is a state owned corporation formulated to attract investment to the island and overall development of Gulhifalhu. This EIA has been prepared by Amir Musthafa, a registered environmental consultant experienced in both environmental consultancy and coastal engineering works. The consultant has been actively engaged in coastal projects in the Maldives for the past 5 years. Amir was assisted by Mahfooz abdul Wahaab and Ibrahim Rashiu Adam, both environmental consultants. MWSC is in great need to streamline supply of manufactured materials to islands for different projects. Currently the main harbour area MWSC use for this purpose is in Hulhumale’ and Male’. This requires a lot of materials produced in to be transported within the greater Male’ region, which incurs high unnecessary costs. Therefore to make material transport more feasible and convenient in the long term, and to improve the services offered by MWSC to its various clients in the inner Atolls, there was a need to construct a harbour on the industrial land in Gulhifalhu which was already designated for MWSC. Tried and trusted standard methodology was used for the observations and study of the existing environment and subsequently to determine the potential impacts to the environment. The most significant impact from the project is the loss of habitat due to the dredging on the reef crest for the purpose on an entrance channel. However, this is inevitable. Live coral cover EIA for the proposed MWSC port construction project, Gulhifalhu, Kaa fu Atoll Proponent: MWSC ix in the work area is virtually non existent. Major impact from the project is nevertheless due to the removal of the reef crest to make the entrance channel to the harbour, thereby weakening the reef structure. This is an unavoidable impact if the harbour has to be developed on this area with the proposed design. Moderate impacts of concern include the temporary loss of water quality due to increased turbidity from the dredging works, and general impacts such as due to mismanagement of waste and health and safety issues. There are other general impacts such as the generation of noise health hazards during construction stage. These impacts can be mitigated by following best practices at the work place such as use of boundary walls to demarcate project area, warning sign boards, and use of protective equipment and clothing. Other main mitigation measures include proper planning of the project before mobilisation. There are bigger positive impacts from the project such as enabling the full use of the industrial area. Since it’s a coastal project, there are considerable alternatives to consider. Major alternatives include construction of the harbour on the eastern side of the island facing the lagoon rather than the deep sea, changing the layout of the harbour, changing materials used, etc. A comprehensive monitoring plan is provided at the end of the report. Monitoring is recommended to take place every month during the construction stage, once every 3 months for 1 year after the construction phase, and once each year for 5 years. Shoreline, water quality, status of the marine environment has been recommended to be monitored with these frequencies using standard methods as used in this report. After careful consideration of the need for the project, the viable alternatives available, and the impacts the project component causes, it is recommended that the project proceed as proposed. The preferred alternative is to construct the harbour on the eastern side, which will not have the said impacts on the reef and will also ensure a safer harbour area for vessels. However, due to plans by GIL for future developments in Gulhifalhu, it had been informed that this can not be entertained at this stage. It is recommended to undertake proper environment monitoring as there are many unknowns in such a project and the design may need to be refined based on subsequent observations as outlined in the monitoring plan. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures proposed in this report is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment : prposed 10 storey building in M. Dhoonifushi, Male’
(2017-05) އާމިރު މުސްތަފާ; Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 10 storey building construction at the residence, M. Dhoonifushi in the capital city, Male‟. The building is being constructed by Seven Weeks Construction Pvt. Ltd. The proponent of the project is Mr. Jawad Shakeel. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under „Jadhuvalu R‟ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in Orchid Magu, Male‟. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site, although there are some roadside vegetation in the area. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male‟, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. As could be seen from the data, this area has moderate traffic. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were in general conditions with few masonry cracks as is the case in most of buildings. Older buildings were mostly single storey structures. Therefore, serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male‟, there is no particular long term impact associated with this project. The impacts that do occur however can be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure also needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road during transport of machinery and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male‟, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted. There are numerous such projects being undertaken currently in Male‟. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with precautions and mitigation measures in place.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for beach nourishment, Anantara Kihavah Villas, Baa Atoll, Maldives
(2013-05) Zahid; Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed beach nourishment works in Anantara Kihavah Villas, also known as Kihavah Huravalhi. The island is located in Baa atoll, 133 away from the Ibrahim Nasir International Airport in Hulhule’. Access to the island is mainly by sea planes. The operations of the resort island are under Anantara Hotels and Resorts, which is a renowned luxurious hotel group. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under the ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions in an environmentally sound manner, thereby ensuring the environmental sustainability of the project. In order to ensure a uniform volume of beach is available all around the island for its guests throughout the year, the operators have started undertaking a biannual sand pumping operation in the island recently. Beach Nourishment works at Kihavah is carried out by pumping sand from the lagoon to replenish 250m length of the eroded shoreline on the SW side. The proposed program is a continuous process for Kihavah, in order to maintain beach area available throughout the year for its guests. The process is integral in maintaining guest satisfaction and the overall quality of the resort. Sand for the nourishment is obtained from the lagoon on the SW side of the island, 70m away from the shoreline. The borrow area is 100 – 150m away from the reef edge on the SW side of the island. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for the project components have been given Alternative methods are proposed, such as use of Sand filled nylon bags laid side by side perpendicular to the shoreline in the form of temporary groynes. The groyne field is proposed to be relocated depending on the seasonal variation to the long shore sediment transport. Sand will be pumped to a small extent to fill the sand bags. Further alternatives such as the use of hard engineering structures are also given, such as, creations of near shore breakwaters, rock revetments and creating feeder headlands have been looked into, but not recommended to be implemented in this environment. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found on literature and the results indicate that the proposed project has a net positive impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures has been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. In general, soft engineering techniques, as used for this project are favourable to the environment and it is the wish of the operators that such techniques be employed as much as possible without resorting to hard engineering solutions. Furthermore, the minor negative impacts from the project will be localised to the small lagoon in which Kihavah is located. Since there are no other islands in the lagoon, there will be no impacts on any neighbouring communities. It is recommended to continue to monitor the impacts of the proposed project by regular monitoring of shorelines and near shore currents and the changing marine environment. A two stage monitoring plan is given, which recommends monthly monitoring during the 1st year and less frequent monitoring for the next 5 years. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment. Beach nourishment is widely regarded as an environmentally friendly method to combat coastal erosion. It is thus recommended that given the positive socio economic and environmental impacts from the project far outweighs the few negative local impacts, and since the project has major socio-economic benefits, it is advisable to allow the project to proceed as proposed.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the proposed 11-storey building construction at Ma. Andhalus, Male’
(2016-02) Jameel, Ahmed; Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 11 storey building construction at the residence, Ma. Andhalus in the capital city, Male‟. The project is being developed and constructed by FEDO Pvt. Ltd. They are to undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under „Jadhuvalu R‟ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in the heart of Male‟, more towards the southern side. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site, The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male‟, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. As could be seen from the data, this area does not encourage much traffic relative to the busier roads in Male‟. There were several existing construction sites in the neighbourhood. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were in good condition. Older buildings were mostly single storey structures. Therefore, serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum. However, the report recommends to undertake a structural defects inspection study of the buildings in the same block as the proposed site by civil engineering experts. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male‟, there is no particular long term impact associated with this project. One significant impact specific to this project is the cumulative impact on the neighbourhood due to the sheer no. of construction projects that are simultaneously undertaken in the area. The impacts that do occur however can be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. The first mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include properly demarcating the area, putting up dust screens, and taking other protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures. Dewatering procedure also needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. During the operation stage of the project, parking and waste management are issues of note. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. Regarding project design, a few alternatives are recommended such as providing a green area at the terrace, while the pros and cons of making a larger parking area is also discussed. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male‟, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with precautions and mitigation measures in place.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the proposed 14 storey building construction in G. Hudhukoka, Male’
(2013-12) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 14 storey building construction at the residence, G. Hudhukoka in the capital city, Male’. The owners of the land have appointed Zonal Construction Pvt. Ltd. to undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Male’ city council for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a heavily built area in the heart of Male’. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site, with virtually no vegetation to be seen. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male’, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. As could be seen from the data, this area could possibly be the busiest and most populated shopping area in Male’ at any given time. Due to the congested nature of the area, the existing condition of buildings nearby was important to be investigated. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were quite old and prone to vibration impacts. However, serious structural defects were at a minimum. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found on literature. Since the development is undertaken in a heavily built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures has been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, and safety concerns. The major longer-term impact is the effect the construction may have on neighbouring structures. These impacts can however be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. The first mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended to prevent impact on neighbouring structures, and also dewatering procedure needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. Regarding project design, a few alternatives are recommended such as changing the design of balcony railings for safety reasons, provide a green area at the terrace, while the pros and cons of making a parking area, or a mini mall in the building is also discussed. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male’, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built area, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with few minor changes.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the proposed agriculture project in Funadhoo, Gaafu Alifu Atoll
(2017-09) Musthafa, Amir; Wahhab, Mahfooz Abdul; Adam, Rashihu
The proposed project is to undertake an Agricultural Project located in the island of Funadhoo in North Huvadhoo Atoll at 0°33’42.85” N and 73°31’33.83”E. The nearest airport is Koodoo airport approximately 20km north of Funadhoo. This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared in order to meet the requirements of Clause 5 of the Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of the Maldives to assess the impacts of the proposed Agriculture Project in GA. Funadhoo. The main components of the project include: creating accessibility to the island, Vegetation clearance, setting up utilities, harvesting local produce, and livestock farming. Currently, about 90% of fruits and vegetables are imported from overseas to the Maldives. The majority of this food are transported to the tourist resorts and a major portion of the remainder is used by the people of Male’, Hulhumale’, Villingili and nearby islands. The quality of the fruits and vegetables which reaches the atolls is therefore, compromised and not adequate for the population in terms of quality and volume. Therefore, there has always been great need to improve on this condition. As such, one of the main objectives of this project is to meet the needs of the local communities. Interms of harvesting and growth, based on the available land, the growing area will be allocated in a manner which has minimal effects on the natural habitat and trees to effect minimum interruption. One hectare will be designed with net houses to grow most vegetables, such as cucumber, chili, tomato, capsicum and sweet melon. In addition to that, availability of affordable fruits and vegetables to the local communities in Huvadhoo Atoll will be a priority. Goods will be produced using locally available fertilizers in order to promote healthy vegetables and fruits. Another eight hectares will be used for open growing such as coconut trees, banana, papaya, pumpkin, and sweet potatoes. A two hectare area will be allocated for facility development as well as maintaining livestock. This will help to maintain a naturally fertile land and make fresh meat available in the local area. A 30kVA gensets will be established at the project site in the powerhouse, along with Two 5kVA gensets. A 10 ton RO plant will be placed in the island along with a 6 ton plant for back up. 3 septic tank systems will be put in place as sewerage system. A rainwater collection system for building roofs would be built to subsidize and support the water production facility. A micro sprinkler system will be laid along the farm for irrigation purposes. Disease control and quarantine facilities will be in place. The project is expected to be completed in 12 months. Regarding existing environment, there are no declared environmentally sensitive areas on Funadhoo island. 9 different types of vegetation species were found on Funadho during the survey. Majority of the mature trees in the island were Screw pines, typical coastal vegetation and coconut palms. It is expected that about 30 to 40 percentage of vegetation will be removed as part of the works. However, coastal vegetation will not be removed and a 20m buffer area will be maintained. The island undergoes erosion on the eastern oceanward side, although a substantial beach could be found on the western atollward side. Groundwater quality of the island was surprisingly poor, with large number of coliforms. Eastern lagoon was covered with seagrass beds, while the seagrass beds were present only near the coast on the Western side. It was observed that the Eastern lagoon was shallower compared to the Western side, having less than 1m at low tide. The results of the surveys show that 49.9% of the western reef was composed of rock with only 1.6% live corals, and limited number of target fish were observed. The legal framework for the project includes existing policy are regulation with respect to any development sensitive to the environment such as the EIA regulation, regulation on cutting and uprooting trees, Environment protection and preservation act, regulation on coral mining, waste management regulation, dredging and reclamation regulation, etc. In addition to these, there are agriculture specific regulation and guidelines, such as the Agriculture policy, general regulation for food establishment, etc. One of the most important set of guidelines with respect to the project is the Maldives Good Agriculture Standards, which has been recently formulated. While it is not mandatory to conform to the standards currently, the study strongly emphasises on its importance and recommends its incorporation to the project. Impact evaluation is undertaken by standard accepted methods. General impacts from development in uninhabited islands exists for the development such as those including vegetation removal and marine dredging, which has been noted among the more important ones. General mobilisation and setup impacts are also there, in addition to establishing and operating utilities in the island. Waste management in a secluded island such as this is important. More specific impacts occur due to handling and using chemicals and fertilizers, animal and pest control, and harvesting procedures. Mitigation measures are given for each impact. Vegetation removal is unavoidable. However, it is recommended to transplant larger trees as much as possible, and to utilise green waste as compost for the facility. Marine dredging impacts are likewise unavoidable. But the harbour is designed in such a way as to minimise the long term impacts. With regards to agricultural practices, it is strongly recommended to follow the Maldives Good Agricultural Practices. Alternatives for the project includes assessment of the no project option as per usual where the need for the project is discussed at length. It is concluded that the no project option is not viable at this stage. Other alternatives such as those for the project site, harbour area, water source, sewage options, and energy source has been discussed. The project has proposed the most simple and commonly used sources and it is recommended to proceed with these for the time being, while the harbour has been designed in the most environment friendly manner possible. Stakeholder consultations were carried out with different government authorities in addition to respective councils. The councils were generally supportive of the project. However, they all unanimously stated that they recommend more involvement of the island communities in development such as these. The government authorities expressed concern with respect to projects such as these and the agricultural industry of the Maldives in general. Monitoring program has been proposed as per usual. It is recommended to carry out annual monitoring even after the construction works have been completed. Important monitoring parameters include groundwater monitoring, marine water, marine life, shoreline, product water, general health and safety at site, etc. One of the key points with regards to impacts is, the scale/magnitude of works will be much less compared to other types of development which takes place in uninhabited islands such as airport developments or more typically, resort developments. The operation stage of the project will also be much more environment friendly than other developments. However, the main area of concern with regards to operation is apart from general good practices in maintenance and waste management, the use of fertilizers and chemicals. This can be regulated if it is ensured that the operation is in compliance with MGAP. In fact, the entire operation can be made sustainable once the operation fully conforms to the guidelines as provided by MGAP. Considering these factors and the great socio economic benefits the project will bring to the regional community, the project can be regarded to be environment friendly on a long term basis. With proper operating procedures as outlined in MGAP, mitigation measures as given in this study, and subsequent monitoring, it is recommended for the project to proceed as proposed.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the proposed deep sea dredging to reclaim and develop 3 resort islands in North Male’ Atoll lagoon
(2016-08) Musthafa, Amir
This report is the EIA undertaken for the Proposed deep sea dredging to reclaim and develop 3 resort islands in North Male’ Atoll lagoon (4o40’28.8”N 73o32’02.2”E - 4o40’18.4”N 73o32’24.6”E). The EIA for the 3 Resort island reclamation and development have been approved by the Ministry of Tourism on 26th May 2016. This EIA only studies the proposed borrow area for the deep sea dredging and the conditions and impacts of dredging from this area. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under the ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. This report would further conform to the Dredging and Reclamation regulation. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions in an environmentally sound manner. Although this is for a tourism development, since the borrow area is not within an area dedicated for tourism activities, an approval from the EPA was necessary. Potential borrow areas in the northern areas of North Male’ Atoll close to the project area was investigated. The dredging location chosen is about 5 km west of the Project site. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found on literature and the results indicate that the proposed project has minimum negative impact and have an overall net positive outcome. The approved EIA discusses both lagoon dredging using a Cutter Suction Dredger (CSD), and deep sea lagoon dredging using a Trailer Suction Hopper Dredger (TSHD) The main environmental positive impacts due to opting for TSHD is that there will be virtually no impact on the house reef of the project site due to the dredging activities. Furthermore, the proposed borrow area is not even remotely close to any site designated as a sensitive area or protected area by the EPA. There are some locations that are used by Divers close to the borrow area. However, the dredging location is still over 500m away from these locations. Dredging activities will no doubt increase sedimentation impacts in the area, and diving at these 3-4 locations during the dredging activities will not be pleasant. However, lasting impacts are not envisaged based on other similar projects undertaken recently. There are no known popular bait fishing grounds near the borrow area. There are no additional impacts due to reclamation as there is no change in scope with regards to this component from the approved EIA. Important stakeholders for the project include Helengeli Island Resort, Gaafaru council, Ministry of Tourism, and Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture. The main reservations by the stakeholders is the fact that sand is borrowed from area perceived to be close the respective stakeholders property. Moreover, they expressed their concerns on the impact of dredging works on the fisheries and tourism of the North Atoll. Gaafaru council did note that they did not have much concerns with regards to the project due to the proximity of Gaafaru with respect to the borrow area, and due the presence of deep sea in-between. The stakeholders were informed of the previous islands reclaimed under the same project and how the impacts were minimal. Alternative borrow area options are not viable as the sand search campaign concluded that there are no other significant sand depots within close proximity to the project area. However, another sand deposit 11.5km from the project site was investigated. It is envisaged that this area can barely the supply of sand required. Importing sand from abroad will be very costly and will have further negative impacts at the reclaim site and is not regarded as a realistic alternative. It is recommended to continue to monitor the impacts of the proposed project by regular monitoring of marine water quality and marine environment. The monitoring plan proposed in the approved EIA is slightly modified to include more monitoring locations, near borrow area. A two stage monitoring plan is given, which recommends monitoring during dredging activities, and a monitoring trip straight after completion of dredging.. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment. It is thus recommended that since the project has major socio-economic benefits and environmental benefits as detailed in the initial EIA and summarised in this report, to allow the project to proceed as proposed. Moreover, since the proposed borrow area is at a considerable distance from any sensitive area, and since the initial EIA has been approved, and also considering the fact that the sand search campaign resulted in only 1 location within reasonable distance from the project to obtain sufficient volumes of sand, there is no viable reason to postpone or cancel the project due to this change. However, mitigation measures should be in place and continuous monitoring should be undertaken.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the proposed mixed residential building in plot no. D2-3, Hulhumale’ – Rainbow Oceanfront Residence
(2016-12) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed mixed residential building construction in Plot No. D2- 3, Hulhumale’. 12 storeys in the structure will be allocated for residential purposes. The project is being developed and constructed by Rainbow Construction Pvt. Ltd. They are to undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between Rainbow and Housing Development Corporation (HDC), and due to the fact that the structure exceeds 11 storeys as specified in the EIA regulation ‘Jadhuvalu R’ in the list of type of projects for which EIAs are required. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale’. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to lower class members of the community. The project will contribute to the grand plan of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing more moderate to high quality housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 such housing units built in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. The only large vegetation that will still be removed are the roadside Fithuroanu gas. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. Therefore, the project will not have any significant impact on a significant receptor. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the only areas of concern. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building beyond the 2 years the developer is contractually responsible for. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned.An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment for the proposed wind energy project in Himmafushi Kaafu Atoll, Maldives
(2017-03-01) Musthafa, Amir
Background This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is prepared in accordance with the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation 2012 to assess the impacts of proposed Wind Energy Project in K Himmafushi. This project is proposed by State Electric Company (STELCO), which is the utility company operating in the Island. STELCO will implement the project in association with the Japanese group Komaihaltec Inc, which provides all the technical input for the project in addition to the wind turbine. The project is administered by the Ministry of Environment and Energy as part of the Joint Credit Mechanism (JCM) program by the Japanese government. This environmental impact assessment was carried out by lead consultant Amir Musthafa, and his team. The construction stage of the project will be undertaken by STELCO. This is a pilot project formulated in the interest of gaining experience of wind energy production in the Maldives. This impact assessment will identify and determine the significance of potential impact of each major component of the proposed project. Any activity that has a significant impact will be analyzed in depth and alternatives will be proposed in terms of location and design to mitigate any adverse impact. The project is based on the installation and operation of Wind Turbine as a source of renewable energy in the island of Himmafushi. There are 2 phases to the project; the construction phase and the operational phase. The impacts are also analyzed based on the 2 phases. Existing Environment and Project Specifications The project is proposed to be undertaken in Himmafushi. The specifications of the wind turbine physical structure are as follows: o Tower height: 41.5m or 136.15 ft. o Blade length: 16m, or 52.5 ft o Nacelle weight: under 18 tonnes o Tower is divided into 4 blocks of the following weights: 11.6t, 7.1t, 5.8t, 4.9t. It is proposed to install 1 300kW capacity turbine in Himmafushi. The turbine is expected to generate 512.1 MWh annually and considering current rates. It is expected that the powerhouse in Himmafushi can save approximately 120,000 USD annually from the local powerhouse expenses. The turbine will be installed at the existing powerhouse facility area in Himmafushi. Thus, there will not be any necessity to get separate location approval. Soil investigation tests, with boreholes at over 15m depth show that coral rock was found at the required depths. Therefore, standard pile foundation is applicable. The pile will be at 13-15m depth from ground level. Eight such piles will be driven to the ground as the foundation of the tall structure. Environmental Impacts Himmafushi has undergone significant developments recently. There has been a major reclamation project along with shore protection which was completed early this year. Therefore the island has endured impacts from heavy machineries. Regarding impacts, moderate impacts are expected at the commencement of the project during mobilization and use of heavy machinery and setting up site for the proposed project. Transportation of heavy vehicle and equipment would need to be undertaken with care. There will be moderate impacts during the piling works, mostly associated with noise and vibrations to a smaller extent. There are no high rise structures in the area that could be vulnerable due to the piling works. There will also not be any need for significant vegetation removal. Coconut palms at the project area will however need to be removed. Two coconut palms would need to be replanted for each palm removed. During operation stage, there are more prominent impacts. These cannot be fully established at this stage of the project, and there is a great need to carry out consistent environmental monitoring. Impacts include those from low frequency sound produced by the turbines, aesthetic or psychological impacts due to the presence of a tall structure in the island environment, and more importantly such impacts due to shadow flicker. Additionally, potential hazards due to the tall structure is also a factor to be considered. However, the turbine has been designed to withstand strong winds exceeding 70 m/s, which is well in excess of the strongest recorded in the Maldives. Mitigation Measures With regards to mitigation measures during construction stage, most are based on proper project planning before commencing construction. These include providing training to staff on behavioral conduct in an island environment, following health and safety guidelines, proper waste management. Furthemore, care must be taken while unloading heavy machinery and equipment at the harbor area, and transporting along island roads to the project site. Use of drop hammer is discouraged for piling works due to the high noise and vibration effects. Operational stage mitigation measures include those mostly related to monitoring and management. At a worse case scenario, due to noise in residential areas during night time, operations of the turbine at night may need to be restricted or the operator may need to provide additional insulation to residences depending on the outcomes of the monitoring program. This cannot be determined at this stage. There needs to be a convenient grievance system setup for the local community to give their feedback to the operator. This is important to keep a well-maintained record of complaints from the local community regarding any perceived impacts due to the presence of the turbine. Positive Impacts The project will have several positive impacts to the community and more so at a national level. Benefits to the community include increased awareness in renewable energy technologies, first hand experience and training in the field, ability to promote the island to tourists as an environment friendly island, etc. At a national level, the benefits are bigger and is more tangible. As noted in the Energy Policy and Strategy 2016, “reducing the dependency on imported fossil fuel and at the same time meeting the ever increasing demand for electricity are the major challenges the country has” and this project will lay a foundation in achieving this target. The document states that the short term objective of the Maldives government on this front is to produce a minimum of 30% of day time peak load of electricity in all inhabited islands from renewable energy sources by 2018. As this is a pilot project, the groundworks laid by this project, the experience and analysis will help the government to achieve this. Consultations Generally the community expressed both positive and negative perceptions towards the project. Himmafushi community have had a recent bad experience with tariff charges and electricity bill payments. As such, the main concern of the community can be concluded as household and commercial electricity charges per unit and direct community benefits for the community. Some expressed that they do not desire the project to proceed if the said concerns are not addressed. Regarding this concernt, the utility company STELCO had informed that setting the tariff is administered by the central government ministry, the Ministry of Environment and Energy, and they have no power with regards to this. The Ministry had subsequently informed during consultations with them, that setting different tarrifs to different islands based on the projects implemented on the islands is not practiced and will cause additional issues. The Ministry officials informed that once large scale renewable energy projects are implemented throughout the country, there is possibility of reducing the tarrif for all the citizens in the future. They also informed that such large scale projects can only be implemented after pilot projects as proposed are completed and deemed successful. There were those among the community that accept the project itself to be of significance to the community and look forward for the implementation of the project and appreciates the opportunity for Himmafushi to become a cleaner and exemplary island. Alternatives Alternatives for the project including the no project option were also considered. However, it was recommended the project proceeds as proposed based on the feasibility of implementation and the small change to environmental impact that the alternatives will bring. Alternative locations were not really possible at this stage, as the locations has been more or less finalized. Nevertheless, even if there was opportunity to change location, there would not have been necessarily better locations to site the turbines in the chosen islands for the pilot project. A recommended alternative is to incorporate more community benefits during the operation stage of the project, which would help to offset negative perceptions of the turbine in the long term. Monitoring plan A monitoring plan has been formulated for construction phase and operation phase and will be used to assess the impacts of the proposed system. Monitoring plan is crucial to this project, more so than other projects that are usually carried out in the Maldives. Due to the experimental nature of this project, it is vital to get all data related to the project well monitored and recorded including perceptions of the community towards wind turbines. It is very important to understand the dynamics between the residential areas and the turbine. Findings from the monitoring program will be used to re-evaluate the mitigation measures to reduce any significant negative impact on the environment. The findings will also assist to better plan for future similar projects, and especially those at a larger scale. Conclusion The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using peer reviewed methodology and the results indicated that the proposed project has generally positive impact. Given that the project has major socio-economic benefits especially at a national scale, and since minor to moderate impacts at a local level can be mitigated the project is not regarded as a highly sensitive project to the environment. Long term impacts on the human environment due to noise and visual aesthetics is not very conclusive, especially in this environment. Given the stated facts, it is recommended to allow the project to proceed as proposed with the mitigation measures and monitoring plan in place.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment proposed 10 storey building construction in H. Asrafee Villa, Male’
(2017-09) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 10 storey building construction at the residence, H. Asrafee Villa in the capital city, Male’. The project is being developed and constructed by W Construction Pvt. Ltd., which will undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. The proponent of the project is Adam Shafeeq. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in the east end of Male’. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male’, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. The project area does not endure much traffic relative to the general traffic conditions in Male’. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were old structures and maybe prone to some damages. Older buildings were mostly single storey structures and there was one high rise building on the north eastern corner of the proposed site. Therefore, serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The report does recommend to undertake a structural defects inspection study of the buildings in the same block as the proposed site by civil engineering experts. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male’, there is no particular long term impact associated with this project, albeit an increase in cumulative impacts. The main reason an EIA was required for the project was due to the basement construction and associated impacts. These can be mitigated by restricting the type of storage materials in the area, implementing fire safety systems, and proper mechanical ventilation and drainage. Submersible pumps are proposed for the project as well as mechanical ventilation. The other impacts that do occur can also be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure also needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road and disruption to traffic during transport of machinery and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design also, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of green walls, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male’, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted, none that the island community is not yet enduring. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with proposed precautions and mitigation measures as recommended in this study.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment proposed 1394 social housing units development project in Hulhumale’ Phase II
(2017-12) Musthafa, Amir; Aujaaz, Nafha
This report is based on the proposed 1394 social housing units proposed for Hulhumale’ Phase II. Twelve buildings in total will be built as part of the project, each 14 storeys high. The project is being developed by Housing Development Corporation (HDC), and constructed by 23rd Metallurgical Construction Group Co. Ltd., which will oversee the development and project management including managing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works due to the large scale of the project with high rise buildings. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity, which also has the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish 15,000 social housing units in Hulhumale’. Therefore, other similar EIAs have been done recently, most notably for the 7000 housing units project and 2500 housing unit project. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards lower class members of the community, who cannot afford commercial housings. The project will contribute to the grand plan by the government of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing a large number of housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that 15,000 such housing units will be built in Hulhumale’, which would accommodate approximately 80,000 people. Similar to the other building EIA’s in Phase II, the existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in Phase II yet and there is no other structure at the site as well. However, there are other similar developments previously stated projects. Other development in the land include shore protection and road construction, which is currently ongoing. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern as is the case for similar developments. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Impacts on water quality due to dewatering as identified can be mitigated by dewatering inland. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project, in addition to social issues. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly maintain the building. Impacts that may occur due to conflicts with other developments being undertaken simultaneously can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Long term social issues are envisaged due to a large population living in a concentrated area. Several social and legislative mitigation measures are proposed to counter this, including greater policing activities, larger public spaces, etc. Also concerns regarding fire safety exists. Proper fire safety measures are very important to be established as well as additional features such as sprinkler systems in each floor. In addition to fire safety, other impacts due to fuel storage at site and use and storage of chemicals are cause for concern. These can be mitigated by following the fuel and chemical storage standards and best practice methods. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location, as the most suitable location had been predetermined during the planning stage. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. It is recommended to dewater inland to an empty land close to the project site after excavating the area to ensure that water is contained in the allocated area, and will not have any negative impact on the groundwater aquifer. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. The project in general has minimum impact as it is being undertaken in newly developing land, similar to the other current developments in the area. All project specific building related impacts highlighted in the study, including those related for fire risks, health and safety, and fuel and chemical storage and use can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is very high. The project would go a long way in providing much needed additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given. Furthermore, proper planning and stronger legislation is required to ensure sustainability of such projects and to ensure maximum benefits are reaped from them. Building maintenance legislation needs to be strengthened to ensure such projects provide the maximum benefits to the community with minimum risks over a long period.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment proposed 14 storey building construction in MA. Manaage, Male’
(2015-10) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 14 storey building construction at the residence, Ma. Manaage in the capital city, Male’. The project is being developed and constructed by Rainbow Construction Pvt. Ltd. to undertake the construction works and project management including overseeing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Male’ city council for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in the heart of Male’, more towards the western side. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site, although there are some roadside vegetation in the area. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male’, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. As could be seen from the data, this area does not encourage much traffic relative to the busier roads in Male’. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were in good condition. Older buildings were mostly single storey structures. Therefore, serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum. However, the report recommends to undertake a structural defects inspection study of the buildings in the same block as the proposed site by civil engineering experts. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male’, there is no particular long term impact associated with this project. One significant impact specific to this project is impact on the roadside vegetation during transportation of machinery and equipment. The impacts that do occur however can be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. The first mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure also needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the vegetation on the road during transport of machinery and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. Regarding project design, a few alternatives are recommended for the swimming pool, provide a green area at the terrace, while the pros and cons of making a larger parking area is also discussed. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male’, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with precautions and mitigation measures in place.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment proposed 2500 housing units development project in Hulhumale’ Phase II
(2017-10) Musthafa, Amir; Aujaaz, Nafha
This report is based on the proposed 2500 housing units proposed for Hulhumale’ Phase II. Eleven buildings in total will be built as part of the project, each 15 – 17 storeys high. The project is being developed by Housing Development Corporation (HDC), and constructed by Sinohydro, which will oversee the development and project management including managing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works due to the large scale of the project with high rise buildings. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity, which also has the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish 15,000 social housing units in Hulhumale’. Therefore, other similar EIAs have been done recently, most notably for the 7000 housing units projects. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards lower class members of the community, who cannot afford commercial housing projects. The project will contribute to the grand plan by the government of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing a large number of housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that 15,000 such housing units will be built in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in Phase II yet and there is no other structure at the site as well. However there are other similar developments including the 7000 housing units. Other development in the land include shore protection and road construction. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern as is the case for similar developments. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Impacts on water quality due to dewatering as identified can be mitigated by dewatering inland. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project, in addition to social issues. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly maintain the building. Impacts that may occur due to conflicts with other developments being undertaken simultaneously can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Long term social issues are envisaged due to a large population living in a concentrated area. Several social and legislative mitigation measures are proposed to counter this. Also concerns regarding fire safety exists. Proper fire safety measures are very important to be established as well as additional features such as sprinkler systems in each floor. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location, as the most suitable location had been predetermined during the planning stage. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. It is recommended to dewater inland to an empty land close to the project site after excavating the area to ensure that water is contained in the allocated area, and will not have any negative impact on the groundwater aquifer. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. The project in general has minimum impact as it is being undertaken in newly developing land. All project specific building related impacts highlighted in the study can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is very high. The project would go a long way in providing much needed additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given. Furthermore, proper planning and stronger legislation is required to ensure sustainability of such projects and to ensure maximum benefits are reaped from them. Building maintenance legislation needs to be strengthened to ensure such projects provide the maximum benefits to the community with minimum risks over a long period.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment proposed mixed residential apartment building development ‘Fitron Residence’ in Plot C4‐2, Hulhumale’, Maldives
(2017-10) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed mixed residential building construction in Plot No. C4- 2, Hulhumale’. It is proposed to build two 10 storey towers, of which 2 storeys will be allocated for commercial purposes. The project is being developed by MUNI Enterprises Pvt. Ltd. The proponent is to oversee the development and project management including managing the EIA process. The contractor has not yet been decided. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between MUNI Enterprises Pvt. Ltd. and Housing Development Corporation (HDC). In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale’. Therefore, many similar EIAs have been done recently. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to upper class members of the community. The project will contribute to the grand plan by the government of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing more housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 such housing units built in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows deteriorating water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. However, there are numerous similar developments including Rainbow Oceanfront building development in Plot D2-3 and other developments by ENSIS, APOLLO holdings, DAMAS, etc along the same road. The proposed site also directly faces the Hulhumale’ western shoreline. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation are the major areas of concern as is the case for all similar developments. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Further impacts to the adjacent construction site are foreseen. However, this can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, maintenance methodology, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment proposed mixed residential apartment building development ‘The Gardens’ in Hulhumale’, Maldives – Jausa Investments
(2017-11) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed mixed residential building construction in Plot No. D2- 1A, Hulhumale’. It is proposed to build two 12 storey towers, of which 2 storeys will be allocated for commercial purposes. The project is being developed by Jausa Investment Pvt. Ltd. and constructed by Jausa Construction Pvt. Ltd. Jausa Investment (Jausa) is to oversee the development and project management including managing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between Jausa. and Housing Development Corporation (HDC). In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is part of larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale’. Therefore, many similar EIAs have been done recently. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to upper class members of the community. The project will contribute to the grand plan by the government of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing more housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 such housing units built in Hulhumale’. The study was initially initiated in May 2017. The project however dragged on due to delays in receiving some approvals from HDC. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. However there are numerous similar developments including K Park building development in Plot D2 1B and Sandal Mauritius building in Plot D6 1C. The proposed site also directly faces the Hulhumale’ central Park. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern as is the case for all similar developments. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Further impacts to the adjacent construction site is foreseen. However, this can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
Environmental impact assessment: proposed 10 storey building construction in M. Yookafi, Male’
(2017-11-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 10 storey building construction at the residence, M. Yookafi in the capital city, Male’. The project is being developed by the proponent and landlord Abdul Baari Yoosuf and constructed by FEDO Construction Pvt. Ltd. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure for the project to proceed. The area the project is proposed to be undertaken is a moderately built area in the north west end of Male’. There is no natural terrestrial environment at site. The existing environment therefore was focussed on the regional climate of Male’, and the traffic distribution, and noise pollution in the area. The project area does not endure much traffic relative to the general traffic conditions in Male’. However, as traffic space is very limited due to the narrow roads and heavy parking, there are frequent traffic jams. A general exterior overview of the existing structures in the area was also observed. It was found that most of the buildings in the area were old structures and maybe prone to some damages. Older buildings were mostly double storey structures and there was one high rise building adjacent to the project site, which the proponent of this project resides. Serious structural defects are expected to be at a minimum, especially considering the standard foundation protection methods. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found in literature. Since the development is undertaken in a moderately built area, the results indicate that the proposed project has neutral impact. However, there are some significant impacts on the environment during the construction phase of the project and these needs to be mitigated to avoid any significant damage to the environment. Significance of the impacts and mitigation measures have been provided based on previous similar projects undertaken in the Maldivian environment and based on literature. The main cause for concern regarding this project is the impact it will have on neighbours residing in this area. As such, several short-term impacts are envisaged including air pollution, noise pollution, aesthetic impacts, traffic issues and safety concerns. As there are numerous high storey building projects being undertaken in Male’, there is no particular long term impact associated with this project, albeit an increase in cumulative impacts. The main reason an EIA was required for the project was due to the basement construction and associated impacts. These can be mitigated by restricting the type of storage materials in the area, implementing fire safety systems, and proper mechanical ventilation and drainage. Submersible pumps are proposed for the project as well as mechanical ventilation. The other impacts that do occur can also be easily mitigated to minimise and/or completely nullify them. Mitigation measure proposed includes creating awareness among the construction staff and neighbours regarding the scope of the project. Other measures include taking protective measures to ensure people residing and utilising the vicinity will not have to endure the impacts during the construction stage. Foundation protection measures are recommended and are provided as part of the project to prevent impact on neighbouring structures in addition to a 1m offset from the adjacent building. Dewatering procedure also needs to be undertaken with care, details of which are given in the report. Care should also be taken to prevent any damage to the road and disruption to traffic during transport of machinery and equipment. Alternatives, including the no project option and alternatives for some project components are also discussed. No project option is not viable at this stage of the project. Regarding construction methodology, a few alternatives are recommended. Regarding the design, there are recommendations to make the development greener. These include interior landscaping to incorporate plants, use of green walls, use of LED lights, rooftop solar panels, etc. An environmental monitoring program is provided at the end of the report, which provides details on the parameters to monitor on site, and the frequency in which it needs to be done. Estimated costs for the monitoring works are given. Implementation of the program is essential for the sustainable development of the project. In conclusion, it is discussed the impact such major housing projects have for the increasing population density in Male’, and how it can be prevented at a policy level. However, taking this project as a standalone development project in an already heavily built island city, it can be concluded that no significant long-term impacts are predicted, none that the island community is not yet enduring. The same conclusion had been derived for all similar building construction projects in Male’. Therefore, it is recommended that the project go ahead as proposed with proposed precautions and mitigation measures as recommended in this study.
Technical Report
Environmrntal impact assessment : proposed luxury apartment complex at Hulhumale’ : Sandhura Residencies
(2017-02-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 14 storey luxury mixed residential building construction in Hulhumale’, ‘Sandhura Residence’. The project is being developed by NPH Pvt. Ltd. Construction works are set to be undertaken by Sierra Construction with CMEC from China. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works as per the requirements of the signed agreement between NPH Pvt. Ltd. and Housing Development Corporation (HDC), and due to the fact that the structure exceeds 11 storeys as specified in the EIA regulation ‘Jadhuvalu R’ in the list of type of projects for which EIAs are required. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity being given the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project is in addition to the larger program by HDC to establish mixed residential buildings in Hulhumale’. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards middle to lower class members of the community. The proposed development is a luxurious development with the upper-class market. The project will contribute to the grand plan of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing more high quality housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that there will be over 1000 housing units built in Hulhumale’. The existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in close proximity to the site and there is no other structure at the site as well. However, Platinum Condominium is 15m across the road. It is not anticipated there will be any impact on the site except for aesthetic impacts during construction. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project as well. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly manage the waste in addition to maintaining the building. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. All the impacts as highlighted in the project can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is high. It also provides additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given.
Technical Report
First addendum to the environmental impact assessment for the proposed reclamation of Feydhoo, Addu City, Maldives : change of borrow area
(2016-05) Musthafa, Amir
This report is the Addendum to the EIA undertaken for the Proposed Reclamation of Feydhoo, Addu City, Maldives. This addendum is based on the change of borrow area after the sand search campaign has been undertaken. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under the ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. This report would further conform to the Dredging and Reclamation regulation. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions in an environmentally sound manner. The new dredging location is about 1.5km North of the proposed borrow area 1 given in the original EIA. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found on literature and the results indicate that the proposed project has minimum negative impact and have an overall net positive outcome. The main environmental positive impacts due to this change comes from the fact that it is slightly far from the inhabited area, and therefore direct impact on inhabitants will be minimised. However, the change results in the borrow area being located relatively closer to the manta point, kuda kandu, and maa kandu, which a popular dive spot and sensitive areas respectively. However, the dredging location is still over 3-4km away from the sites. The area is slightly closer to the british loyalty wreck is also 3km away from the dredge area. Dredging activities will no doubt increase sedimentation impacts in the area, although lasting impacts are not envisaged. There are no additional impacts due to reclamation as there is no change in scope with regards to this component. Furthermore, it is important to note that the approved dredge locations in the initial EIA had similar distances away from other sensitive areas in the South. Important new stakeholders for the project include dive centres and fishermen who may use the surrounding region of the borrow area. While some dive centers had significant reservations and had been reported to be outright against the project taking place in the area, their reasons are not backed by sound science and there is simply a lack of information to conclude the dredging in this area will result in any lasting impact to the popular dive spots. Alternative borrow area options are not viable as the sand search campaign concluded that there are no other significant sand depots within Addu Atoll. Alternative areas are those that have already been excluded. The only other viable alternative is to source sand from another region. Importing sand from abroad will be very costly and will have further negative impacts at the reclaim site. It is recommended to continue to monitor the impacts of the proposed project by regular monitoring of marine water quality. The monitoring plan proposed in the original EIA is slightly updated to include more monitoring locations, near borrow area. A two stage monitoring plan is given, which recommends quarterly monitoring during the 1st year and less frequent monitoring for the next 5 years. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment. It is thus recommended that since the project has major socio-economic benefits and environmental benefits, it is advisable to allow the project to proceed as proposed. Moreover, since the change in scope is relatively small, and since the initial EIA has been approved, and also considering the fact that the sand search campaign resulted in only one location within Addu Atoll to obtain sand, there is no viable reason to postpone or cancel the project due to this change.
Technical Report
First addendum to the environmental impact assessment for the proposed reclamation of Thinadhoo, Gaaf Dhaal Atoll, Maldives : change of borrow area
(2016-05) Musthafa, Amir
This report is the Addendum to the EIA undertaken for the Proposed Reclamation of GDh. Thinadhoo, Maldives. This addendum is based on the change of borrow area after the sand search campaign has been undertaken. More details on the sand placing method is also provided in this addendum. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under the „Jadhuvalu R‟ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. This report would further conform to the Dredging and Reclamation regulation. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions in an environmentally sound manner. The new dredging location is about 8 km west of the proposed borrow area 1 and area 3 given in the original EIA. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found on literature and the results indicate that the proposed project has minimum negative impact and have an overall net positive outcome. The main environmental positive impacts due to this change comes from the fact that it is slightly far from the resort islands and sensitive areas, and therefore direct impact guests will be minimised. However, the change results in the borrow area being located relatively closer to the inhabited islands area, which also hosts a dive spot and a sensitive area. However, the dredging location is still over 1 km away from the inhabited area, while it is about 7km away from the nearest sensitive area. Dredging activities will no doubt increase sedimentation impacts in the area, although lasting impacts are not envisaged. There are no additional impacts due to reclamation as there is no change in scope with regards to this component. Furthermore, it is important to note that the approved dredge locations in the initial EIA were closer to the “Havodigalaa” sensitive area. Important new stakeholders for the project include Atoll council, nearby resorts, and Management at the Airports company, who may use the surrounding region of the borrow area. The stakeholders consulted did not have any significant reservations. However, they did note that the shallow reef North of the borrow area was used for bait fishing, and fishermen from Madaveli use the general area and channel for fishing. The management at the airports company inquired whether the height of the dredger would cause any issues to incoming aircrafts. Both these concerns were attended to and subsequently, the stakeholders did not have any further issues. The height of the ship will not cause any issue since the channel was south of Kaadedhoo was not going to be used, and all stakeholders will be preinformed before dredging commences. Alternative borrow area options are not viable as the sand search campaign concluded that there are no other significant sand depots within a reasonable distance from Thinadhoo. Alternative areas are those that have already been excluded. The only other viable alternative is to source sand from another region. Importing sand from abroad will be very costly and will have further negative impacts at the reclaim site. It is recommended to continue to monitor the impacts of the proposed project by regular monitoring of marine water quality. The monitoring plan proposed in the original EIA is slightly updated to include more monitoring locations, near borrow area. A two stage monitoring plan is given, which recommends quarterly monitoring during the 1st year and less frequent monitoring for the next 5 years. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment. It is thus recommended that since the project has major socio-economic benefits and environmental benefits, it is advisable to allow the project to proceed as proposed. Moreover, since the change in scope is relatively small, and since the initial EIA has been approved, and also considering the fact that the sand search campaign resulted in only one location within reasonable distance from Thinadhoo to obtain sand, there is no viable reason to postpone or cancel the project due to this change.
Technical Report
First environmental impact assessment addendum for the proposed reclamation of Himmafushi, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives : change of borrow area
(2016-06) Musthafa, Amir
This report is the Addendum to the EIA undertaken for the Proposed Reclamation of K. Himmafushi, Maldives. This addendum is based on the change of borrow area after the sand search campaign has been undertaken. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works outlined in this report as they fall under the ‘Jadhuvalu R’ of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2012 of the Maldives. This report would further conform to the Dredging and Reclamation regulation. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions in an environmentally sound manner. Potential borrow areas in Kaafu Atoll was originally investigated and subsequently Ari Atoll area was also studied. The dredging location chosen is about 10 km west of the proposed borrow area 1, area 2, and area 3 given in the original EIA. The overall environmental impacts of the project have been assessed using frameworks found on literature and the results indicate that the proposed project has minimum negative impact and have an overall net positive outcome. The main environmental positive impacts due to this change comes from the fact that it is relatively closer to some resort islands and sensitive areas than the originally proposed areas. However, the dredging location is still over 500m away from any location of importance. Dredging activities will no doubt increase sedimentation impacts in the area, although lasting impacts are not envisaged. Bait fishing in the vicinity of the borrow area will have an impact for the duration of the project. There are no additional impacts due to reclamation as there is no change in scope with regards to this component. Furthermore, it is important to note that the approved dredge locations in the initial EIA were closer to the “Havza Thila” a popular diving spot. Important new stakeholders for the project include Atoll council, AA. Ukulhas council, AA. Mathiveri council and AA. Bodufulhadhoo council in addition to resort islands. The main reservations by the stakeholders is the fact that sand is borrowed from Ari Atoll for a reclamation in Kaafu atoll. All the stakeholders expressed their disapproval at this. Moreover, they expressed their concerns on the impact of dredging works on the fisheries and tourism of the Atoll. AA. Bodufulhadhoo council especially did note that the shallow reef North of the borrow area was used for bait fishing, and fishermen from Mathiveri and Bodufulhadhoo use the general area and channel for fishing. The stakeholders were informed of the previous islands reclaimed under the same project and how the impacts were minimal. Addendum to the EIA for the Reclamation of K. Himmafushi Alternative borrow area options are not viable as the sand search campaign concluded that there are no other significant sand depots within either North Male’ Atoll or North Ari Atoll. Alternative areas are those that have already been excluded. The only other viable alternative is to source sand from even further away, which was not feasible at all. Importing sand from abroad will be very costly and will have further negative impacts at the reclaim site. It is recommended to continue to monitor the impacts of the proposed project by regular monitoring of marine water quality. The monitoring plan proposed in the original EIA is slightly updated to include more monitoring locations, near borrow area. A two stage monitoring plan is given, which recommends quarterly monitoring during the 1st year and less frequent monitoring for the next 5 years. Undertaking the monitoring, along with the mitigation measures is necessary to ensure the sustainable development of the project with minimum harm to the environment. It is thus recommended that since the project has major socio-economic benefits and environmental benefits as detailed in the initial EIA, it is advisable to allow the project to proceed as proposed. Moreover, since the change in scope is relatively small, and since the initial EIA has been approved, and also considering the fact that the sand search campaign resulted in only one location within reasonable distance from Himmafushi to obtain sand, there is no viable reason to postpone or cancel the project due to this change. However, mitigation measures should be in place and continuous monitoring should be undertaken.
Technical Report
Proposed 5000 social housing units development project in Hulhumale’ phase II : environment impact assessment
(2018-01) Musthafa, Amir
This report is based on the proposed 5000 social housing units proposed for Hulhumale’ Phase II. 40 buildings in total will be built as part of the project, each 14 storeys high. The exact number of housing units to be developed as part of the project is 5040 units. The project is being developed by Housing Development Corporation (HDC), and constructed by China Nantong Sanjian Construction Group Co. Ltd, which will oversee the development and project management including managing the EIA process. An Environmental Impact Assessment was necessary for the works due to the large scale of the project with high rise buildings. In addition to meeting the regulatory requirements, the report would further assist the proponent and important stakeholders to make decisions based on favourable environmental conditions with the main focus on sustainability. The project also adheres to several other rules and regulations in the Maldives and has obtained permit from HDC to proceed. HDC is a 100% government entity, which also has the responsibility to set guidelines and oversee all developments in Hulhumale’. The project consists of the development of 1/3 of the larger program by HDC to establish 15,000 social housing units in Hulhumale’ within the next 2 – 3 years. Other similar EIAs have been done recently, most notably for the 7000 housing units project, 2500 housing unit project and 1394 housing unit project. Apartments in these buildings can generally be regarded as being targeted towards lower class members of the community, who cannot afford commercial housings. The project will contribute to the grand plan by the government of reducing congestion in Male’ by providing a large number of housing opportunities in Hulhumale’. By 2019, it is projected that the new housing units would accommodate approximately 80,000 people. Similar to the other building EIA’s in Phase II, the existing environment at the project site does not consist of any significant vegetation and the water test result shows normal water quality. There are no residents living in Phase II yet and there is no other structure at the site as well. However, there are other similar developments previously stated projects. Other development in the land include development of the 7000 housing units, shore protection and road construction, which is currently ongoing. During the construction stage, health and safety standards of the workers at site, and waste generation is the major areas of concern as is the case for similar developments. With proper planning and project management, this can be easily mitigated. Impacts on water quality due to dewatering as identified can be mitigated by dewatering inland. Waste is the main concern during the operational stage of the project, in addition to social issues. Since this will be developed as a condominium with multiple tenants owning the rights of the building, it has to be ensured that the tenants are held responsible to properly maintain the building. Impacts that may occur due to conflicts with other developments being undertaken simultaneously can be mitigated with proper communication and planning before project implementation. Long term social issues are envisaged due to a large population living in a concentrated area. Several social and legislative mitigation measures are proposed to counter this, including greater policing activities, larger public spaces, etc. Also concerns regarding fire safety exists. Proper fire safety measures are very important to be established as well as additional features such as sprinkler systems in each floor. In addition to fire safety, other impacts due to fuel storage at site and use and storage of chemicals are cause for concern. These can be mitigated by following the fuel and chemical storage standards and best practice methods. Regarding alternatives, there are no viable alternatives available for the project with respect to location, as the most suitable location had been predetermined during the planning stage. The no project option is also not plausible at this stage and possibilities are outside the scope of this study. Other alternatives including material, foundation type, construction methodology are not necessarily recommended. Recommendations had been made to proceed with the project as planned. It is recommended to dewater inland to an empty land close to the project site after excavating the area to ensure that water is contained in the allocated area, and will not have any negative impact on the groundwater aquifer. An environmental monitoring plan is proposed to be carried out with 2 phases; one for the construction stage, and one for 2 years post construction. Factors to investigate include surveying the amount of waste generation, noise pollution, traffic flow, health and safety at site and water quality. The project in general has minimum impact as it is being undertaken in newly developing land, similar to the other current developments in the area. All project specific building related impacts highlighted in the study, including those related for fire risks, health and safety, and fuel and chemical storage and use can be mitigated. The socio-economic benefits to Greater Male’ City from projects such as these is very high. The project would go a long way in providing much needed additional housing opportunities, which would contribute to alleviating the housing issues in Male’ City, and therefore mitigating the issues related to congestion. Thus, after consideration of all these perspectives, it is recommended that this project proceed as planned, after incorporating the mitigation measures given in this study with the commitment to implementing the monitoring plan given. Furthermore, proper planning and stronger legislation is required to ensure sustainability of all these new major condominium projects and to ensure maximum benefits are reaped from them. Building maintenance legislation needs to be strengthened to ensure such projects provide the maximum benefits to the community with minimum risks over a long period.