Thesis & Dissertations - ތީސީސް އަދި ޑެޒަޓޭޝަން
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ThesisItem A failed education system : issue with low achievers(2025) Ahmed, Zameer; ޒަމީރު އަހުމަދުThis article is about the Maldives Education system. In this article, the issue with low achievers has being discussed. How to overcome the major issue in education. The article is backed with literature. BookItem Resilience، islandness and food systems in small island developing states : a study of the Maldives(2024) Mariyam Anaa Hassan; މަރިޔަމް އަނާ ހަސަން BookItem Factors affecting nurse turnover in public hospitals in Male’, Maldives: a phenomenological study to understand why nurses resign(School of Nursing, The Maldives National University, 2022-01-29) Rameez, Rafaahath; ރަފާހަތް ރަމީޒުNurses leaving their jobs or leaving the profession, commonly known as turnover, is a significant issue of concern universally (Dewanto & Wardhani, 2018). Nationwide, the average registered nurse turnover rate is estimated to be 15% to 36% per year (Halter et al., 2017). Shortages of nurse’s due to high turnover lead to burnout and job dissatisfaction among nurses, decreases in staff morale, a decline in consideration for patients, increased errors and patient dissatisfaction related to new inexperienced staff (Gess et al., 2017). Therefore, it is significant for health care organizations to identify the main causes of turnover and promote effective interventions to reduce nurse turnover (Yamaguchia et al., 2016). The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study is to explore the experiences of nurses in order to identify the main factors that contributed to leaving their job in public hospitals in Male’. An advantage of identifying these contributing factors is that it could help healthcare organizations to implement successful strategies and workplace solutions in order to improve nurse retention, which will also save organizations costs on nurse recruitment, motivate present employees enhancing their job satisfaction and improve the standard of care given to patients in in public hospitals in Male’. Chapter 1 of this research study will consist of a brief background of the topic along with relevance and justification, problem statement and conceptual definitions of some of the main terms used in the study. ArticleItem Knowledge, attitude and practice wards management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) among antenatal women visiting for antenatal care at reproductive health center, Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital(School of Nursing, 2022-12) Sheeza, AishathBACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a global health problem compromising maternal and fetal health. The aim of this study is to examine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards management of GDM among antenatal women. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional descriptive correlational study involving 197 antenatal women visiting for antenatal care at Reproductive Health Center (RHC) of Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital (IGMH). Participants were selected using random sampling in one-month period between August to September 2022. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice towards management of GDM. RESULTS: Research findings indicate 68% respondents had low knowledge, 16.8% and only 15.2% had high knowledge of GDM. Majority of 80.2% had moderate attitude whereas 16.2% and 3.6% antenatal women were found to have high and low attitude towards GDM respectively. Practice level towards management of GDM were found to be poor in 59.9% participants and good in only 1% of participants. Pearson product correlation indicated significant and moderately positive correlation (r = .404, p < .001) between knowledge and attitude, statistically significant and weakly positive correlation (r = .284, p < .001) between attitude and practice. No correlation was found between knowledge and practice towards management of GDM. CONCLUSION: The results of this study can aid healthcare professionals in developing effective strategies to raise awareness of GDM prevention in the Maldives and in carrying out health promotion activities related to GDM successfully ArticleItem The experiences of Treetop Hospital (TTH) nurses in covid-19 pandemic in the Maldives(School of Nursing, 2020) Simany, KhadhiyyaThis paper aims to explore nurses' experiences in providing nursing care for COVID-19 patients in the TTH COVID-19 facility. The study examined the preparation of nursing care, nursing routine changes, and the challenges in providing nursing care. Based on the research paradigm and supportive literature, the author employed a descriptive phenomenological approach of inquiry. The author conducted semi-structured face-to-face interviews using purposive convenience sampling of nurses with nursing experience in the TTH COVID-19 facility. The nursing experience of the TTH nurses during the pandemic is identified through this study. The significant themes developed was; preparation for the new challenge, combatting infection control, meeting daily patient needs, challenges in caring and rising above and psychological impact of working in a pandemic. The study’s findings are supported through literature as nursing in a pandemic is more focused on infection control and requires polices and guidelines. The findings also suggest the need to have practical skill and knowledge development for nurses. Furthermore, the study recommends developing of mentally and physically healthy nurses, to assess nurses prior to pandemic nursing care, during care and post care. The study recommends adaptation to challenges in nursing care and use of innovate tools for nursing care. It also emphasize on empowering nurses, creating support systems for nurses and motivate nurses through supportive leadership ArticleItem Knowledge, attitude, and perceived barriers to medication administration error reporting among registered nurses in a private hospital(School of Nursing, 2023-05) Azeemath, MariyamTopic: knowledge, attitude, and perceived barriers to medication administration error reporting (MAER) among registered nurses in a private hospital in the Maldives. Background: The failure to report medication administration errors (MAE) is a worldwide problem associated with patient safety. The first step towards increasing the reporting rate is recognizing nurses' attitudes toward errors and perceived barriers to reporting. Hence, this study explores the knowledge, attitude, and perceived barriers to medication administration error reporting from the nurses’ perspective. Methods: In this descriptive, correlational study, a structured, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 172 randomly selected nurses at ADK hospital, Maldives. IBM® SPSS Statistics (Version 26) was used to analyze the data and level of knowledge and attitude were categorized using Bloom’s cut-off point. Results: Total of 164 nurses participated in this study, with a response rate of 95.93%. 87.8% (n=144) of the participants had a good to excellent level of knowledge. There was a positive attitude towards reporting medication administration errors among 54.9% (n=90) of the participants. A 50.5% (n=83) of the participants agreed or highly agreed that "Nurses could be blamed if something happens to the patient because of the medication error" as a barrier to medication error reporting. The results showed a statistically significant strong negative relationship between MAER attitude and perceived barriers to MAER, r (163) = -.818, p = <. 01. While there was a statistically significant weak negative relationship between MAER attitude and perceived barriers to MAER, r (163) = -.187, p = < .05. Conclusions: The findings revealed that most of the participants possessed good to excellent levels of knowledge in MAE and had a positive attitude toward medication administration error reporting. Blame due to adverse events to patients were considered the top-ranked barrier to MAER among nurses in the study. Thus, efforts to enhance MAER by creating a safe organizational culture and developing a confidential, anonymous, fast, and simple-to-use reporting system is crucial to eliminating these barriers. ThesisItem Implementation of blended learning in higher education : a case study of adoption and diffusion(University of Wollongong, 2022-08) Ali, Ramiz; ރާމިޒް އަލީBlended learning has the potential to provide learners with multiple advantages such as increased access to learning, increased flexibility, and enhanced learner engagement. The pedagogic method has been prevalent in higher education in recent years, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the growth of interest in institutional initiatives, our knowledge about the adoption and diffusion of blended learning at the institutional level remains limited. Knowledge about adoption and diffusion processes at the university level is imperative for university leaderships to inform policy, provide appropriate support to teachers and other staff, and ensure and sustain positive and equitable student experiences. Using an embedded case study method, the current study aims to understand user perceptions and beliefs of blended learning and describe the process of blended learning adoption leading to diffusion across a university. This study is guided by the Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DoI), and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Participants were 407 students, 99 teachers, and six university executives who were involved in an institutional initiative employing blended learning in 2019. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focus groups. The questionnaires were administered to students and teachers. Interviews were conducted for teachers and the executives while focus groups were held for students. In addition, relevant university documentation was gathered and analysed for the purpose of data triangulation. In line with the convergent mixed method, the quantitative and qualitative data were collected in parallel, analysed separately, and were then merged. ThesisItem Living on a crowded island: urban transformation in the Maldives : background to a research in progress : PhD Researcher(Victoria University of Welington, 2022) މުޙައްމަދު ފައިސަލް; Faisal, Mohamed ThesisItem Abundance of microplastic pollution and the impact of land-use and ocean current on plastic pollution in the Maldives(The University of Sheffield, 2023-03) Naeem, Aminath Uyoon; އާމިނަތު އުޔޫން ނައީމްApproximately 4.8 to 12.7 million tonnes of plastics enter the marine environment annually contributing to 5 trillion pieces of plastic in the global oceans and surface waters. Plastics in the marine environment can exist as macro, meso, and microplastics and due to its durability and longevity, once they are introduced into the environment, it can persist and be distributed globally by ocean currents and winds. Regardless of the high abundance of plastic pollution in the environment and its various negative impacts on marine ecosystems, human health, and the economy of countries such as the Maldives that depend on biodiversity-based economic sectors such as tourism and fisheries, research regarding causes of plastic pollution and sources of microplastics and its abundance is scarce. This study aims to quantify microplastic pollution in the Maldives and to identify sources of plastic pollution by investigating the effects of land-use and ocean currents on plastic pollution in the Maldives. A combination of field and laboratory methods was used to collect beach sediment samples, log macro and mesoplastics and to isolate, identify and quantify microplastic pollution on three different islands of varying land-use intensity (Industrial, Urban and Rural) in the Maldives. Additionally, Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to map ocean currents and identify the influence of ocean currents on microplastic distribution on the Maldivian islands. The results of this study shows that there is a significant level of microplastic pollution at the studied islands: K. Thulusdhoo, K. Villingli and B. Dhonfanu. Additionally, it also showed that the pollution levels at these three islands were higher compared to other coastal areas in the Indian Ocean, as well as other regions of the world. Furthermore, the results showed that the microplastic abundance at Thulusdhoo, an industrial island, was statistically different to both Dhonfanu which is a rural island and the urban island, Villingili proving that land-use influences plastic pollution. However, the difference between the Urban and Rural islands, despite the Urban island having a higher microplastic abundance was not significant, indicating that other factors such as ocean currents also influence microplastic abundance. The ocean current direction and speed along with the difference in the shape and size of microplastic found on the islands proves that ocean currents were also an influencing factor in microplastic abundance on the Maldivian islands. ThesisItem Reforming the Maldivian penal code with reference to punishment of imprisonment(Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah of Laws International Islamic University Malaysia, 2020) މުޙައްމަދު ޢައްފާން ޝާފީ; Shaafy, Mohamed AffanThe purpose of this thesis is to identify issues related to the use of imprisonment as a general form of punishment in the Penal Code of Maldives and to propose areas of reforms to the punishment of imprisonment to Maldives. In this study two main areas for reform were identified; firstly, since Maldives is a 100% Islamic country, the philosophies, aims, purposes of punishment and punishment of imprisonment were identified from Islamic Shari’ah. Since confirmation to the tenets of Islam is a requirement for all laws in Maldives by its constitution a Shari’ah punishment benchmark was derived under Article 10 of the Constitution of Maldives 2008. It was established that Shari’ah punishments were of 3 main types in Islamic criminal law, these are hudud (fixed), qisas (retaliatory) and ta’zir (discretionary) punishments. To suggest Shari’ah reforms to the Maldivian Penal Code, Islamic penal systems from Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia were analyzed. Secondly, for the reduction of meting imprisonment as a general form of punishment, different types of alternative punishment forms and application of penal laws were identified from the Nordic region where the penal systems in the Nordic region seldom used imprisonment unless for major crimes; and even in the instances of imprisonment, the punishment is focused on reforming the offender. The Nordic penal punishment model was found to be more compliant with the punishment philosophy of Shari’ah. This research identified that Maldivian Penal Code 9/2014 had imprisonment as a primary punishment form for all types of offences and an unrestricted discretion on punishment was given to judges. It was also found in this study that Maldivian prisons were not suitable to keep prisoners as they are not operated in accordance with laws of Maldives, Shari’ah punishment objectives and international human rights conventions and treaties. To identify areas of punishment reform all the 160 offenses mentioned in the Penal Code of Maldives 9/2014 were analyzed under the Shari’ah benchmark, it was found that offences that are applicable under hudud or qisas categories were allocated imprisonment sentences. In order for the penal laws of Maldives to comply with the Shari’ah benchmark whilst reducing imprisonment as a general form of punishment and introducing alternative punishment forms, it was recognised in this research that Maldives would have to follow a mixed model of a codified Islamisation model in terms of hudud and qisas punishments and a harmonization reformation model in terms of reforms on alternative forms of punishments under ta’zir. The findings of this study will help stakeholders in reforming Maldivian Penal Code with reference to the punishment of imprisonment to be compliant with the Shari’ah, Constitution of Maldives and international best practice