Thesis by other Maldivians - އެމް.އެން.ޔޫގެ ދަސްވެނީން ފިޔަވައި އެހެނިހެން ދިވެހީންގެ ތީސީސްތައް
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Item The development and evaluation of a computer-assisted instructional strategy designed to change student misconceptions about chemical equilibrium(Department of Science Education, Edith Cowan University, 1990-12-14) Hameed, Hassan; ޙަސަން ޙަމީދުThe main aims of this thesis are twofold. First, to identify and describe misconceptions about chemical equilibrium held by Year-12 chemistry students in the Maldives. Second, to investigate the effects of using a computer-assisted instructional strategy in changing those misconceptions. A misconception identification test and an interview schedule developed by Garnett & Hackling ( 1984) were used to diagnose student misconceptions about chemical equilibrium. The remediation aspect of the study used a computer-assisted instruction (CAI) package. The package was designed in accordance with a model of conceptual change proposed by Posner, Strike, Hewson & Gertzog ( 1982) . The CAI package consists of eleven modules. The conceptual change strategies, as implemented in the package, mainly used simulations to create cognitive conflict to assist accommodation. The results of the study indicate that misconceptions about chemical equilibrium are common among Year 12 chemistry students in the Maldives. In addition, these misconceptions were found to be similar to those reported by Hackling and Garnett (1985) which identified misconceptions among Western Australian students. Results also indicate that the remediation aspect of the study, which used the CAI package, produced significant and lasting conceptual changes in students holding the misconceptions.Item Effectiveness of solid waste management in the Maldives : a case study from Ukhulas(Villa College, 2016-01-01) Shadiya, Fathimath; ޝާދިޔާ, ފާތިމަތުWaste management in preindustrial times was simple because most of the waste compromised of organic materials which decompose naturally. However with the introduction of non- biodegradable synthetic materials such as plastic, waste treatment and waste disposal have become a pressing concern in the Maldives due to limited financial and human resources available in the country. This research tries to identify factors that can influence the long term sustainability of Community Based Solid Waste Management Systems from social, economic and environmental perspectives, and to suggest recommendations for areas that need further improvement and development in the system. A quantitative approach was used as the research methodology. The survey questionnaire was a close ended questionnaire. Data were collected by conducting social survey and secondary data sources. Data analysis for the social survey was carried out using SPSS. Analysis of results showed Ukulhas waste management Centre utilizes 79.2% of organic waste brought to the waste management Centre to make compost. Spearman’s rank order showed there was no association between respondent’s satisfaction level and their willingness to pay for waste collection service. Kruskal Wallis test showed there was a significance difference in satisfaction level towards waste management system across different age groups, and Chi-Square test showed there was no association between respondent’s attitude towards plastic and their willingness to use recyclable shopping bags. The findings were analyzed using DPSIR framework.Item An empirical analysis on international tourist flow and hotel room prices: the case of Maldives(National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, 2017-09-01) Zuhuree, Ibrahim; އިބްރާހިމް ޒުހުރީSince the 1950s, international tourism has played a major role in economic development in the developing world in general and small island developing states (SIDS) in particular. The Maldives, for example, has transformed itself from sleepy fishing villages into a luxury destination for rich tourists and has achieved the status of upper-middle-income country. This study extends the scope of empirical analysis of international tourism considerably by covering not only the demand side (e.g. tourist income) but also the supply side factors (e.g. security and environmental amenities). First, using panel data, the study examines the relationship between supply-side factors and tourist inflow from cross-country perspective as well as for the single country case of the Maldives. A major finding is that international tourist inflow is not very sensitive to price compared with tourist income and security issues. Second, primary data from a survey of guesthouses in the Maldives is used to examine the extent of congestion, the relationship between service quality and prices and the problem of free-riding on others’ efforts to preserve the natural environment. Its findings, especially the ones about the externality problems and the impact of security on tourist arrivals, are interesting and offer some policy implications.Item Instructional leadership practices of selected principals in Maldives: a case study(Asia e University, 2016-10-01) Ahmed, Abdulla Rasheed; އަބުދުﷲ ރަޝީދު އަޙުމަދުInstructional leadership has taken central place as a successful model to beމpractised by principals in leading schools. There was no research yet to explore the extent to which school principals in Maldives are adopting this model. Hence this research attempts to investigate the instructional leadership practices of selected principals in Maldives. Due to the exploratory requirement of the research, a qualitative methodology was employed using a multi-case study where data was collected through an in-depth semi-structured individual interviews utilising purposeful sampling method. Triangulation was adopted through multiple data sources such as observations, and written documents in order to support and enrich the findings. Participants of this study included three principals, three supervisors and three teachers from three selected schools. The study used a revised instructional leadership behaviour model of Hallinger and Murphy (1990) to analyze the data using within and across cases thematic approach. The findings of this study revealed that principals practiced the six dimensions of the instructional leadership behaviors and patterns as highlighted in the conceptual framework. However, from the across analysis case study, the study revealed that a) although all schools have mission and vision to provide proper direction but they are not clear whether to promote learning or to prepare for examination and b) community is not involved in designing vision and mission c) there was also confusion in the role of principals as an instructional or administrative leadership, d) no professional standards formulated for instructional leaders, e) a policy is needed for effective integration of ICT in teaching and learning, f) important behaviours of principals as instructional leaders include interaction with students and direct involvement in instruction and evaluation and g) provide holistic education for overall development and also an effective learning environment, As for barriers to be instructional leaders, the study showed lack of professional development, policies from Ministry of Education and high expectations from public. This study concluded that the revised model may be used as a guide to promote the instructional leadership behaviors and patterns among the principals in the Maldives. The revised model is considered as the contribution of this study.Item The integrated growth response of coral reefs to environmental forcing: morphometric analysis of coral reefs of the Maldives.(Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, 2003-07-01) Naseer, AbdullaCoral reefs are bioherms whose structure comprises a dynamic mixture of geologically inherited and environmentally forced morphologies. The major debate of coral reef history is over the relative importance of antecedent, erosional and recent, constructional processes in controlling the pattern and pace of reef growth. Landscape scale studies of reef morphology enable us to distinguish between these two morphological lineages on modern reefs. This thesis quantifies empirical relationships among spatial patterns of coral reef growth, geomorphology and environmental forcing in the archetypal atoll nation of the Maldives. The main hypothesis is that asymmetric ocean wave forcing interacts with antecedent reef platform structure to produce characteristic growth configurations and predictable reef morphologies during the Holocene (at least). The hypothesis is tested by regressing a set of reef growth morphometrics derived for every single coral reef larger than 1 ha on impinging wave energy for the entire archipelago (n = 2041). The methods involved the classification of eight Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) satellite images covering all reefs of the Maldives, and the calculation of morphometric indices using a geographical information system (GIS). The spatial pattern of coral reef growth, as defined by the distributions of distinct reef geomorphologies, was quantified by multiple morphometrics of well-defined geomorphic zones: reef slope, reef crest, coral rubble, sand flats, reef lagoons and reef islands. These features were delineated with an overall accuracy of 81%. The total area all coral reef and lagoon habitats that comprise Maldives is 21,372.72 km2 . A total of 2,041 ±10 distinct coral reef structures larger than 0.01 km2 occupy a vertically-projected surface area of 4,493.85 km2 . Smaller areas of coral reef substratum cover another 19.3 km2 , bringing the total area of coral reef to 4,513.14 ±135.40 km2 . Islands occupy only 5.1% of the total reef area. Spatial gradients in environmental forcing (i.e., southern ocean swell and monsoon wind-wave fields) were characterized and quantified along the same dimensions as the reef geomorphology, and statistically related to the reef morphometrics. Nonparametric Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and Analysis of Similarities (ANOSIM) procedures identified statistically significant differences among groups of reefs located on atoll rims that were exposed to nine differing hydrodynamic regimes. The widths of rim reef slopes, crests and flats widths were significantly related with incident wave power (r2 > 0.07, p<0.01, n=488), with the largest reef growth zones facing the major monsoon wind direction, and the smallest facing the relatively calm Maldives Inner Sea. The hydrodynamic openness of the 16 complex atolls of the Maldives was quantified by a rim aperture index (range from 0.03 to 0.35). The total area of various reef growth forms in atoll lagoons (i.e., patch reefs, knolls and faros) was significantly positively related with the aperture index (r2 > 0.62, p < 0.001, n=16). The extensive, detailed and accurate data provided by this study for the first time on the exact numbers, sizes, shapes and areas of reef features of the entire Maldivian archipelago demonstrates the value of synoptic technologies to seascape ecology, supports the hypothesis that the spatial patterns of coral reef growth predominantly reflect recent hydrodynamic forcing, and provides a sound basis for predictive modelling and management decision support in a developing nation of 300,000 people living on coral reefs and confronted with rising sea level.Item School Improvement: The route taken by an urban primary school in the Republic of Maldives.(Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 2007-12-01) Didi, Ahmed AliThe primary and secondary schools in the Maldives serve over one third of the total population. Having achieved universalization of primary education, one of the challenges of the education system now is to improve the quality of primary education. Studies done in the past, to explore quality in primary education, have been quantitative in nature, telling only part of the story when it comes to describing improvement efforts. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore in detail how a primary school in an urban setting of the Maldives deals with school improvement efforts. A qualitative case study, informed by the interpretivist research paradigm, was used to explore this issue. One of the primary schools in Male' was purposefully selected for this study and 48 participants took part, of whom thirteen were students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observations, document reviews and administering of questionnaires. The findings of this study suggest that there were three major dimensions or three interrelated, key concepts that together undergirded the improvement efforts in the school. They are change, leadership and culture. In action-oriented terms, these dimensions or concepts translated into managing change, attending to specific leader actions and influencing the school's culture, respectively, reflecting six themes of school improvement. They are: a focus on change, a focus on students, a teaching learning focus, investing in staff, strong leadership by the head and school culture. In addition to these, it was noted that these themes emerged as having significance to the school's improvement efforts against the backdrop of many stakeholder influences and contextual factors. In essence, the findings of this study portray the micro-level realities of the working of a school that is consciously and continuously striving for improving educational practice. In conclusion to the study, research implications and areas for further research have been identified that would inform educational policy and practice in the Republic of Maldives.